Tulane, Louisiana

Cornerstone Design ProjectGroup: C09004

Matt Piatkowski – Foundation EngineerDon Lucas – Structural Engineer

Dan Scannell – Architectural EngineerIan Donahue – Building Thermal Engineer

Evan Brent – Fluid System Engineer

Structural Analysis

•Raw Materials—Wooden Truss vs. Steel Truss—Asphalt Shingles vs. Clay Tiling—Underlayment

•Truss Design—Accommodate ‘Great Room’—Provide some storage space

•Manufacture Style—Prefabricated—Custom built

Structural Analysis

http://www.northlandtrusssystems.com/images/room_in_attic_big.gif

•Prefabricated Room-in-Attic•Ideal angle: 36°•Usable Area: 972 ft2

•Maximum Height: 12 ft•Load from shingles: ~6,000 lbs

Foundation Analysis

• General Information:– Full, walkout basement– Storage and living space– Stepped footing– Waterproofing– Backfilled to promote drainage

Foundation Analysis

• Material options:– Wood, Poured Concrete, Cinderblock, Metal,

Brick, Stone

• Considerations:– Strength, durability, cost, appearance,

installation time

Foundation Analysis

• The relative advantage of each material in each area needing consideration is analyzed.

• Materials are ranked from 1 to 6, with 6 being best.

• Results are tabulated for easier comparison.

Foundation AnalysisStrength Durability Cost Installation

timeAppearance

Wood 1 1 6 6 Subjective

Poured concrete 6 6 4 1 Subjective

Cinderblock 6 6 5 4 Subjective

Metal 2 4 1 5 Subjective

Brick 4 3 3 3 Subjective

Stone 3 2 2 2 Subjective

Foundation Analysis

• Final Material Choice: Cinderblock– Due to its excellent strength and durability,

cinderblock framing will provide a good foundation for the house.

– Relatively lower pricing and easier installation provide homeowner with savings in cost and time.

– Cinderblocks will be reinforced to increase tensile strength.

Architectural Engineering•House Construction:

2x6 construction or 2x4 construction for exterior walls2x6 has more potential for insulation than 2x4

Ceiling height, 8ft or 10ft10ft ceilings allow for better circulation of hot air during summer

•House Layout:Atrium: in center of house or offset

if center than two wings to house typical colonial layoutif offset than layout is unique

1st floor:Rooms: living room, bathroom, kitchen, office, atrium

Bathroom has to exit to hallway: building code

2nd floor:Rooms: 2 bedrooms, master bedroom, bathroom

Fluid Systems Design

• Evan B. Brent• Fluid Systems

• Engineer

• Source: piping3.dwg, courtesy Glen Brent, P.E.

Purpose of System

To quietly, efficiently move heat from the solar thermal panels to the storage system.

To provide adequate storage of heat for the general operating of the domestic hot water and space heating needs of the house.

Rough System Overview

Water is pumped to the collectors on the roof and gains heat there.

Hot water flows into a heat exchanger in a heat storage tank in the basement, and is then begins the cycle again.

Heat is pulled from the heat storage tank via two other coils, one for DHW, one for space heating, and pumped/zoned as specified by homeowner.

Heat Storage Tank

Provides long term storage for overnight/multi-day use of space heating and DHW

Can be heated from multiple sources easily, without changing SH or DHW side of system. (Solar, Conventional, Geothermal, Wood Boiler, etc)

Downside: Can take up a lot of space.

Sources: Personal experience, interview with Glen Brent, P.E.

Design Method Idea: Solar Only system Requirements: Maintain normal use of DHW and SH even in coldest

weather (33 F), using only the BTU's supplied by the solar thermal system.

A 625 gallon storage tank (estimated) with a working temperature range of 120 F to 190F has 8.34*625*(190-120) BTUs of energy stored, which is 364875 BTU's, which is less than 4.5 hours of just space heating for the house, based on estimated Heat Load (86339 BTU/hr)

Conclusion: Solar Only system not viable unless solar thermal system can put out significant BTU/hr even under design temp., and storage tank BTU capacity can be increased.

1993 ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals Climatic data for New O. the winter design temp is 33 deg. F., median annual extreme low temp is 27.

Basic heat load estimated from calculator found at http://www.heatload.com/unico/heatloadpreform.htm (10/19/09)

Options, Given No Solar Only

Integration of a simple conventional oil furnace or gas furnace, for heating the heat storage tank via a separate heat exchanger. (hands off system, works without any effort by homeowner)

Integration of a wood/coal fired boiler (more effort, but inexpensive)

Integration of a geothermal system (highly expensive, but green)

Photo: http://www.daigleoil.com/images/Tarmsoloplus.gif

Component choices Pump: Taco 00 controlled circulator pump series, or similar. Also

considering Taco Solar Pumping Station. Decision will be made based on cost analysis and final system layout/head value.

Heat Storage Tank: Size and type to be determined by final Heat Load and Solar Thermal BTU/hr, given design method discussed.

Pipe: Most likely 1” or 3/4” copper. Safe in an overheat situation, cost is not prohibitive, all major system components are built to mate with it, no plastic taste.

Miscellaneous components such as Check Valves, Expansion tanks, Zone Valves, Air Purgers, Aqua Stats, etc will be determined as final house and solar design is nailed down.

Sources: Personal experience, interview with Glen Brent, P.E.Photos:http://www.taco-hvac.com/en/products/Water%20Circulation%20Pumps%20%26amp%3B%20Circulators/products.html?current_category=18 10/21/09

Building Thermal

By: Ian Donahue

Home Backround

• The framing and insulation contribute to the buildings energy efficiency.

• Home is located in Tulane, LA and is a Zone 2 hot-humid climate.

• The location encounters hurricanes and storms, along with having pest issues.

• The highest average temperature: 90.6°F• The lowest average temperature: 41.8°F• Design temperature differential: 23°F

Design Considerations

• Since Tulane is located in an area that sees hurricanes and other tropical storms a strong house is probably needed.

• Cheap/efficient construction should be utilized.

• The ability resist moisture damage as well as pest problems is a plus in this region of the country.

Designs

• Wood Framing• 16” oc construction• Conventional Siding• 2x6” Wood Studs

• Metal Framing• 24” oc construction• Poured Concrete• Cold Formed Steel C-

Channels

Recommended R-Values

DOE Recommended R-Values for Wood

Space R-Value

Attic 38

Ceiling 30

Floor 13

Wall Cavity 15

DOE Recommended R-Values for Metal

Space R-Value

Attic 49

Floor 25

Wall Sheathing 5

Wall Cavity 15

Proposed MaterialsMetal Framing

Material R-Value

Outside Film Air 0.25

1" Stucco 0.2

6" Concrete 3.54

Metal Framing 2.5

1.5" Polyisocyanurate 10.8

3/4" Air 1

5/8" Gypboard 0.58

Indoor Film Air 0.68

Total F 8.75

Total I 17.05

Wood Framing

Material R-Value

Outside Film Air 0.25

Siding 0.8

5/8" Plywood 0.77

3.5" Wood Framing 4.38

Fiberglass Batt 11

5/8" Gypboard 0.58

Indoor Film Air 0.68

Total F 7.46

Total I 14.08

More Design

• This is a preliminary design and the floor and ceiling are yet to be completed.

• This design will need to be checked and verified from a computer model.

References• http://www.steelframing.org/PDF/IssuePapers/InteriorWalls.pdf• http://www.steelframing.org/PDF/FinalDesignGuideSept82008.pdf• http://www.coloradoenergy.org/procorner/stuff/r-values.htm• http://www.huduser.org/Publications/pdf/sfmh_rpt.pdf• http://www.steelframing.org/PDF/SFA_Framing_Guide_final%202.pdf• http://www.oikos.com/esb/36/Corrfact.html• http://www.efficientwindows.org/glazing_.cfm?id=8• http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/publications/pdfs/building_americ

a/34560.pdf• http://www.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/cgiwrap?user=roofs&script=ZipTable/ins_fact

.pl

Solar Thermal

Viessmann Manufacturing Company Inc.Model 100-F 300-T(2m) 300-T(3m)

Absorber Area [ft2] 25 22 33

Optical Efficiency [%] 74.3 82.5 82.5

Width [in] 41.75 55.75 86.75

Height [in] 93.75 78.5 78.5

Depth [in] 2.75 4.75 4.75

Weight [lb] 94.8 99 150

Cost [$] 821.95 3135.95 X

Cost per Area [$/ft2] 30.24 98.18 X

Apricus Solar Company, Ltd.

Model AP-10 AP-22 AP-30

Absorber Area [ft2] 8.6 18.9 25.8

Fluid Capacity [oz] 9.8 18.6 28.2

Width [in] 31.3 64.4 86.4

Height [in] 77.9 77.9 77.9

Depth [in] 6.1 6.1 6.1

Weight [lb] 77 157 209

Optimal Collector AngleApricus

Viessmann 300

Viessmann 300-T(3m) N = 12, Φ = 38o, U = 255 gal

Apricus AP-22N = 16, Φ = 29o, U = 255 gal

Viessmann 100-F C = $30.24/ft2, U = 255 gal