Types of Energy
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Transcript of Types of Energy
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Energy The forms and Nature of…
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What is Energy?
The Ability to do work or cause change.Produce warmthProduce LightProduce Sound
Produce Movement
Produce Growth Powers
Technology
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Nature of Energy• Energy is all around you.
• You hear energy as sound, you see energy as light,
• you can feel energy in wind.
• Living organisms need energy for growth
• and movement.
• You use energy when you hit a tennis ball,
• compress a spring, or lift a grocery bag.
• Energy is the ability to do work
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States or Classes of Energy
Potential Kinetic
Stored energy or energy of position
Gravitational, stored mechanical, Nuclear, chemical
Energy of Motion
Motion, Electrical, Sound, Radiant,
Thermal
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What is Potential Energy?
oEnergy that is stored and waiting to be used later
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What is Gravitational Potential Energy?
o Potential energy due to an object’s position
o P.E. = mass x height x
gravity
Don’t look down, Rover!
Good boy!
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Changes in gravitational potential energy
For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:
If an object falls will it gain or lose gravitational potential energy?
If an object moves up will it gain or lose gravitational
potential energy?
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GPE=Wh
We can calculate the change in gravitational potential energy (GPE) for a moving object using the formula below:
Change in GPE = Weight x Change in height
GPE=Wh
GPE measured in Joules (J)
Weight measured in Newtons (N)
Height measured in Metres (m)
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Potential Energy•Stored Mechanical
•Chemical
•Nuclear Energy
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What is Kinetic Energy?
o Energy an object has due to its motion
o K.E. = .5(mass x speed2)
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KE=½m(v)²
We can calculate the kinetic energy (KE) for a moving object using the formula below:
Kinetic Energy = ½x mass x(velocity)2
KE=½mv2
KE measured in Joules (J)
Mass measured in Kilograms (Kg)
Velocity measured in Metres per second (ms)
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Forms of Energy
•Mechanical•Thermal•Chemical
ElectricalElectromagneticNuclear
Energy can be transferred, or
converted, from one form to
another!
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What is Mechanical Energy?
o Energy due to an object’s motion
(kinetic) or position (potential).
The bowling ball has mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is transferred
to the pins!
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Mechanical Energy
•Energy of motion or position•Sound, wind, waterfall, compressed spring•KE or PE•Not 100% efficient much lost to heat
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Examples of Mechanical Energy
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What is ElectromagneticEnergy?
o Light energy
o Includes energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light,
infrared rays, microwave and
radio bands
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Electromagnetic Energy•Light is a form of electromagnetic energy.•Each color of light (Roy G Bv) represents a different amount of electromagnetic energy.
•energy that travels in waves; have electrical and magnetic properties
•Electromagnetic Energy is also carried by X-rays, radio waves, and laser light.
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What is Electrical Energy?
o Energy caused by the movement of
electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines and converted into other forms of
energy
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Electrical Energy
•Moving electrical charges that produce electricity and energy.
Static ShockLighteningComputers/TVs/
RadiosLights from batteries, power lines,
lightning
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What is Chemical Energy?
o Energy that is available for release from
chemical reactions.
The chemical bonds in a matchstick
store energy that is transformed into thermal energy
when the match is struck.
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Chemical Energy
•Energy stored by chemical bonds in an object.
•When bonds are broken energy is released.
•PE only
•gasoline, food, coal, wood
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Examples of Chemical Energy
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Heat/Thermal Energy•The internal motion of an objects atoms and molecules.•Measured by temperature.•The faster particles move, the more thermal energy they have.•KE only
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What is Thermal Energy?o Heat energy
o The heat energy of an object determines how active its atoms are.
A hot object is one whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid
movement.
A cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less
movement.
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Heat Energy• The internal motion of the atoms is
called heat energy, because moving particles produce heat.
• Heat energy can be produced by friction.
• Heat energy causes changes in temperature and phase of any form of matter.
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Nuclear Power
• Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom RELEASED by fission
or fusion
SunStarsNuclear
Power Plant
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Nuclear Energy
•Energy stored in center(nucleus) of an atom•Fission (breaking apart)•Fusion (forming)•The sun•Most powerful•The nucleus of an atom is the source of nuclear energy.•PE only
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QUIZ TIME!What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven?ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven?MECHANICAL ENERGY
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QUIZ TIME!Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines.
When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
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QUIZ TIME!
What energy transformation occurs
when an electric lamp is turned on?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
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What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
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What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy
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What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical, Mechanical andElectromagnetic Energy
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What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
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What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy
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• Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a SYSTEM from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.
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Energy Transfer
Chemical
Electrical
Electrical
Electrical
Sound(mechanical)
Light(Electromagnetic)
ThermalMechanical