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Understanding

Figurative Language

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Recognize and

understand the

significance of various

literary devices, including

figurative language.

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What is

figurative

language?

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Figurative language

is

is language

that changes

the normal meaning

of words

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Figurative languageis not meant exactly as thedictionary definition of words would indicate

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Forexample. . .

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My heart is delicateas a doll

Her stomach was a beach ball

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Literal languageis the exact

definition

of words

Figurative languageexaggerates the

meanings of

words by using

comparisons

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Literal meaning:The lost dog ran across the yard.

The child hurried through

the mall like a lost dog.

Figurative meaning:

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Literal meaning:The zoo is loud and noisy.

The classroom is like a zoo.

Figurative meaning:

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There are two main types offigurative language

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A metaphorcompares two unlike things

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Her eyes are

diamonds

shining

brilliantly in

the nightMy heart is cold rain

After doing his homework, Joey is a zombie

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A simileuses the

connecting words like,

as, or thanto comparetwo unlike things

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Angie walked as

gracefully as a princess

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You will find metaphors and similes in. . .fiction and nonfiction

poetry and song lyrics

movies and TV dialogue

advertising

everyday language

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I am Superwoman

Yes, I am

When Im a mess,

I still put on a vest

With an S on my chest

Yes, Im a Superwoman

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Life is a journey. . .

Travel it well. . .

United Airlines

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Sleeping on a Sealy is like sleeping on a cloud

Sealy mattresses

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is like gravity

You see,

madness,as you know,

all it takes is a little push

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How are metaphors andsimiles different?

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(they use the words like, as, or than)

SimilesareEXPLICIT

Love is likea raging flame

MetaphorsareIMPLICIT(they DONTuse the words like, as, or than)

Love isa raging flame

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Metaphorsand similesare also called

figures of speech

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REMEMBERthat figurative language

is based on

comparisons

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Think about the

following passage

What is life being

compared to?

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LIFEis but a walking shadow, a poor player

That struts and frets his hour upon the stage,

And then is heard no more. It is a tale

Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,

Signifying nothing.

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In this passage, life is compared to. . .

(A) A circus and a zoo

(B) A journey that ends in death

(C) A lonely and empty desert

(D) A shadow, a player, and a tale

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Figurative language is. . .

visual

and descriptive,

and when used effectively,

it can evoke powerful images

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Death lurked

inside the

classroom,

ready to

explode like

a time bomb

To the gods, human

beings are simply flies

buzzing aimlessly

through the universe

The heat poked at Victors

body like a hypodermic needle

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Figurative language often

suggestsor revealsimportant

information about characters,events, settings, and other

elements in a story

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Mr. Black

looked like a

man who has

just opened

the wrong

Christmas

present

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This simile suggests that Mr. Black is. . .

(A) Excited

(B) Lonely

(C) Embarrassed

(D) Angry at Santa Claus

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This metaphor suggests that the Joker is. . .

(A) A handsome clown

(B) Good at catching cars

(C) Wild and out of control

(D) A poor driver

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How

sharper

than a

serpent 's

tooth i t is

to have a

thanklesschi ld!

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This simile suggests that having athankless child is. . .

(A) What every parent wants

(B) Painful

(C) Enjoyable

(D) Challenging

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communicate a

great deal of

meaning with

just a few words

encourage you to

think about

relationships and

comparisons

make ordinary

language seem

extraordinary

Similes and

metaphors can. . .

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Another type of

figurative language is

hyperbole

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A hyperboleis anexaggerated or

over-the-top

statement

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Hes got tons of money.

I will die if she asks me to dance.

I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.

I have told you a million times not to lie!

The weather is so hot it could melt your face.

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Hyperbolesare

used to create a

strong emotional

response

They are humorous or shocking

They are alsopopular in

advertising

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Red Bull

gives you wings

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Made from

the best stuffon Earth

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The ultimate driving machine

BMW

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DASANI water

Cant live without it

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Whether youre trying to identify

and understand

similes

metaphors

orhyperboles,

what you need to remember is this:beyond one meaning

They take us

and open up

new possibilities and avenues