ME451: INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

Even Semester

2014 2015

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Safety Policy

A written statement given by the management of any

organization stating its commitment to the protection of

health and safety of its employees and public and the

protection of the environment.

Safety Organisation

Purpose:

To create within every one, at all levels of the organisation,

a safety culture.

Types:

1.Those in which the safety work is carried on wholly

through the line organisation

2.Those in which the safety work is directed by a safety

director reporting to a major executive

3.Those in which the safety work is carried on primarily by

committees set up for the purpose

Safety Committee

Standing committees which form the policies andindicate the course of action to be taken.

Advise the safety engineering department for achieving abetter performance in promoting safety culture.

Employees representatives must also be included asmembers in these committees.

Safety Committee

Central Safety Committee

Department Safety Committee

Area Safety Committee

Accident Investigation

Plant Inspection

Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Safety stewards (Volunteers)

Budgeting for Safety

Safety promotional activities:

Safety education

Provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Systematic accident investigation

Safety plant inspection

Safety committees

Safety stewards and safety coordinators

Safety incentive

Safety library

Safety publications

Safety services - other industries and institutions

Role of the Supervisor in Workplace Safety and Health

Safety and health professionals cannot do their jobs effectively without the fullcooperation and day-to-day assistance of first-line supervisors.

Supervisors and safety professionals must be partners when it comes to providing a safeand healthy workplace for employees.

Key responsibilities of supervisors relating to workplace safety and health include the following:

Orienting new employees to the safe way to do their jobs

Ensuring that new and experienced employees receive the safety and health trainingthey need on a continual basis

Monitoring employee performance and enforcing safety rules and regulations

Assisting safety and health professionals in conducting accident investigations

Assisting safety and health professionals in developing accident reports

Keeping up-to-date on safety issues

Setting a positive example for employees that says the safe way is the right way.

Accident CostsDirect Costs

Direct Costs

% of occupiers liability premium

% of increased premiums payable

Claims

Fines and damages awarded in courts

Court and legal representation costs

Accident CostsIndirect Costs

Treatment

First aid

Transport

Hospital

Lost time

Injured person

Management

Supervisor(s)

First Aiders

Other personsProduction

Lost production

Overtime payments

Damage to plant, equipment, structures, vehicles, etc.

Training and supervision of replacement labour

Investigation

Management

Safety adviser

Others e.g. safety representatives

Liaison with enforcement authority officers

Other costs

Ex-gratia payment to injured person

Replacement of personal items of:

(i) injured person

(ii) other persons

Other miscellaneous costs

Accident causation theoryDominos model by H.W.Heinrich

SAFETY TRAININGCreating Awareness

Creation of awareness on safety at all levels of the organization isimportant. For any safety program to be effective, it must be based onemployer and worker needs.

Creating awareness: Factors to be considered

Company Policy and Experience

Safety Policy

Existing activities such as committees, mass meetings, awardprograms, and contests should be used for the safety program.

Budget and Facilities

At first the safety program will require extra effort, time, andmoney.

Safety Committees, Safety Circles (Safety Campaign)

SAFETY TRAININGCreating Awareness

Types of employees

The types, backgrounds, and educational levels of employees mustbe considered when choosing safety promotion activities. Forexample, migrant workers frequently do not receive sufficient jobtraining.

Types of organization

When operations are widely scattered and diversified, as in theconstruction, railroad, marine, motor transport, sales, and airtransport industries, the job of selecting and disseminating safetyinformation becomes more complicated.

Basic Human Interest

SAFETY TRAININGWays to put six basic human interest factors to effective

use in promoting safety

SAFETY TRAININGAwards/Incentives/Recognition

The use of incentives, awards, and recognition to motivateemployees to perform safely is an accepted feature of bothOrganizational Behavioral Management (OBM) and TotalQuality Management (TQM) models.

In the OBM model, use of incentives to reinforce employeebehavior is critical to program success.

In TQM, rewards, promotions, and other incentives areused to recognize individuals for contributions to processimprovement.

SAFETY TRAININGCelebrations

At the group, team, or company level, special days or other functions are used to celebrate achievement.

National Safety Day in India: March 04 of every year

Celebrated in commemorating the birth of National Safety Council of India.

Safety pledges.

SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters

SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters

SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters

SAFETY TRAININGSafety Displays

SAFETY TRAININGMock drills