Unit Lessons

Flash Forward to the FutureKisha Harrington and Corinne WestCorinne West & Kisha Harrington

Flash Forward to the Future http://transportin2time.weebly.com

Lesson #1 Past & Present of TransportationLesson #2 Future TransportationLesson #3 Going Green!Lesson #4 Let your transportation take shape

Let your dreams take flight by traveling into the future. You fast forward through time to a futuristic city. As you look around you see hundreds of people hustling about the city. This is where it gets interesting. What kind of transportation do you see? In your city of the future, how will be people get around? Think about the challenges, materials, sustainability, and finances it takes to create a city with a reliable transportation system. You will create a futuristic transportation model for your city of the future. Lets get started and let your imagination take flight!

WHAT IS YOUR PERSPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO OUR CITIES AND/OR WORLD?

Kisha Harrington & Corinne West

SPED 6402 Spring 2015East Carolina University

CONTENT RESEARCH PAPER

Sustainable Future Transportation To get a better understanding of the importance of transportation, you have to look at the logistics. Transportation is a complex system of the many different ways we get from point A to point B. If you look at how much transportation has changed from then, to now, and how it might look in the future. From the past you probably remember the cartoon The Jetsons. Watching the cartoon you see flying cars and moving walkways. People envision that cities in the future will look something like this. There will be no more traffic back-ups and getting home will be a stress-free and short commute. During the 1960s America saw a man walk on the moon. Great things were happening and this made people excited about inventing new and better things. It also made us think of the future. People flocked to World Fairs that displayed futuristic ideas. One fair held an exhibit called Futurama that displayed a futuristic city with flying cars. According to General Motors press release following the 1964-1965 fair, Futurama attracted more than 29 million visitors, setting the attendance record for any industrial exhibit at any Worlds Fair and eclipsing the 24 million visitors to GMs earlier Highway and Horizons exhibit at the 1939-1940 New York Worlds Fair ("General motors," 1965).Another great modernist was Walt Disney. Mr. Disney envisioned his own Futurama and brought that vision to life. In 1955, Disney created Tomorrowland. Tomorrowland was a celebration of transportation technology, including a monorail, peoplemover, submarine, and various rides simulating spaceflight, each sponsored by a

different corporation (Tumlin, 2001). The ride, Autopia, simulated an interstate highway, which at the time was not built. In 1998, Disneys team decided to update Tomorrowland, but it did not fare well with the visitors. They looked at it as an unrealistic and childish remodel (Tumlin, 2001). Disneys failure to help us visualize a compelling, engaging, and sustainable future is indicative of the challenges all professions face in moving cities toward sustainability (Tumlin, 2001).Today we are learning how to create a sustainable transportation system. Transportation is difficult to define as sustainable but the Brundtland Commission of the United Nations define it as follows: sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Vanderbilt, 2009). To help extend our thinking about sustainability, we turn to American psychologist Abraham Maslow, who in 1943 developed his famous hierarchy of needs. (Maslow, 1943). Maslow defined human achievement as self-actualization. Once you have an obstacle in front of you, than you can find creative, moral solutions to help solve it (Tumlin, 2001). Once you look at Maslows pyramid you can connect it with sustainability because sustainability is also about human feelings (Tumlin, 2001). To create a sustainable transportation system it has to appeal to people which should make them feel good about using the transportation system, not only for its reliability, but also how it makes us feel. It is our belief that cities of the future will look a

lot less like George Jetsons Orbit City and a lot more like todays Portland, Oregon; Boulder, Colorado; Melbourne, Australia; and Barcelona, Spain (Tumlin, 2001).Transportation in the United States currently contributes some 450 million metric tons annually of CO2, a major greenhouse gas, to the atmosphere (Benfield, Replogle, 2002). In order to have a sustainable transportation system in a city, you have to think of ways to keep air pollution to a minimum. One way to do that is to offer plenty of parks. The city should have retail stores that are within walking distance of neighborhoods. The walkways should have plenty of shade and beautifully landscaped vegetation that is appealing to look at. Bicycling is another form of transportation that doesnt create pollution. One way to get people interested in using bicycles would be to create a network of bicycle paths throughout the city. The health and future of our nations economy are dependent on our achievement of a more sustainable and efficient system of mobility; we cannot grow and prosper if we waste time and resources in a system that does not work (Benfield, Replogle 2002). Automobiles, trucks, and highways now dominate transportation in America. The percentage of people that use private vehicles for travel is about 95% and trucks account for over 90% of all shipments (Benfield, Replogle 2002). There are over 200 million vehicles traveling 5 trillion miles per year in the United States (NAS 2001). Todays society is all about choices and convenience. Transportation today is convenient, fast, comfortable, and frequently reliable.

What can we expect in the future? What will cities and transportation look like? Sustainable transportation is a hot topic around the world. There are a few areas that have to be focused on to be sure transportation is sustainable and practical in the every changing and growing population worldwide. Transportation professionals are always looking to make things safer, cleaner, and more sustainable.Land design has a lot to do with how transportation in the future will be designed and created. The population around the world is growing every day. As more people are being born and others are living longer, the housing market has begun to buy up as much land as possible. The more homes they can build the better. However, with each new subdivision, high rise building and apartments being built leaves less land for building roads or laying concrete paths for walking. The future of building transportation is being changed to make traveling underground a more convenient way to get around. In the future, instead of just having subways underground, highways to be built underground. Alongside of vehicles being placed on underground roads, pedestrians and cyclist will have underground paths to use. The idea requires cities to change how they build and how to make necessity places such as schools, hospitals, grocery stores and places to work close to where the largest populations of people live. (Helmer, Jim, PE, TE, PTOE Mar 2010)In the future fuel for transportation will be based on what is efficient and friendly to our environment. Sustainable transportation needs to be fueled by fuel that doesnt harm the environment and is domestically produced fuel. Biomass is one of the oldest

known sources of renewable energy. (National Renewable Energy Laboratory U.S.2000). Biomass is made from Earths vegetation, agricultural and forestry residues, municipal solid waste, industrial waste and aquatic crops grown for the purpose of being used for fuel. Biomass is preferred because it is renewable energy and can be found all over the Earth. Biomass helps nations become self sufficient and less dependent on other nations for fuel such as petroleum. The design of future transportation has endless possibilities. According to 5 Visions of What Transportation Will Look Like in 2030, we can prepare for some transportation types we use today to be more widespread, but with an efficient updates. Transportation like the Gondola could be seen in skylines all around the world. Electric cars are going to be part of the future and the way we travel. Instead of gas stations there will be charge a car stations. Bicycles and skateboards will have their own lane of traffic and will be designed with reflectors and a light that shines on the street as they ride. There is no strong evidence to prove we will one day have flying cars, but with the every changing world, it cannot be ruled.

References Benfield, F. K., & Replogle, M. (2002). The roads more traveled: sustainable transportation in America-or not. Washington, DC: Environmental Law Institute. General motors. (1965, October 17). Retrieved from http://nywf64.com/gm07.shtml NAS (2001) Surface Transportation Environmental Research: A long-term strategy (Report of the Surface transportation environmental cooperative research public advisory board Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological review, 50(4), 370-96. Tumlin, J. (2011). Wiley Series in Sustainable Design: SustainableTransportation Planning: Tools for Creating Vibrant, Healthy, and Resilient Communities. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from http://www.ebrary.com Vanderbilt, T. (2009). Traffic: Why we drive the way we do andWhat is says about us. New York, NY: Vintage.

CONNECTION TO THE THEME

Students working on our unit future sustainable transportation will have to take the way they perceive the future of transportations and create their own version of that transportation. Students will learn over the four days about transportation of the past and transportation of the present. Students will have a chance during the four days to take their own perspective to create transportation that they think will be sustainable transportation of the future. Perspective in our unit topic will allow our students to think about transportation of the past. Students can take what they know and add that to what we teach in content on this topic and they can share their perspective of how they think transportation of the past has helped transportation of today. What are the students perspectives of transportation of the past? What is their perspective of transportation today? We believe that asking open-ended questions will allow the student to take their perspective on the topic of transportation and begin to think about what the transportation of the future will look like. Students will also use their own perspective to create future transportation that will meet the needs of future cities around the globe. The connection for them will be how cities of the past use the transportation system. How were cities and towns created? How is transportation used today? How are cities built today to accommodate transportation? Each student is unique, therefore, looking through their eyes and watching them create a sustainable transportation from their own perspective will allow us to assess just what they have learned throughout camp. We dont want them to jump to the conclusion that flying vehicles will be the answer but to understand that creating a reliable transportation system for the future is extremely important. The population will nearly double and we want them to have a clear perspective of population increase. Money and finances is another important aspect of our unit. Learning how to live on a budget and make it cost effective within that perspective budget. Overall we want sustainable transportation to be a lesson that intrigues them and discover their perspective with the field of Science, Technology and real world issues.Comment by Brian Housand: This is really important. As we teach the lessons and broaden the students thoughts on transportation, we hope the students perspective on transportation evolves and their thoughts deepen. We want the outcome of camp to last longer than just for a week. We want the students to create a form of transportation that could one day be real. From start to finish it is our hope that the students will begin to think about the future of cities and discover how important transportation design will impact moving around the world. It is our hope that students will create transportation that can be used on the roads, in the sky, and on the rail systems.

TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION

Technology and OutlineA major component in school lessons today should be technology. If you were to ask most high school students how they connect with the world they would show you their cell phone. Todays students expect to find the answer right away and they can do that by looking it up on the Internet. If they want to view a cartoon from the 1980s all they have to do is look on the Internet. If they want to know what is trending they look on Twitter. New technology has given us new words such as trending, texting, and smartphones. Gone are the days of using an Encyclopedia as a form of finding out information. To keep students engaged we have to incorporate technology. Technology is what this generation understands and we have to be sure we keep up with it every time they invent a newer version of it. In this unit students will use SketchUp to create their own futuristic transportation that meets the needs of their city.The first technology we will incorporate in our lessons is videos. Students will be able to watch videos of cities from around the world. To better explore these cities we will have them use Google Earth. This program allows the student to get a virtual view of each city that they are to explore. Google Earth uses satellite imagery, maps, terrain, and 3D buildings for a more realistic view of the world. The students will use Google Earth in order to explore other green cities. Through this technology they will get a better understanding of what a green city should look like.The second technology is Google SketchUp. This program creates a 3D model such as architectural design, interior design, film, and video game design. The students

will use this tool to sketch and create a sustainable city with a functional transportation system. Google SketchUp offers tools, effect and textures. The graphics on this program are related to architectural ideas, such as maps, flats or blueprints. It is also compatible with Google Earth, which allows the student to localize a 3D object on them.The third technology is our website on Weebly. Students will be able to find resources and/or information about our lessons. We hope to post pictures and possibly start a conversation with our students if they have any questions about each lesson. We will also have them create a Gmail account as another option for posting their homework through Google hangout but only if the parents allow them to create a Gmail account. We realize how important technology is in todays classroom. Technology in this unit will give students an opportunity to solve real world problems. Students will use Google SketchUp to design a futuristic model of transportation. The problems that they have to address in the makeup of their city will guide how the city is designed. Where will places such as doctors offices or hospitals be located? Where will people in their city work and live? What type of entertainment will be located in their city? Students will also have to consider the population of their city. How does population affect the design of their city? Lastly, what form of transportation will be the best form of transportation to move in and out of their city?The simulation in this unit gives the students hands on experience. The students can use this creativity to problem solve. They will have the opportunity through trial and

error to see if their thinking of the future and future transportation is obtainable. Students will have to ask themselves many questions throughout their designing sessions. Students will need to decide how to best use the space of their city. Students need to explore if they want any part of their city below ground. How can they make that possible? Students should think about housing. Where can people live in their city? Where can people work in their city? As students design their cities, they will have to decide what types of transportation will meet the needs of their city. It is our hope that through real simulation each student will understand the importance of a citys design and that transportation is at the center of the world.

CONTENT OUTLINE

I. The past, present, and future of transportation.A. History of Transportation1. Different modes of Transportation in the Past.a. Walking was the first mode of transportation and is the most sustainable.b. Horses and Carriages were used for travel.c. Pedal bicycles date from the 1860s. These were the only personal transport choices available to most people in Western countries prior to World War II, and remain the only options for most people in developing countries.d. Public transport dates back at least as far as the invention of the public bus in 1662.e. The First Transcontinental Railroad (known originally as the "Pacific Railroad" and later as the "Overland Route") was a 1,907-mile railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869.f. Between 1950 -1979 major highways and/or interstates were developed around the world. g. Relatively low and stable oil prices during the 1980s and 1990s led to significant increases in vehicle travel from 19802000, because people chose to travel by car more often and for greater distances.

B. Present Day Transportation1. Different modes of Transportation in the present.a. The most common road vehicle is the automobile, a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor.b. Air transport is the second fastest method of transport.c. Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail track, known as a railway or railroad.d. Water transport is the process of transport that a watercraft, such as a barge, boat, ship or sailboat.

C. Future Transportation1. Different modes of Transportation in the Futurea. Many ideas exist which try to either harness renewable forms of energy, more efficiently use fossil fuel, or use human power, or some hybrid of these, to move people and things.b. Examples of some future ideas. (Students will come up with their own ideas). flying car sky tram moving sidewalks jet-powered packsII. Sustainable Transportation refers to the broad subject of transport that is sustainable in the senses of social, environmental and climate impacts and the importance of transportation in a city locally and globally.A. Transport is access - to work, education, goods and services, friends and family - and there are proven techniques to improve access while simultaneously reducing environmental and social impacts, and managing traffic congestion.1. Environmentally sustainable transporta. Transport systems are major emitters of greenhouse gases with about three quarters coming from road vehicles.b. The environmental impacts of transport can be reduced by improving the walking and cycling environment in cities, and by enhancing the role of public transport, especially electric rail.c. Green public transport vehicles including electric trains, trams and electric buses combine the advantages of green vehicles with those of sustainable transport choices.d. The most common green transport choice, with the least environmental impact is walking.2. Transport and social sustainability.a. Cities with overbuilt roadways have experienced unintended consequences, linked to radical drops in public transport, walking, and cycling.b. An increase in sedentary lifestyles, causing and complicating a national epidemic of obesity, and accompanying dramatically increased healthcare costs.3. Cities and sustainable transporta. Cities are shaped by their transport systems.b. The location and layout of cities is shaped around a walkable center, often located near a port or waterway, and with suburbs accessible by animal transport or, later, by rail or tram lines.B. A sustainable city, or eco-city is a city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, transportation, air pollution, and water pollution.

1. As major focus of the sustainable cities, sustainable transportation attempts to reduce a citys use of greenhouse emitting gases by utilizing eco friendly urban planning, low environmental impact vehicles, and residential proximity to create an urban center that has greater environmental responsibility and social equity.a. Currently, transportation systems account for nearly a quarter of the worlds energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission.b. Three main ways cities can innovate to make transport more sustainable without increasing journey times - better land use planning, modal shift to encourage people to choose more efficient forms of transport, and making existing transport modes more efficient.2. Emphasis on proximitya. Created by eco friendly urban planning, the concept of urban proximity is an essential element of current and future sustainable transportation systems.b. cities should be built and added onto with appropriate population and landmark density so that destinations are reached with reduced time in transit.c. reduced time in transit allows for reduced fuel expenditure and also opens the door to alternative means of transportation such as bike riding and walking.3. Diversity in modes of transportationa. Sustainable transportation emphasizes the use of a diversity of fuel-efficient transportation vehicles in order to reduce greenhouse emissions and diversity fuel demand.b. the increasingly expensive cost of energy. c. different modes of transportation.d. the creation of centralized bike and walking paths remains a staple of the sustainable transportation movement.4. Transportation accessa. implementing sustainable transportation must include access to transportation by all levels of society.b. In order to make public transportation more accessible, the cost of rides must be affordable and stations must be located no more than walking distance in each part of the city. 5. Creating a Sustainable city with a reliable sustainable transportation system.a. how are cities designedb. what does land shape have to do with designc. how does population affect designd. transportation

Each Lesson will be divided up as follows:2-5 minute hookComment by Brian Housand: I like how you are dividing this up. 10-1510-15 minutes of teaching content for that day.20-30 minutes Car of the Future. For technology we will use Augmented Reality. 10-2015-20 minutes Building a Green City Simulation.5 minutes Building a Car online: http://www.abcya.com/create_and_build_car.htm

15-20 minutes on Sketchup HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make5 minute wrap-up on what they learned.Comment by Liz Fogarty: I like this too. I like that you are conscious of how

LESSON #1Past & Present of Transportation

I. DEFINE OBJECTIVES AND CONTENT

LESSON OBJECTIVEStudents will learnbe able to: Understand that creating a reliable transportation system for the future is important. modes of transportation from the past to the present. Understand the pros and cons of adopting new technologies or Alternative fuels to replace existing gasoline-powered vehicles.

Describe the environmental impact of alternative fuels.

Create and Budget a sustainable city while solving real-world problems.

Research, develop, and create a proposal to decrease the carbon footprint of their citys transportation system through the use of various new technologies and/or alternative fuels.

Prepare a report that explains why their transportation plan is the best one for their community. They will have a better understanding for the word sustainable.

POINT TO PONDERTransportation is the center of the worldnegatively or positively affects our daily lives.Comment by Brian Housand: Hmm Interesting. I feel like you are just scratching the surface here.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONWhy is transportation important to us?

CONTENTOutline the content you will teach in this lesson. Comment by Brian Housand: You should take the content from the outline and put it here. This is easy to fix. Today students will learn different modes of transportation. They will learn how walking was the first mode of transportation and all of the different modes of transportation we use globally. II. The past, present, and future of transportation.B. History of Transportation2. Different modes of Transportation in the Past.h. Walking was the first mode of transportation and is the most sustainable.i. Horses and Carriages were used for travel.j. Pedal bicycles date from the 1860s. These were the only personal transport choices available to most people in Western countries prior to World War II, and remain the only options for most people in developing countries.k. Public transport dates back at least as far as the invention of the public bus in 1662.l. The First Transcontinental Railroad (known originally as the "Pacific Railroad" and later as the "Overland Route") was a 1,907-mile railroad line constructed between 1863 and 1869.m. Between 1950 -1979 major highways and/or interstates were developed around the world. n. Relatively low and stable oil prices during the 1980s and 1990s led to significant increases in vehicle travel from 19802000, because people chose to travel by car more often and for greater distances.

B. Present Day Transportation2. Different modes of Transportation in the present.e. The most common road vehicle is the automobile, a wheeled passenger vehicle that carries its own motor.f. Air transport is the second fastest method of transport.g. Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail track, known as a railway or railroad.h. Water transport is the process of transport that a watercraft, such as a barge, boat, ship or sailboat.

C. Future Transportation2. Different modes of Transportation in the Futurec. Many ideas exist which try to either harness renewable forms of energy, more efficiently use fossil fuel, or use human power, or some hybrid of these, to move people and things.d. Examples of some future ideas. (Students will come up with their own ideas). flying car sky tram moving sidewalks jet-powered packs

II. PRE-PLANNING

What will students UNDERSTAND as a result of this lesson? How does this connect to the Essential Question? What makes a transportation system reliable?The History of transportation has evolved but making a greener transportation city was not on the minds of inventors at the time.Comment by Brian Housand: I am confused as to why you have questions here. You should phrase this as statements. Can every city have public transportation?Present day transportation is convenient and engineers have found ways to make them more sustainable.Where would a public transportation city not be available?What is your favorite mode of transportation and why?The future of transportation depends on your generation.

Students will learn that transportation is not only important in their town but how it impacts them globally.

What will students be able to DO as a result of this lesson?Students will be able to discuss and answer the following questions:What is sustainable transportation?Why is transportation important?Building a Green City Simulation: Students will start planning for a reliable transportation system by creating a futuristic city with the purchase of roads and parks.Comment by Brian Housand: OK, this is a start, but break this down into its parts. Car of the Future: Student teams research and develop a proposal to decrease the carbon footprint of their city's public transportation system through the use of various new technologies and/or alternative fuels. Students prepare a report that explains why their transportation plan is the best one for their community.They will start their 3d model of a futuristic vehicle through SketchUp.

III. PLANNING

HOOKDescribe how you will grab students attention at the beginning of the lesson. BE CREATIVE.TIME:We will show the following video clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkyLnWm1iCsOriginal scene from the first Back To The Future 2 movie. Play the video and end at 2:50. Before the students watch the video ask them to notice the modes of transportation. Ask what their perspective is on the videos interpretation of transportation?39 seconds HYPERLINK "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PPf3aaZmUw" \h https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PPf3aaZmUwVideo of the Flintstones theme song.Comment by Brian Housand: I think I understand where you are going here, but there is not very much to discuss. Is there more than just the foot powered vehicle that you are wanting them to identify? I think that you could come up with a much better start to your entire unit. I would have guessed that you were going to go with a clip from Back to the Future Part II. Before we begin the video ask the students to watch for modes of transportation.Comment by Liz Fogarty: Or perhaps you could juxtapose the Flintstones clip with a clip from the Jetsons and talk about the differences.

INSTRUCTIONExplain Step-by-step what you will do in this lesson. Be explicit about ties to Points to Ponder, Essential Question, and, and Interactions here. Of Include ALL support and teaching materials with your unit. TIME: (10-15 minutes) Past & Present of TransportationStudents will play a Timeline game. (Its a powerpoint named Timeline of Transportation- We will print out the slides to make into cards for the students to put in order, We will than show the powerpoint to check their timeline). Students will be given cards with different kinds of transportation on them. They will work together to create a timeline. As we work on the timeline - HYPERLINK "http://obxwest.edu.glogster.com/glog-from-fayetteville-us-mar-23-2015/" \h http://obxwest.edu.glogster.com/glog-from-fayetteville-us-mar-23-2015/This presentation was made on Glogster. As we teachwe will discuss each card the content and go over the boxes we will ask the studentsand how it has improved transportation today or in the future? We will also ask the following questions:What other modes of transportation do you see missing?How is transportation important to daily life?The following website shows the timeline for cars: https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-history-of-cars--9

As you watch the video-Do you sense that air transportation is vital? Why or Why not?

We will teach them that Sustainable Transport is sometimes known as Green Transport and it is any form of transport that does not use or rely on dwindling natural resources. Instead it relies on renewable or regenerated energy rather than fossil fuels that have a finite life expectancy. We will use the following lesson found on this website: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car.htmlComment by Liz Fogarty: Sounds good. How would you teach them this?

(20-30 minutes) Car of the future Students will be investigating the benefits and drawbacks of a different new technology or an alternative fuel option. After each team has presented its findings, the class will decide as a full committee which option to choose for the city's public transportation system.The Lesson**Ask students what they think the term "going green" means. What have students or their family members done at home, work, or school to help sustain the planet's natural resources? Brainstorm with students some things they could do to achieve this goal. Ask if any of their family members currently drives an alternative-fuel-powered vehicle. If so, how does it work?

We will show them the following Slide Show: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/history-innovative-auto.htmlThe slide show talks about the following: With fuel costs and concerns about the environment rising, consumers and governments are looking for a new kind of automobile. Ironically, some of the technologies that could drive the car of the future have been around for a century. In this slide show, explore nine automotive innovations that arose from the fertile minds of early engineers.

Topic that we will teach:The United States consumes 25 percent of worldwide oil production, with passenger vehicles accounting for about 40 percent of that. Those same vehicles emit an estimated 400 metric tons of greenhouse gases each year that pollute the air and the environment, and that affect human health. Concerns about air pollution, carbon-dioxide emission, and U.S. dependence on imported oil, along with record-high gasoline prices, are driving research into non-petroleum-based fuels and technology. Currently, some of the most promising alternatives include hydrogen fuel cells, ethanol fuel, and electricity from batteries. In addition, car manufacturers are investigating modifications to existing gasoline-powered cars that can increase energy efficiency and reduce gasoline use.

**Provide each team with the Your City's Car of the Future handout and a piece of posterboard. Tell students they have been hired to help the city go green by decreasing the amount of CO2 emissions from public transportation in the community.

The community's objectives are to:-conserve natural resources.

-reduce the release of CO2 into the atmosphere.

-introduce a new technology or alternative fuel that is reliable, safe, and practical.

**Organize students into four teams to study and work on the objectives and options. Each team will investigate the benefits and drawbacks of a different new technology or an alternative fuel option. After each team has presented its findings, the class will decide as a full committee which option to choose for the city's public transportation system.

**Assign each student to one of the following teams:Team 1: hydrogen fuelTeam 2: ethanol fuelTeam 3: vehicle engineeringTeam 4: hybrid and electric cars

**Direct students to watch the video clips for their assigned topic. After each team has watched its video clip, have team members answer their team's focus questions, listed with their video clip (find answers in Assessment). Then address any questions students have about their topic and allow them a sufficient amount of time to do their research.

**Ask teams research their topics using the list of Web sites you provided them, supplemented by any resources they find on their own. Remind students to provide a list of references for the facts they use in their presentations, including the Web sites they use, the name of the person or organization sponsoring the Web site, and (if available) the last time the Web site content was Updated.

The students will prepare their report using Augmented Reality. Today we will show them a video that explains what Augmented Reality can do. http://www.ted.com/talks/matt_mills_image_recognition_that_triggers_augmented_reality?language=en

Video is 8 minutes long.

(We will do this on the last day of class)**After student teams are finished preparing their presentation, hold a mock town meeting. If possible, invite another class to view the presentations. They can act as townspeople and can help decide which transportation plan is best for the community. Have students debate the pros and cons of each plan. Encourage them to consider both short-term and long-term solutions, how each plan might be financed, and whether a combination of one or more of the new technologies or alternative fuels might make the most sense for the city.

**Conclude the activity by voting on which plan (or combination of plans) to adopt based on the evidence presented in the four team proposals. We will do this on the last day of class.**

(15-20 minutes)Day 1 Building a Green City Simulation Activity: The simulation activity can be 15-20 minutes each day. The simulation activity is to allow the students to budget their city and experience real world problems.

Students will work in pairsMaterials:pencils Calculator (one for each pair)Columnar pad (couple of sheets for each pair)Ruler/architect ruler (one for each pair)Yard stick (one for each pair)White Poster board with grid lines (1 sheet per pair)Eraser (one for each pair)Folder to store papersCardboard Magazine holder for each pairLaminated pictures (This is on a Microsoft word document titled Transportation System Purchases.)Comment by Brian Housand: Thanks for including this as a separate document. I did notice a typo on the price of the fire department for the town with the name H-O.

Todays lesson was on the history of transportation up to the present.Today they will learn how to start planning for a reliable transportation system by creating a futuristic city.Students will work in pairs.Hand out material.Explain that they will keep any papers or materials inside magazine holder.Explain that the architect ruler will be used for plotting roads, buildings, parks, etc., in order to fit to scale.They will draw a 20x25 inch rectangle on posterboard. This represents the land they have purchased. The posterboard allows the students to get a visualization of where they would place their cards (buildings, fire departments, etc)Comment by Brian Housand: I am confused as to what the students are actually doing here. How will they know how large to make each item on the poster? As you have it written, there does not seem to be a reason to use the poster. Students will give their City a name.Students will be given a starting budget of $20,000,000.They will write:Starting Budget $20,000,000 in their Columnar pad.Today they will buy road systems and parks.

(We will set up the laminated cards at a table and Kisha or myself will be the banker. Students will purchase items.)

(Real World Problems)After the students have purchased their road system and parks we will tell them that we were sent the following letters (We will read them aloud to the students):https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharing

1. A weather system stalled over your city and dumped a large amount of snow. After the snow melted large potholes formed. The asphalt roads had damage worth 10,000 in repairs. If you purchased Asphalt roads pay the bank $10,000. 2. The same system washed out dirt roads therefore you had to spend $8,000 in repairs. Pay the bank $8,000.3. The concrete that was used in building the roads would not mix properly and the company would not reimburse you for the amount paid. Therefore you had to take them to court. You were awarded $3,000 but you had to pay $1,500 in legal fees. 4. If you built 3 or more parks in your city you have been awarded $1,000,000 for having the most beautiful city with parks. Your city has also been featured on the national news which brought in more tourists therefore you city made financial gains this year. Comment by Brian Housand: I really like what you are going for here, but I am not sure what this is going to look like in action. I really want to talk with you about what this LOOKS like. Comment by Liz Fogarty: This simulation sounds really fascinating but Im having some trouble visualizing what this will look like and whether it will be sufficiently rigorous for them.

Wrap Up:2 Explain that the next couple of days they will purchase buildings, technology, and contractors to complete their city. They must be aware of how much they spend and what they need to have in order for them to have a reliable and functioning city and transportation system. For the Next few minutes have them think about all of the transportation systems they learned today and which ones will make their city flourish.Comment by Brian Housand: While this sounds intriguing, what will they be basing their decisions on? What makes a transportation system reliable?Can every city have public transportation?Where would a public transportation city not be available?What is your favorite mode of transportation and why?Is transportation the center of the world?

(15-20 minutes) Sketchup HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-makeStudents will create a futuristic mode of transportation to introduce at the end of the week to entice people to invest and purchase their creation. We will ask them to make one model but if they finish early we will ask them to make another mode of transportation.

5 minutes: Students may work online to create their car: http://www.abcya.com/create_and_build_car.htm(Explain to the students)-We are looking for new, creative, sustainable modes of transportation. We are looking for inspiring and innovative thinkers to come up with a one-of-a-kind vehicle for the future. As you create your city you will also be creating a futuristic vehicle on SketchUp. It can be any mode of transportation, for example: car, bus, plane, bicycle, etc. Your futuristic mode of transportation must answer the following:Is my vehicle sustainable and how?What can my vehicle do?How can I get people to buy my vehicle? Write a catchy blurb (1 paragraph) that will get people interested and make them want to buy the vehicle.

Today they will explore and get to know and understand how to use SktechUp.Comment by Brian Housand: How will you teach them to do this. You need to provide the instruction here.

ASSESSMENT(Performance Task) What will the students DO to demonstrate that they have mastered the content? Be specific and include actual assessment with unit materials. TIME: Students will answer the following questions:Team 1: hydrogen fuel3 What type of emissions do hydrogen fuel cells create? (Water vapor is the only emission.)Team 2: ethanol fuel4 Why do critics claim it takes more energy to make ethanol than the amount of energy you get out of it? (While ethanol is a cleaner fuel to burn than gasoline, critics claim that fossil fuels are used not only to produce the fertilizer and pesticides used in cultivating the corn, but also to ferment the corn sugar needed to make the ethanol.)Team 3: vehicle engineering5 How much of the energy stored in gasoline is lost through friction? (Almost half the energy of an engine's combustion chamber is lost to friction as pistons rub against the walls of the cylinder.)Team 4: hybrid and electric cars6 How does a hybrid car work? (A hybrid relies on both gasoline and electricity. When the car idles, it uses electricity. At speeds where it is most efficient, the car switches to gasoline. The batteries are being charged while the car is using gasoline.)

Use the following rubric to assess each team's work.

ExcellentSatisfactoryNeeds Improvement

ResearchStudents use resources effectively to answer the focus questions and develop their presentation. They include detailed descriptions of the new technology or alternative fuel, as well the benefits and drawbacks.Students need assistance while viewing the clips and/or using additional resources. They are able to develop their presentation but may provide less detailed descriptions and/or arguments.Students have difficulties viewing the clips and using the additional resources. They cannot provide detailed descriptions of their assigned topic.

PresentationStudents develop a complete and persuasive presentation that accurately presents information about their new technology or alternative fuel. They are able to answer additional questions about their fuel source during the presentation.Students create a presentation, but it is only partly complete or not totally accurate. They may not be able to answer additional questions about their fuel source during the presentation.Students make little effort to create an effective presentation. They cannot answer additional questions about their new technology or alternative fuel during the presentation.

We will use formative assessment. We will ask higher-level order questions throughout the lessons. Comment by Brian Housand: You need to specify what these are. You have not really included an assessment here.

Homework:Look around your neighborhood or city and sketch, take a picture, or summarize what your roads look like when you leave today? They may upload their findings on our website.Comment by Brian Housand: There is a lot that could be done here.

DOES THE ASSESSMENT ALLOW YOU TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE STUDENTS HAVE MET YOUR STATED LESSON OBJECTIVE? YES OR NO

ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALSInsert ALL materials here including Assessments and Instructional Materials.Explicitly LIST any additional files for this lesson. Be sure that ALL materials have been submitted for this lesson. Materials:Real Word Situations Google Slide: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharingSlide Show: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/history-innovative-auto.html

pencils Calculator (one for each pair)Columnar pad (couple of sheets for each pair)Ruler/architect ruler (one for each pair)Yard stick (one for each pair)White Poster board with grid lines (1 sheet per pair)Eraser (one for each pair)Folder to store papersCardboard Magazine holder for each pairLaminated pictures (This is on a Microsoft word document titled Transportation System Purchases.)Timeline Card Game

IPads for each student or at least every two students for Augmented Reality.

Videos:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkyLnWm1iCs

http://www.ted.com/talks/matt_mills_image_recognition_that_triggers_augmented_reality?language=enAugmented Reality Video

Car of the Future Website for resources and Handout: HYPERLINK "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PPf3aaZmUw" \h https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PPf3aaZmUw

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car.htmlGlogster: HYPERLINK "http://obxwest.edu.glogster.com/glog-from-fayetteville-us-mar-23-2015/" \h http://obxwest.edu.glogster.com/glog-from-fayetteville-us-mar-23-2015/

SketchUp: HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make

Multimedia ResourcesNOVA Program Clips QuickTime or Windows Media Video (4 segments, 8-10 minutes each)Team 1: Hydrogen Fuel Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_01.html

Team 2: Ethanol Fuel Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_02.html

Team 3: Vehicle Engineering Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_03.html

Team 4: Hybrid and Electric Cars Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_04.html

LESSON #2Future Transportation


LESSON OBJECTIVEStudents will be able to:

Students will learn discuss how technology is improving our futures by building smart cities.Comment by Brian Housand: How is this measurable?

Understand that creating a reliable transportation system for the future is important.

Understand the pros and cons of adopting new technologies or Alternative fuels to replace existing gasoline-powered vehicles.




Prepare a report that explains why their transportation plan is the best one for their community.

POINT TO PONDERFuture transportation has to be designed to fit the needs of travelers and to fit the designs of cities around the world. The way you travel today will not be the way you travel tomorrow.Comment by Brian Housand: There is not much to ponder here.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONHow can technology create sustainable transportation?Is technology the key to sustainable transportation and to cities of the future?Comment by Brian Housand: This is a YES or NO question. Rephrase this.

CONTENTOutline the content you will teach in this lesson. Comment by Brian Housand: This should come from your content OUTLINE. This is easy to fix. Future transportation has to be designed to fit the needs of travelers and to fit the designs of cities around the world. Future transportation has to be designed to move around in rural and urban areas. Population has to do with how future transportation has to be designed.II. Sustainable Transportation refers to the broad subject of transport that is sustainable in the senses of social, environmental and climate impacts and the importance of transportation in a city locally and globally.B. Transport is access - to work, education, goods and services, friends and family - and there are proven techniques to improve access while simultaneously reducing environmental and social impacts, and managing traffic congestion.2. Environmentally sustainable transporte. Transport systems are major emitters of greenhouse gases with about three quarters coming from road vehicles.f. The environmental impacts of transport can be reduced by improving the walking and cycling environment in cities, and by enhancing the role of public transport, especially electric rail.g. Green public transport vehicles including electric trains, trams and electric buses combine the advantages of green vehicles with those of sustainable transport choices.h. The most common green transport choice, with the least environmental impact is walking.2. Transport and social sustainability.c. Cities with overbuilt roadways have experienced unintended consequences, linked to radical drops in public transport, walking, and cycling.d. An increase in sedentary lifestyles, causing and complicating a national epidemic of obesity, and accompanying dramatically increased healthcare costs.3. Cities and sustainable transportc. Cities are shaped by their transport systems.d. The location and layout of cities is shaped around a walkable center, often located near a port or waterway, and with suburbs accessible by animal transport or, later, by rail or tram lines.

II. PRE-PLANNING

What will students UNDERSTAND as a result of this lesson? How does this connect to the Essential Question? Students will learn that technology is advancing in order for cities to become self-sufficient. Its not just here in America but it is a global event. Countries rely on better transportation systems and this is how we attain resources through transportation. Comment by Brian Housand: I am not really understanding this sentence. This connects to the essential question because technology is advancing at such a high pace and new and improved modes of transportation areis allowing us to travel to more places, faster speeds. They are doing this as our population grows.

What will students be able to DO as a result of this lesson?Students will be able to research, collect, and summarize from various websites about their Car of the Future.Students will use Google Earth to look at the 10 ten green cities of the world.

III. PLANNING

HOOKDescribe how you will grab students attention at the beginning of the lesson. BE CREATIVE.TIME:Google Slide Show: Futuristic Transportationhttps://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1jTMVgWNz-ZnjjUv1RBpuCHhSE4noesayaGbVd3Dtzwg/pub?start=false&loop=false&delayms=3000

Before students watch the video have them list all the cool technology ideas that they spot in the video. After the video discuss how this technology is changing the world? How could it involve transportation and what is their perspective on technology and transportation?

INSTRUCTIONExplain Step-by-step what you will do in this lesson. Be explicit about ties to Points to Ponder, Essential Question, and Interactions here. Include ALL support and teaching materials with your unit. TIME:

(30-20 minutes) Car of the FutureStudents will be investigating the benefits and drawbacks of a different new technology or an alternative fuel option. After each team has presented its findings, the class will decide as a full committee which option to choose for the city's public transportation system.The LessonA hydrogen fuel cell is a device that turns the chemical energy in a fuel directly into electricity. The waste product is water. A single cell consists of a sandwich of two metallic plates with a plastic membrane between them. Hydrogen-rich fuel (derived from gasoline, natural gas, propane, or methanol) is fed to one side of the cell, where it combines with atmospheric oxygen to produce electricity and water. Numerous cells are packed together into a "stack" that can generate enough voltage to power a vehicle or some other electric device. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are more efficient than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and produce no harmful tailpipe exhaust. However, extremely high manufacturing costs, fuel-supply problems, fuel storage problems, limited mileage ability, and cold-temperature sensitivity mean that a mass-market fuel cell vehicle probably won't be available for at least 1020 yearsperhaps much longer.











(10-15 minutes) Future City & Transportation

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/future-transportation.html

Show them the following video from abc news 4:04 minutes: Show them the following video from ABC news 4:04 minutes: http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/city-future-11132168The video follows a Real Estate developer, stand Gale, as he develops the very first city of the future in Seoul, Korea. Stan Gale took 15 acres of swampland to create this future city. The cost is 35 billion dollars and he discusses who he needed to make this a success and how he is landscaping the city. Ask the following questions:Why do you think it cost so much to build this city?What kind of materials is he using for the buildings?Why does he want everything to be easy access from foot or by bike?What makes it a green city?What will make this city a success?This video was created on ed.ted.com HYPERLINK "http://ed.ted.com/on/YsyMjbaA" \h http://ed.ted.com/on/YsyMjbaA

The video follows a Real Estate developer, stand Gale, as he develops the very first city of the future in Seoul, Korea. Stan Gale took 15 acres of swamp land to create this future city. The cost is 35 billion dollars and he discusses who he needed to make this a success and how he is landscaping the city. Ask the following questions:Why do you think it cost so much to build this city?What kind of materials is he using for the buildings?Why does he want everything to be easy access from foot or by bike?What makes it a green city?What will make this city a success?

(15-20 minutes)Day 2 Building A Green City Simulation Activity: The simulation activity can be 15-20 minutes each day. The simulation activity is to allow the students to budget their city and experience real world problems. Google Slide show: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharing

Students will work in pairsMaterials:pencils Calculator (one for each pair)Columnar pad (couple of sheets for each pair)Ruler/architect ruler (one for each pair)Yard stick (one for each pair)White Poster board with grid lines (1 sheet per pair)Eraser (one for each pair)Folder to store papersCardboard Magazine holder for each pairLaminated pictures (This is on a Microsoft word document titled Transportation System Purchases.)

They need to be mindful that in order for their city to attract residents they have to think about what attracts residents to their city.To get a better understanding of a budget-Students will look online and view Greenvilles 2014- 2015 Budget and 2015-16 Financial Plan. Pg. 16 shows the breakdown: http://www.greenvillenc.gov/home/showdocument?id=7813Comment by Brian Housand: Hmm I like what you are going for here, but I am not sure how this relates to transportation? What type of transportation will you offer?Today they will purchase their transportation systems and hire contractors to install their transportation system and build homes. ***They will choose from the following which is on a microsoft document which will be printed and laminated for students to purchase and keep on their poster boards.***Comment by Brian Housand: I am still confused about what this really means. You need to include some more details about your simulation. (Real World Problems) After the students have purchased their contractors and homes we will tell them that we were sent the following letters (We will read them aloud to the students):

1. If you purchased the Taxicab system you will receive a bonus of $25,000 due to government appreciation that showed that the taxicab company has made their cabs into hybrid cabs. 2. If you hired the A-1 Contractors you have lost $48,000 due to the company going bankrupt. You will have to hire a new contractor. 3. If you hired the Thumbtastic Contractors- You will have to hire a new contractor plus you will have to pay a fine of $2,000 for not getting the correct building permits.4. The economy is doing great and people are buying houses. Therefore you will receive the following:a. If you built a Victorian Cottage you will receive a profit of $25,000 for each house built.b. If you built a Traditional Home you will receive a profit of 35,000 for each house built.c. If you built a New Age Modern home you will receive a profit of 45,000 for each house built.d. If you built a Tiny home you will receive a profit of 20,000 for each house built.e. If you built a Beach Retreat home you will receive a profit of 45,000 for each house built but due to the fact its a Beach home you must have Flood Insurance, therefore you must pay $10,000 for each home.f. If you built a Self-efficient home you will receive a profit of 75,000 for each house built due to the fact it makes its own energy and you dont have to pay for electric.

Wrap up-How much money does your group have left?-Do you think you made purchases that will help your city grow? Why or Why not?

(15-20 minutes) 5 minutes: Students may work online to create their car: http://www.abcya.com/create_and_build_car.htmSketchup HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-makeStudents will continue to work on their 3D model. As you create your city you will also be creating a futuristic vehicle on SketchUp. It can be any mode of transportation, for example: car, bus, plane, bicycle, etc. Your futuristic mode of transportation must answer the following:Is my vehicle sustainable and how?What can my vehicle do?How can I get people to buy my vehicle? Comment by Brian Housand: I am not sure how this is related. Due on the Last Day of Camp: Write a catchy blurb (1 paragraph) that will get people interested and make them want to buy the vehicle.

ASSESSMENT(Performance Task) What will the students DO to demonstrate that they have mastered the content? Be specific and include actual assessment with unit materials. TIME: Students will answer the following questions:

Team 1: hydrogen fuelWhat are the dangers of using hydrogen as a fuel? (Hydrogen is an extremely volatile element.)

Team 2: ethanol fuelWhat is cellulosic biomass, and why is it important in the quest to use ethanol as an alternative fuel? (Cellulosic biomass is the woody structure that supports plants. It is important because it could someday be harvested and manufactured without any burning of fossil fuel.)

Team 3: vehicle engineeringDoes a car have to be heavy in order to be safe? Explain. (No. Carbon-fiber composite cars can be lightweight while still being strong.)

Team 4: hybrid and electric carsHow can solar energy help fuel hybrid cars? (Energy from the sun can be collected by solar cells and stored in batteries.)





We will use formative assessment. We will ask higher-level order questions throughout the lessons. Comment by Brian Housand: Again, you need to specify this on each day.

Homework: What modes of transportation do you notice on your way home? You may Sketch your examples, take a picture or write a summary.They may upload their findings on our website.

DOES THE ASSESSMENT ALLOW YOU TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE STUDENTS HAVE MET YOUR STATED LESSON OBJECTIVE? YES OR NO

ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALSInsert ALL materials here including Assessments and Instructional Materials.Explicitly LIST any additional files for this lesson. Be sure that ALL materials have been submitted for this lesson. Materials:Real Word Situations Google Slide: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharingpencils Calculator (one for each pair)Columnar pad (couple of sheets for each pair)Ruler/architect ruler (one for each pair)Yard stick (one for each pair)White Poster board with grid lines (1 sheet per pair)Eraser (one for each pair)Folder to store papersCardboard Magazine holder for each pairLaminated pictures (This is on a Microsoft word document titled Transportation System Purchases.)

Google Slide Show: Futuristic Transportationhttps://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1jTMVgWNz-ZnjjUv1RBpuCHhSE4noesayaGbVd3Dtzwg/pub?start=false&loop=false&delayms=3000

Ted.Ed Video: Show them the following video from abc news 4:04 minutes: http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/video/city-future-11132168This video was created on ed.ted.com HYPERLINK "http://ed.ted.com/on/YsyMjbaA" \h http://ed.ted.com/on/YsyMjbaA

Greenvilles 2014- 2015 Budget and 2015-16 Financial Plan. Pg. 16 shows the breakdown: http://www.greenvillenc.gov/home/showdocument?id=7813

Car of the Future Website for resources and Handout: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car.html

Multimedia ResourcesNOVA Program Clips QuickTime or Windows Media Video (4 segments, 8-10 minutes each)

Team 1: Hydrogen Fuel Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_01.html



Team 4: Hybrid and Electric Cars Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_04.htmlSketchUp: HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make

LESSON #3Going Green!



Students will discuss how technology is improving our futures by building smart cities.






Prepare a report that explains why their transportation plan is the best one for their community.Students will journey across the world to discover what it looks like to be labeled a green city.Comment by Brian Housand: How is this a measureable objective?

POINT TO PONDERCreating a space that enhances and uses natural resources from the environment.Comment by Brian Housand: This is an incomplete sentence and there is nothing to ponder here.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONHow will alternative fuels help sustain the environment?What makes a city green or sustainable?Comment by Brian Housand: My major concern here is that you have not provided any content related to this question.

CONTENTComment by Brian Housand: Again, content needs to be outlined here. Outline the content you will teach in this lesson. B. A sustainable city, or eco-city is a city designed with consideration of environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, transportation, air pollution, and water pollution.

2. As major focus of the sustainable cities, sustainable transportation attempts to reduce a citys use of greenhouse emitting gases by utilizing eco friendly urban planning, low environmental impact vehicles, and residential proximity to create an urban center that has greater environmental responsibility and social equity.c. Currently, transportation systems account for nearly a quarter of the worlds energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission.d. Three main ways cities can innovate to make transport more sustainable without increasing journey times - better land use planning, modal shift to encourage people to choose more efficient forms of transport, and making existing transport modes more efficient.2. Emphasis on proximityd. Created by eco friendly urban planning, the concept of urban proximity is an essential element of current and future sustainable transportation systems.e. cities should be built and added onto with appropriate population and landmark density so that destinations are reached with reduced time in transit.f. Reduced time in transit allows for reduced fuel expenditure and also opens the door to alternative means of transportation such as bike riding and walking.Students will explore other green cities from around the world. Exploring how engineers create sustainable cities.

II. PRE-PLANNING

What will students UNDERSTAND as a result of this lesson? How does this connect to the Essential Question? Students will learn that a sustainable city not only helps Americans but its helps Earth. It iss a global responsibility and making our transportation systems cleaner, more reliable, and faster will improve society. Comment by Brian Housand: I think I have figured out the problem here. You are really talking about two related but different things here. The focus of your unit (as it is described) is transportation, but the idea of being a sustainable city is really getting in the way of you devoting attention to transportation.

What will students be able to DO as a result of this lesson?Students will be able to research, collect, and summarize from various websites about their Car of the Future.Students will purchase buildings, banks, police departments, fire stations, hospitals, and food stores for their city.Comment by Brian Housand: How does this relate to your topic?

III. PLANNING

HOOKDescribe how you will grab students attention at the beginning of the lesson. BE CREATIVE.TIME:(4:01)https://vimeo.com/31402984A video that explains what makes Portland, Oregon a green city. After the video we would ask the following questions: What makes Portland, Oregon a green city? Comment by Brian Housand: You are outlining some possible ways to guide the discussion. I am wondering if this is a really a hook as much as it is content. How are innovation and forward thinking laying the foundations for clean, green cities of the future?

INSTRUCTIONExplain Step-by-step what you will do in this lesson. Be explicit about ties to Points to Ponder, Essential Question, and Interactions here. Include ALL support and teaching materials with your unit. TIME: (10-15 minutes) Learning about Ethanol Fuel & Electricity Ethanol fuel is an alcohol (ethyl alcohol) fuel that can be made from very common renewable materials, such as sugar cane, corn, and cellulose, and is currently the most widely used alternative to gasoline. Ethanol has long been used in motor fuel, usually as an oxygenate additive or blended with gasoline, because ethanol emits less harmful air pollutants than gasoline does. The standard ethanol fuel is called E85, which is a blend of 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline. However, ethanol contains less energy per gallon than gasoline, so E85-powered vehicles get roughly 30 percent fewer miles per tankful than equivalent gasoline-powered vehicles. In addition, ethanol's lower fuel economy results in more carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions than a similar gasoline vehicle gives off.Electricity can be used to power electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Vehicles that run solely on electricity produce no tailpipe emissions. (The only emissions that can be attributed to electricity are those generated in the production process at the power plant.) Electric vehicles operate with electricity that is stored in a battery that must be recharged. They can be plugged into an electricity source wherever there is a suitable outlet. One of the disadvantages of an all-electric vehicle is that it has limited range (about 4080 miles between charges). Hybrid electric vehicles typically combine the internal combustion engine of a conventional vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle. The combination offers low emissions, with the power, range, and convenient fueling of conventional (gasoline and diesel) vehicles. Unlike electric vehicles, hybrids don't need to be plugged in. Instead, the engine charges the battery while the vehicle is in use.Exploring Green Cities HYPERLINK "https://www.google.com/earth/" \h https://www.google.com/earth/

Students will use Google Earth to explore Seoul, Korea and locate Sangdo, Korea and see how much they have accomplished thus far. They will also look at the top 10 green cities in the United States: HYPERLINK "http://www.mnn.com/health/allergies/photos/top-10-green-us-cities/10-austin-texas" \h http://www.mnn.com/health/allergies/photos/top-10-green-us-cities/10-austin-texasPortland, Ore.San Francisco, CalifBoston, Mass.Oakland, Calif.Eugene, Ore.Cambridge, Mass.Berkeley, Calif.Seattle, WashingtonChicago, ILAustin, Texas

The Top 10 Green cities in the world: HYPERLINK "http://www.greenuptown.com/get-to-know-the-top-ten-greenest-cities-in-the-world-for-2014/" \h http://www.greenuptown.com/get-to-know-the-top-ten-greenest-cities-in-the-world-for-2014/1. Vancouver, Canada2. Cape Town, South Africa3. Abu Dhabi, UAE4. Adelaide, Australia5. Dallas, Texas6. Copenhagen, Denmark7. Portland, Oregon8. Oslo, Norway9. Freiburg, Germany10. Zermatt, SwitzerlandAs the students explore the areas we want them to answer the following questions:What makes this a green city?Comment by Brian Housand: Where will they get this information from? What form of transportation does the city offer?What is the outline of the city?Comment by Brian Housand: I am not sure what you mean here. How many green spaces do I see?Comment by Brian Housand: Will they really be able to define this easily? I would guess there would be hundreds in each of these cities. What do the buildings look like?Comment by Brian Housand: Not sure where you are going with this.

(15-20 minutes)Day 3 Building a Green City Simulation Activity:Google Slide show: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharingToday students explored what makes a city eco-friendly and how the citys layout contributes to a greener space. Students will purchase buildings, banks, police departments, fire stations, hospitals, and food stores for their city.Students must keep in mind the following questions when building their city: Is the layout of your city appealing to residents?Is their easy access to public transportation?About how many people live in your city?How many residents will own their own vehicles?How can your get residents contribute to making your city ecofriendly?

(Real World Problems) https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharing

After the students have purchased their buildings and parks we will tell them that we were sent the following letters (We will read them aloud to the students):1. If you purchased the (Mix of Organic & retail grocery) pay the bank $15,000 due to the fact that they had to recall all of their produce and meats. 2. If your city name begins with the letter P-Z you purchased the police Department that has the K-9 unit. Unfortunately one of the K-9s accidentally bit a friendly bystander therefore you have to go to court. The city must pay $20,000 in legal fees and to the incident victim. 3. If your city name begins with the letter H-O and you purchased the hospital you will receive $250,000 from an anonymous donor. If your city name begins with the letter A-G you will have to buy a new firetruck. It was one of the driest seasons and someone had started a fire in the woods of your town. The fire truck was fighting the fire when it got stuck in a ditch. The firemen had to leave the truck and unfortunately, the fire consumed it. Pay $150,000 for a new Fire truck.

Wrap up:How much money does your group have left? Still on budget (20,000,000)?Comment by Brian Housand: Still on budget for what? Initially there was $20,000,000 is this what you are talking about? Is the layout of your city appealing to residents? Using the posterboardComment by Brian Housand: How would this be measured? You have not really provided any guidelines as to how this should be managed. Is thereir easy access to public transportation?Comment by Brian Housand: I do not understand how students would come up with this information. About how many people live in your city?How many residents will own personal vehicles?

(15-20 minutes) (15-20 minutes) Car of the FutureStudents will be investigating the benefits and drawbacks of a different new technology or an alternative fuel option. After each team has presented its findings, the class will decide as a full committee which option to choose for the city's public transportation system.











5 minutes: Students may work online to create their car: http://www.abcya.com/create_and_build_car.htmSketchup HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-makeStudents will continue to work on their 3D model. As you create your city you will also be creating a futuristic vehicle on SketchUp. It can be any mode of transportation, for example: car, bus, plane, bicycle, etc. Your futuristic mode of transportation must answer the following:Is my vehicle sustainable and how?What can my vehicle do?How can I get people to buy my vehicle? Due on the Last Day of Camp: Write a catchy blurb (1 paragraph) that will get people interested and make them want to buy the vehicle.

ASSESSMENT(Performance Task) What will the students DO to demonstrate that they have mastered the content? Be specific and include actual assessment with unit materials. TIME: 5-10 minutesStudents will answer the following questions:

Team 1: hydrogen fuelWhat would be the challenge for the United States if it were to convert to hydrogen-fueled vehicles? (Developing an infrastructure for hydrogen fuel.)

Team 2: ethanol fuelHow are bacteria involved in the production of ethanol? (One species of bacteria tears the cellulose apart to release the sugar; another turns the sugar into ethanol.)

Team 3: vehicle engineeringWhy would it be difficult for large automakers to produce cars with carbon-fiber bodies? (Carbon fiber is expensive, and molding it into car parts is labor intensive.)

Team 4: hybrid and electric carsName one drawback of all-electric vehicles. (All-electric vehicles require a lot of batteries to go long distances on a single charge.)





We will use formative assessment. We will ask higher-level order questions throughout the lessons. How much money does your group have left? Still on budget?Comment by Brian Housand: I am happy to see that you have some questions here, but you have not specified as to how they are going to be assessed. Is the layout of your city appealing to residents?Is their easy access to public transportation?About how many people live in your city?How many residents will own personal vehicles?

Homework: Look around your neighborhood or city and sketch, take a picture, or summarize how the buildings look like, how many parks do you see, is there a lot of people using different modes of transportation? Would you consider the town you live in to be eco-friendly?Comment by Brian Housand: We really try to discourage homework. That being said, I do like how you are phrasing this as to have students look for things in the community. They may upload their findings on our website.

DOES THE ASSESSMENT ALLOW YOU TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT THE STUDENTS HAVE MET YOUR STATED LESSON OBJECTIVE? YES OR NOComment by Brian Housand: Well, which is it?

ASSESSMENT AND INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALSInsert ALL materials here including Assessments and Instructional Materials.Explicitly LIST any additional files for this lesson. Be sure that ALL materials have been submitted for this lesson.

Video: (4:01)https://vimeo.com/31402984

Google Earth: HYPERLINK "https://www.google.com/earth/" \h https://www.google.com/earth/

Internet site: The Top 10 Green cities in the world: HYPERLINK "http://www.greenuptown.com/get-to-know-the-top-ten-greenest-cities-in-the-world-for-2014/" \h http://www.greenuptown.com/get-to-know-the-top-ten-greenest-cities-in-the-world-for-2014/

Materials:Real Word Situations Google Slide: https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1pxzqe-x8d4aEPgbiCtuJi1V6vOryoRHBPz2i7kV5R0c/edit?usp=sharingpencils Calculator (one for each pair)Columnar pad (couple of sheets for each pair)Ruler/architect ruler (one for each pair)Yard stick (one for each pair)White Poster board with grid lines (1 sheet per pair)Eraser (one for each pair)Folder to store papersCardboard Magazine holder for each pairLaminated pictures (This is on a Microsoft word document titled Transportation System Purchases.)

Car of the Future Website for resources and Handout: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car.html

Multimedia ResourcesNOVA Program Clips QuickTime or Windows Media Video (4 segments, 8-10 minutes each)Team 1: Hydrogen Fuel Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_01.html



Team 4: Hybrid and Electric Cars Web Resources http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/education/activities/3507_car_04.htmlSketchUp: HYPERLINK "http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make" \h http://www.sketchup.com/products/sketchup-make

LESSON #4Let your transportation take shape



Students will discuss how technology is improving our futures by building smart cities.






Prepare a report that explains why their transportation plan is the best one for their community. Students will learn how sustainable cities are created with a budget and how to accurately account for the money that they spent.

POINT TO PONDER Listen to the mustn'ts, child. Listen to the don'ts. Listen to the shouldn'ts, the impossibles, the won'ts. Listen to the never haves, then listen close to me... Anything can happen, child. Anything can be. HYPERLINK "https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/435477.Shel_Silverstein" \h Shel SilversteinWe want the students to think about how they can make a difference in their future.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONHow can we know what impact sustainable transportation will have around the world?Do you think your city has a sustainable transportation system and what makes it a sustainable city?Comment by Brian Housand: This is a YES or NO question. Rephrase.

CONTENTOutline the content you will teach in this lesson. Comment by Brian Housand: OUTLINE this content. Review of what they learned this week about the environment and creating a sustainable city and transportation system. The final product is having the students explain the importance of transportation and how it affects cities. Creating a sustainable city takes money, planning, experts and people willing to move into that city. What entices people to move to a particular city?

II. PRE-PLANNING

What will students UNDERSTAND as a result of this lesson? How does this connect to the Essential Question? The final product is having the students explain the importance of transportation and how it affects cities. Creating a sustainable city takes money,

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