Types of Energy

TYPES OF ENERGYELECTRICAL ENERGY

LIGHT ENERGYSOUND ENERGY

THERMAL ENERGYCHEMICAL ENERGYNUCLEAR ENERGY

MECHANICAL ENERGYEach can be KINETIC ENERGY

Each can be POTENTIAL ENERGY

ELECTRICAL ENERGYThis is the energy of moving

electrons. It is a very useful form of energy, because it can be converted or changed into other forms. Wherever there is current flowing, there is ELECTRICAL ENERGY.

LIGHT ENERGYAnything LUMINOUS gives off LIGHT ENERGY. Some you can’t see from the EMS. The energy produced by the vibration of electrically charged particles. Things like the Sun, light-bulbs and candles give off light.

SOUND ENERGYAnything noisy (like you!) gives off SOUND ENERGY by vibrations. Eg. Vocal chords, speakers and musical instruments.

THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY

Everything has some heat energy – even blocks of ice! The hotter something is, the more THERMAL ENERGY it has. (the kinetic energy of moving particles.)

CHEMICAL ENERGYWhen chemical bonds are broken they can release energy. The energy stored in these chemical bonds is called CHEMICAL ENERGY eg.food, fuels and batteries.

NUCLEAR ENERGYEnergy is stored in the nucleus of atoms. When the nuclei are joined together or split apart, NUCLEAR ENERGY is released. Eg. Sun, nuclear power plants.

Nuclear fusionWhen atomic nuclei join together (fuse) it releases massive amounts of energy.

Fusion happens in the sun and other stars

MECHANICAL ENERGYThe total of both the potential and kinetic energy of an object is mechanical energy.

GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY

Anything that is above the ground has POTENTIAL ENERGY. This means that anything that can fall has GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY.

Changes in gravitational potential energy

For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:

If an object falls will it gain or

lose gravitational

potential energy?

If an object moves up will it

gain or lose gravitational

potential energy?

ELASTIC ENERGYAnything stretched has ELASTIC POTENTIAL ENERGY eg. Rubber bands, springs, knicker elastic.

Calculating PE

• GPE = mass * 9.8 m/sec² =• height

• PE = weight• height

KINETIC ENERGY• The energy of motion…

anything that moves possess kinetic energy.

What factors will increase the amount of kinetic energy a moving object has?

The velocity of the objectThe shape of the objectThe mass of the object

The height of the object

Calculating Kinetic EnergyKinetic energy depends on mass and speed.

KE = mv² 2What is the kinetic energy of a 20kg rock moving at speed of 10 k/sec? 20 * 100 = 2000 = 1000kg k/sec 2 2

What type of energy is stored in a coiled spring?

A.Sound

B.Kinetic

C.Elastic

D.Gravitational

What type of energy is stored in baked beans?

A. Sound

B. Gravitational

C. Chemical

D.Elastic

What type of energy is stored in coal, oil and natural gas?

A. Light

B. Heat

C. Sound

D.Chemical

Energy Conversions• Change of energy from one form to another.

Conservation of Energy

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.• Friction a force that opposes the motion

between 2 surfaces.