Two For the Price of One: Two For the Price of One: Comparatives and Using Adj. Comparatives and Using Adj.

and Adverbs Correctlyand Adverbs Correctly

Adjectives and Adverbs UnitAdjectives and Adverbs Unit

88thth Grade English Grade English

Get in here close, camera Get in here close, camera guy…guy…

Congratulations! Congratulations! For the next 24 hours, you…the For the next 24 hours, you…the

smart 8smart 8thth grader that you are…will grader that you are…will be the recipient of a HUGE deal.be the recipient of a HUGE deal.

Not only will you get ONE lesson…Not only will you get ONE lesson…you will get an ADDITIONAL you will get an ADDITIONAL lesson at lesson at no cost. no cost.

Yesterday…Yesterday…

We talked about We talked about adverbs.adverbs.

What are they, What are they, exactly? exactly?

How do you How do you make an make an adverb? adverb?

What are What are intensifiers? intensifiers?

AdverbsAdverbs

An adverb is a word that modifies, or An adverb is a word that modifies, or describes, a verb, an adjective, or describes, a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. another adverb.

You make an adverb out of an You make an adverb out of an adjective by adding –ly in most cases adjective by adding –ly in most cases (but not all)(but not all)

Intensifiers are adverbs like very and Intensifiers are adverbs like very and extremely that give more power to extremely that give more power to what you are saying. what you are saying.

Great! Great!

Today, we are going Today, we are going to take that and to take that and extend it into our extend it into our next lesson.next lesson.

We are going to talk We are going to talk about: about: Comparative AdverbsComparative Adverbs Superlative AdverbsSuperlative Adverbs How to use How to use

Adjectives and Adjectives and Adverbs correctly. Adverbs correctly.

Just like adjectivesJust like adjectives

Adverbs have three forms. Adverbs have three forms. PositivePositive ComparativeComparative SuperlativeSuperlative

I bet you even know how many each I bet you even know how many each represent! represent!

Positive AdverbsPositive Adverbs

A positive adverb A positive adverb doesn’t compare doesn’t compare any actions.any actions.

It stands alone with It stands alone with the verb, adjective, the verb, adjective, or adverb. or adverb.

Example: Josh Example: Josh waited waited sadlysadly for for the bus to arrive. the bus to arrive.

Comparative AdverbsComparative Adverbs Compare two Compare two ACTIONS!ACTIONS! Short adverbs are going to use –er

in the Comparative form.

Ex: Did the drummer play louder than the bassist?

Long adverbs require the word more in from of the verb.

Ex. The audience was more enthusiastic than the band was!

Superlative AdverbsSuperlative Adverbs

The superlative form of an adverb The superlative form of an adverb compares more than two actions. compares more than two actions.

Short adverbs need –est; longer adverbs Short adverbs need –est; longer adverbs need more or most. need more or most.

Ex. Did the guitarist play Ex. Did the guitarist play loudestloudest of all? of all? Ex. No, but he played Ex. No, but he played mostmost

enthusiasticallyenthusiastically. .

Irregular AdverbsIrregular Adverbs

Some adverbs are irregular, meaning Some adverbs are irregular, meaning the spelling and sound changes with the spelling and sound changes with the form. the form.

Well – better - bestWell – better - best Badly – worse – worstBadly – worse – worst Little (amount) – less Little (amount) – less

- least - least

Exercise A: Comparatives and Exercise A: Comparatives and SuperlativesSuperlatives

Complete the chart on the next slide.Complete the chart on the next slide.

Comparatives and Comparatives and SuperlativesSuperlatives

TenderlyTenderly More tenderlyMore tenderly ??

FastFast ?? FastestFastest

?? LessLess LeastLeast

EasilyEasily ?? Least easilyLeast easily

ViolentlyViolently More violentlyMore violently ??

?? CloserCloser closestclosest

Remember…Remember…

Comparative Adverbs compare two Comparative Adverbs compare two actions. actions.

Superlative Adverbs compare more Superlative Adverbs compare more than two actions. than two actions.

Some comparatives and superlatives Some comparatives and superlatives are irregular. are irregular.

Now…as a bonus…Now…as a bonus…

Let’s make sure we understand how Let’s make sure we understand how to use adjectives and adverbs to use adjectives and adverbs correctly. correctly.

Dazed and Confused…Dazed and Confused…

Adverbs and Adverbs and adjectives are adjectives are often confused, often confused, especially when especially when they appear after they appear after verbs. verbs.

Predicate Adjectives versus Predicate Adjectives versus AdverbsAdverbs

A predicate adjective follows a A predicate adjective follows a linking verb. linking verb.

Example: The musicians Example: The musicians aren’t aren’t professionalprofessional..

In the sentence above, the predicate In the sentence above, the predicate adjective professional describes adjective professional describes musicians. musicians.

Now…check this…Now…check this…

In the sentence In the sentence below, the adverb below, the adverb professionally professionally describes the action describes the action verb verb behavedbehaved. .

The musicians The musicians behaved behaved professionallyprofessionally. .

People are Crazy! People are Crazy!

People also sometimes confuse the People also sometimes confuse the words bad, badly, good, and well. words bad, badly, good, and well. Bad and good are both adjectives. They Bad and good are both adjectives. They

are used after a linking verb. are used after a linking verb. Badly is an adverb. It is used after an Badly is an adverb. It is used after an

action verb. action verb. Well is mean. It can be either. Well is mean. It can be either.

When it describes a person, When it describes a person, it is an adjective. it is an adjective. Otherwise, it is an Otherwise, it is an adverb! adverb!

Distinguishing Adjectives from Distinguishing Adjectives from AdverbsAdverbs

AdjectiveAdjective AdverbAdverb

The sound is The sound is badbad..

The band sounds The band sounds goodgood. .

The soloist seems The soloist seems wellwell. .

The actor sang The actor sang badlybadly..

The band played The band played wellwell. .

People are also confused…People are also confused…

People also confuse People also confuse real, really, sure, real, really, sure, surely, and most, surely, and most, almost.almost.

Real, sure, and most Real, sure, and most are adjectivesare adjectives

Really, surely, and Really, surely, and almost are adverbs. almost are adverbs.

Let’s go to the charts…Let’s go to the charts…

Distinguishing adjectives from adverbsDistinguishing adjectives from adverbs

AdjectivesAdjectives AdverbsAdverbs

Music is a Music is a realreal art. art.

A pianist needs A pianist needs suresure hands. hands.

MostMost pianos have pianos have eighty-eight keys. eighty-eight keys.

Music is Music is reallyreally popular. popular.

Piano music is Piano music is surelysurely popular. popular.

Piano strings Piano strings almostalmost never break. never break.

Exercise BExercise B

In the following slide identify the In the following slide identify the correct adjective or adverb given in correct adjective or adverb given in parentheses. parentheses.

Exercise B.Exercise B. The big bands did very (good, well) The big bands did very (good, well)

during the 1930’s and 1940’s.during the 1930’s and 1940’s. As (good, well) as they were, they As (good, well) as they were, they

needed national radio to succeed. needed national radio to succeed. Even (bad, badly) bands took Even (bad, badly) bands took

advantage of the interest in this advantage of the interest in this music. music.

The big bands’ era is over, but their The big bands’ era is over, but their records still sell (good, well)records still sell (good, well)

If you listen really (good, well) you’ll If you listen really (good, well) you’ll still hear bands with that sound. still hear bands with that sound.

Remember…Remember…

A comparative adverb compares two A comparative adverb compares two actions.actions.

A superlative adverb compares more than A superlative adverb compares more than two actions. two actions.

Some comparatives and superlatives are Some comparatives and superlatives are irregular.irregular.

Adverbs and adjectives are often confused, Adverbs and adjectives are often confused, especially when they appear after verbs. especially when they appear after verbs.

People also sometimes confuse the words People also sometimes confuse the words bad, badly, good, and well. bad, badly, good, and well.

Let’s add it to our list…Let’s add it to our list…

An adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, An adjective is a word that modifies, or describes, a noun or a pronoun. a noun or a pronoun.

An adjective describes a person, place, thing, or An adjective describes a person, place, thing, or idea. idea.

It gives more info about the noun or pronoun. It gives more info about the noun or pronoun. A predicate adjective follows a linking verb and A predicate adjective follows a linking verb and

modifies the subject of the sentence. modifies the subject of the sentence. A and an are called indefinite articles because A and an are called indefinite articles because

they refer to one of a general group of people, they refer to one of a general group of people, places, things, or ideas.places, things, or ideas.

The is called a definite article because it identifies The is called a definite article because it identifies specific people, places, things, or ideas.specific people, places, things, or ideas.

The comparative form of an adjective compares The comparative form of an adjective compares two things or people.two things or people.

The superlative form of an adjective compares The superlative form of an adjective compares more than two things or people.more than two things or people.

Demonstrative adjectives point out something Demonstrative adjectives point out something and describe nouns by answering the questions and describe nouns by answering the questions which onewhich one or or which oneswhich ones..

An adverb is a word that modifies, or describes, a An adverb is a word that modifies, or describes, a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

An adverb can answer one of these questions: where, An adverb can answer one of these questions: where, when, how, how often, how much, or how long.when, how, how often, how much, or how long.

Most adverbs are formed by adding –ly to the Most adverbs are formed by adding –ly to the adjective, if you see an –ly word, it’s usually an adjective, if you see an –ly word, it’s usually an adverb.adverb.

Some adverbs answer the question Some adverbs answer the question to what extentto what extent a a quality exists. quality exists.

These adverbs are called These adverbs are called intensifiersintensifiers.. A comparative adverb compares two actions.A comparative adverb compares two actions. A superlative adverb compares more than two A superlative adverb compares more than two

actions. actions. Some comparatives and superlatives are irregular.Some comparatives and superlatives are irregular. Adverbs and adjectives are often confused, Adverbs and adjectives are often confused,

especially when they appear after verbs. especially when they appear after verbs. People also sometimes confuse the words bad, badly, People also sometimes confuse the words bad, badly,

good, and well. good, and well.

I smell a test coming up! I smell a test coming up!