Urban Sprawl (1945-1973)

Preconditions & Entrepreneurial Reactions

Preconditions Of Sprawl

Land Use Zoning

Backlog of Demand

GI Bill – FHA-like Loans

New & improved Roads

Land Use Zoning

“Euclidean” Zoning

Backlog of Demand

War-time Moratorium

The “Baby-boom”

(1946 – 1964)

G.I. Bill

Servicemen’s Readjustment Act

Eisenhower’s Highways

1956 Federal Aid Highway

New & Improved Roads

1956 Federal Aid Highway – impact on central city & urban periphery

“You have to hack your way with a meat ax”

Robert Moses

Auto vs. Mass Transit

Tire replaces rail and/or track

Omni/bus:

poor man’s transportation

Entrepreneurial Reaction

Suburban Tract Housing

- Levitts’ development

revolution

Levittown, New York

Before

Levittown, New York

After

Cape Cod rendering - Levittown

Fifty years later

Common Interest Development

Selling life-style =

CID

Suburbanization of other uses

Southgate, Milwaukee

Urban Realms model

Diffused significance of central city