Utilizing GIS-based Disaster

Information for Disaster

Risk Reduction in the

Philippines

Arturo S. Daag Chief Science Research Specialist

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

(PHIVOLCS)

Outline

1. Existing partnership with ESCAP

2. Philippine Natural Hazards: an Overview, initiatives and

agency partners

Meteorological hazards:

Typhoon, Severe Winds, Flood, Storm-surge, Landslides, Drought

Geologic hazards:

Earthquake-related: Ground Rupture, Ground Shaking, Liquefaction,

Earthquake-induced Landslide, Tsunami

Volcanic Hazards: Tephra Fall, Lava Flow, Pyroclastic Flows, Lahar,

Siltation and Flooding

Ground Subsidence

3. GIS-Based hazard maps: a tool for DRR

Initiatives

DRR agencies and hazard assessment services

DRR Promotions

4. Web-based GIS and DRR Information

5. Summary

Cooperation between ESCAP

and the Philippines

1. Member of ESCAP longstanding regional

cooperative framework - Regional Space

Applications Programme for Sustainable

Development (RESAP)

Philippines is an active member States of

Development (RESAP) – annual meeting.

2. Provision of satellite imagery

During Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) in 2013

and Trami (Hagupit) in 2014, ESCAP

provided satellite images to the Government

of the Philippines

Cooperation between ESCAP

and the Philippines

3. Policy and technical cooperation

1) Capacity Building Training on Applications of GIS and

Geospatial Data Management for Disaster Risk

Reduction in the Philippines, Manila, April 2014

Organized by ESCAP, Republic of Korea and

PCIEERD

Around 30 working-level local government officials

participated in the training

2) Senior Policy Makers’ Forum on Space Technology

Applications for DRR and Sustainable Development in

the Philippines, Manila, February 2015

Organized by ESCAP, Republic of Korea and

PCIEERD

19 local government decision makers (Mayors)

participated in the forum

4. Future cooperation 1) Policy making for disaster risk reduction and

space technology applications

2) Technical assistance to enhance the knowledge

capacity of local governments in the Philippines

3) Regional cooperation for emergency and

disasters with sharing satellite images and

information

Cooperation between ESCAP

and the Philippines

The Philippines is prone to many natural hazards

due to its geologic and geographic setting

Earthquake Tsunami Volcanic eruption

Typhoon Storm surge Flood Landslide

Meteorological Hazards:

Typhoon: an average of 21 typhoons each year and

around 6 to 9 makes landfall (PAGASA).

Typhoon HAIYAN

(Yolanda) on

November 7,

2013

GIS-Based Flood Hazard Assessment utilizing Satellite Technology

Map of Typhoon Trami (Habagat) cooperation between UNESCAP,

Sentinel Asia and International Charter of Space and Major Disasters

GIS- and WEB-based Flood Hazard Maps available to stakeholders Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

Provincial and Barangay Level GIS- based Storm Surge and Tropical

Cyclone Severe Wind Hazard Maps Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

Provincial and Municipal Level GIS-based Rain

Induced Landslide Hazard Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Mines and geo-science Bureau (MGB), Department of

Environment and Natural Resources

Department of Science and Technology

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

Geologic Hazards:

Philippine Active Faults and Seismicity

Earthquake-related Hazards

Tsunami Fire

Fault (Ground) Rupture Ground Shaking –

Collapse of Building Liquefaction

Landslide

GIS-based Active

Fault Map at

various scales (1:250,000; 1:50,000;

1:10,000; 1:5,000)

Active Fault Map

1:5,000 scale

Earthquake Hazard Maps (Province Level): Ground Shaking,

Liquefaction, Earthquake-induced Landslide and Tsunami

READY Project, 2007

Mapping of Sinkholes

(MGB-DENR)

Sinkhole in the school grounds with dimensions of 20m x 7 m

Sinkhole on the road in front of Panganan Elementary School, Brgy Lomboy, Panganan Island

Sinkhole located at the back of Panganan High School, estimated depth ~3.4m, area 20x6 m

Estimated depth is 1.1m and may even be deeper

300 volcanoes 23 considered active

Active, Inactive & Potentially Active

Volcanoes of the Philippines

Mayon Volcano Lahar Hazard Map PHIVOLCS-DOST

Scenario-based Lahar Hazard Map

VEI 5 Eruption from Lugad Crater

GIS-Based Hazard Mapping and

DRR Initiatives

• READY PROJECT

• SSC Regions: Map-based IECs

• Sentinel Asia and International Disaster

Charter

• REDAS

• GEO-PORTAL

• DOST Web-GIS DRR Projects

Direct response to specific assistance requested by the Government of the

Philippines (GOP) on Disaster Risk Management to the United Nations (UN)

Country Team after the November-December 2004 Flash Floods in Quezon

and Aurora Provinces.

Hazard Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-

Based Disaster Risk Management (READY)

A four-year project (June 2006-May 2010)

• Executing Agency: Office of Civil Defense (OCD)

• Responsible Agencies:

PHIVOLCS, PAGASA, MGB-DENR, NAMRIA

• Main Implementer:

Collective Strengthening of Community Awareness for Natural Disasters

(CSCAND) as NDCC Sub-Committee on Disaster Preparedness

** United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the implementing agency

of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) and other future

donors

READY project covers 27 high risks provinces and has

three main components:

1.Multi-hazard identification and disaster risk assessment

• Multi-Hazard mapping (1:10,000 scale for landslide and floods;

1:50,000 scale for earthquake-related hazards and storm surge)

2. Community-Based Disaster Preparedness

• Development of Information Education and Communication (IEC)

strategies and materials for specific target groups;

• Installation of Community-Based Early Warning Systems

(CBEWS): Flood, Landslide, Tsunami

3. Initiate the mainstreaming of risk reduction into the local

development planning process.

•EXTENDED TO READY-GMMA TO COVER GREATER METROMANILA

Hazard Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-

Based Disaster Risk Management (READY)

HAZARD AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT SOFTWARE (REDAS by DOST-PHIVOLCS)

• Hazard assessment module

- tools for assessing earthquake

hazards; preparing scenarios

- static maps of various hazards

(geological, hydro-meteorological)

can be integrated

• Exposure data base module

- contains database of elements at risk

which can be updated by local

government

• Impact assessment module

- can estimate damage to buildings,

casualty, economic loss

* being shared with local

governments, national agencies,

academic partners

Ground Shaking Intensity

Liquefaction Landslide

Tsunami

Example Hazard Simulation Results by REDAS

REDAS_Exposure Database Module

• Development of database of exposure (buildings, critical facilities),

typology, fragility curves for earthquakes and extension to other

hazards

Uses of Exposure database

• Disaster Impact and Loss

Simulation

• Emergency and Contingency

Planning

• Land Use and Development

Planning

• Local government business

activities

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0

Pro

ba

bil

ity o

f E

xceed

an

ce

PGA (g)

C1-M Low Code Fragility CurvesS Points

S Curve Fit

M Points

M Curve

FitE Points

E Curve Fit

C Points

C Curve Fit

Modified S

CurveModified

M CurveModified E

CurveModified C

Curve

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Pro

ba

bil

ity o

f E

xceed

an

ce

MMI

C1-M Low Code Fragility Curves

Slight

Moderate

Extensive

Complete

Figure 4.16: C1M low code fragility curves (in PGA)

Figure 4.17:C1M low code fragility curves (in MMI)

• REDAS (Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment

System) is a seismic hazard simulation software that

aims to produce hazard and risk maps immediately

after the occurrence of a strong and potentially

damaging earthquake.

• Developed by PHIVOLCS in 2002-2004 under the

DOST-GIA project

•Incorporation of hazard maps into the REDAS

software

Capacity Building through Provision and Training on the Use of a

Hazard and Risk Assessment Software (REDAS)

REDAS Training

REGIONAL IECs: Science for Safer Communities

All DRR GIS and Google-Referenced (KML) Hazard Map given to LGUs

PHILIPPINE GEOPORTAL

GIS-Based One Stop Shop Maps.

Supported by Government Agencies and NGOs

Philippine Geo-Portal: Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management Module

Communication satellites

Earth observation satellites

Positioning satellites

Human network Capacity Building, Outreach

Other DRR Mapping Initiatives

Sentinel Asia Step 3

Just after disaster Post-disaster

Information delivering to personal terminals

Pre-disaster

Monitoring

Information/data transmission

Information sharing (Web-GIS)

Response: Emergency observation

Mitigation: Community education

Preparedness: Hazard map Early warning system

Recovery: Monitoring

Disaster information

33

A

B

C

D

E

Average of 4cm yearly subsidence

GROUND SUBSIDENCE MAPPING AND MONITORING

USING ALOS PALSAR Mar.2011 –Feb.2007 (1472 Days)

Web-Based Landslide Early Warning System

DOST PROJECT

Project NOAH

Nationwide Operational Assessment of

Hazards

WEB-based GIS Applications

OVITRAP INDEX

Mosquito Population for

Dengue Prevention

Flood Hazard Map based on return period

Weather Stations

Rain Gauges

Stream Gauges

Water Level

NEAR REAL-TIME INFORMATION ON VARIOUS SENSORS

Warning System for Deep-seated Catastrophic

Landslide. Web-based Monitoring and Warning Power Supply (Solar/Grid)

Data Management

Sensor Nodes

Two sensors integrated in one board

Tilt sensor - Measures inclination of column with respect to the vertical

Soil moisture sensor - Provides readings of soil moisture content

UP-EEE, NIGS and PHIVOLCS

Summary

• Many National DRR Agencies have their maps and information in GIS format and are available to stakeholders.

• Hazard maps in GIS format are hosted in respective DRR agencies website and available for downloads by various stake holders.

• Local government units are now integrating the GIS-based hazard maps into their Comprehensive Land Use Plan

• Web-based GIS and mobile applications are becoming more popular avenues in DRR applications