Tri-generation System with Biomass Gasification and Fuel ... Technology...
Transcript of Tri-generation System with Biomass Gasification and Fuel ... Technology...
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Micro Energy Co., Ltd.1137-4, Kaneda, Atsugi-city, Kanagawa 243-0807
http://www.microenergy.co.jp
For Zero Emission and New Energy Creation
Yoshiro HashimotoRepresentative
“From Energy Saving to Energy Creation”
BTL System: the next generation technology
*Alternative Diesel Production Equipment
Tri-generation System with Biomass
Gasification and Fuel (BTL) Synthesis
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Company Profile Micro Energy Co., Ltd.
Address: 1137-4, Kaneda, Atsugi-city, Kanagawa, 243-0807
TEL: +81-(0)46-297-3836, FAX: +81-(0)46-297-3837
Year of Establishment: April 2003
Capital: ¥ 283,100,000, (Capital Reserve: ¥ 267,100,000)
Representative: Yoshiro Hashimoto
Industry-University FT Synthesis Catalyst with Toyama University
Corporation: Low Temp. Tar Decomposition Catalysis with Yokohama National University
Hydrogen Carrier with Tokyo Institute of Technology
Main Product: BTL Production & Power Generation System
(100 kg/hr verification stage, 1,000 kg/hr under development)
Gas/Fuel Mixed Combustion Power Generation System
APEX Carbonization System (Preparation for BTL System)
Brief background description of the representative
Date and Place of Birth: 17 April 1949, Tokyo
Academic Background: 1973: Graduated from Chiba University with Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering
2004: Admitted to Graduate School of Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Integrated
Science and Engineering as visiting scientist, 2007: Left the School without diploma
Professional Background: 1973: Joined Caterpillar Mitsubishi Co., Ltd., Production Engineering Department
1996: Joined Nihon Electric and Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.,
2003: Established Micro Energy Co., Ltd., as President
Experiences: Product Management Planning & Design for painting,
welding and assembling,
Planning of the production line and factory of large
scale construction machinery
We established Micro Energy Co., Ltd. in order to develop next generation energy creation
system and thereby contributing to society through the solutions of environment and energy
problems for which prompt actions are much needed in global scale.
In particular, we aim at turning untapped resources like biomass and wastes into heat, electricity and,
ultimately, an alternative diesel called BTL (Biomass to Liquid).
Our development objective once came to fruition in the form of thermal recycle system including a small
scale biomass gasification and power generation system through the joint development with Tokyo
Institute of Technology. With gasification of solid substances as a core technology, our development
objective has advanced to a new stage.
Instead of following traditional approach pursuing large scale centralized system, we continue to focus
on small or medium scale, on-site, and dispersed operation system in order to provide small and
medium sized businesses, municipalities, as well as developing countries with safe and friendly
equipment.
Taking full existence for granted, we Japanese hardly imagine the fact that there are many people in the
world living without electricity and water supplies. It will be wonderful if they can utilize untapped
biomass and wastes in their vicinities for the local productions of electricity, heat and fuel.
All the staff of Micro Energy put a lot of efforts into it so that we adults today can proudly hand down
respectable technologies and clean global environment to the next generation.
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Introduction
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Bio Ethanol
Bio Diesel
((((BDF)
Made from
glucide in corn,
sugarcane, etc.
through
fermentation
App. 250 ℓ/ton
Made from
oilseeds like
sunflower, palm,
oilseed rape,
etc.
•Used for diesel engine
•Tendency of higher NOx in exhaust
•Material supply subject to crop
yield
•Costly collection of waste edible oil
•Used by mixing with gasoline
•Competitive material procurement
with food use
•Material supply subject to crop
yield
Outline Feature
Other alternative fuels include plastic oil and GTL (Gas to Liquid)
Existing Biofuels
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B.T.L system ????
B = Biomass
T = to
L = Liquid
((((Solid →→→→ Liquid))))
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� Raw Material : Biomass & Organic Matters
� Organic Matters → Gasification → Syngas
(H2 、CO、CH4 …)
� Syngas → Catalytic Synthesis(FT Synthesis) → Fuel
2H2+CO → 1/n(CnH2n+2)+H2O
� Fuel(FTD) = Alternative to Diesel & Kerosene
CnH2n+2 → Alternative Oil
Methane
Technical Principle of BTL
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Excerpt from “Will biomass resources save petrochemical industry?”;
Mizuho Information Research Institute; 7 April 2009
•Basically, BTL can be made from all kinds of organic substances,
•In terms of the availability of raw material, BTL’s superiority is quite high
compared with other bio fuels for which the supply source of raw materials is
limited,
•Elemental technologies constituting BTL production process have already
been fully established and there is no necessity to research revolutionary
principle additionally,
•Large variety of industry can freely participate in BTL business, and
•BTL has great prospect because it can be used not only for fuel but also for
feedstock for industrial productions as an oil substitution.
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� Raw materials can be selected from a wide rage of biomass without
competing with food use. Even non-edible parts of food crops can be
used as raw materials of BTL.
� BTL can be made not only from biomass but also from organic matters.
� The quality and performance of BTL are not subject to raw materials
because they are gasified into hydrogen and carbon monoxide before
being synthesized into BTL.
� Clean exhaust free from sulfur, no SOx emission.
� Having an avility to be used as it is for diesel engines and boilers, BTL
is a perfect substitution of diesel and kerosene.
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� Awarded a grant aid project for technical verification by the Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry in 2009
� Completion of test facilities in January, 2010.
� Processing wood pellet and chip at a rate of 100 kg/hr.
� The verification operation gained wide attentions attracting about 350
visitors domestically from Hokkaido to Okinawa and internationally
from China, Korea and the countries of South America.
Election of Verification Plant at Naka Town,
Tokushima Prefecture, 2009
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Material Hopper
FT SynthesisRaw Material (Chipped
thinned wood)
Gasification
Gas Purification
Process Flow of the Verification Test at Naka
Town
BTLCogeneration
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BTL Production System advanced from Gasification
and Power Generation SystemA next generation system to gasify biomass at 1,000 degree Celsius, and synthesize hydrogen
and carbon monoxide selectively into alternative diesel, and generate power with offgas
Heat
・・・・ Electricity + Heat ==== Cogeneration
・・・・ Electricity + Heat + Fuel ====Tri-generation
to Gasificationto External Loadto External Loadto External Loadto External Load
150kw 100kw@\13/kwh@\13/kwh@\13/kwh@\13/kwh
Raw Material Raw Material Raw Material Raw Material
10t Woody Biomass Supplymental Fuel
OffgasOffgasOffgasOffgas 200L
2200L2200L2200L2200LCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis Unit
FT SynthesisFT SynthesisFT SynthesisFT Synthesis
Gasification Gasification Gasification Gasification
UnitUnitUnitUnit
Power Generation Power Generation Power Generation Power Generation
UnitUnitUnitUnit250kw
(Equivalent to (Equivalent to (Equivalent to (Equivalent to
Diesel & KeroseneDiesel & KeroseneDiesel & KeroseneDiesel & Kerosene))))
HHHH2222、、、、COCOCOCO、、、、etc
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Gasification, the Biggest Hurdle in BTL Production
How to obtain tar free syngas with
high concentration of hydrogen
and carbon monoxide is the most
important technical aspect in BTL
production system.
How to obtain tar free syngas with
high concentration of hydrogen
and carbon monoxide is the most
important technical aspect in BTL
production system.
To synthesize BTL the
optimal ratio of
hydrogen and carbon
monoxide is 2 to 1.
To synthesize BTL the
optimal ratio of
hydrogen and carbon
monoxide is 2 to 1.
2222H2+CO → 1/nnnn(CnH2n+2)+H2O
1111.... 2222....
to Gasificationto External Loadto External Loadto External Loadto External Load
150kw 100kw@\13/kwh@\13/kwh@\13/kwh@\13/kwh
Raw Material Raw Material Raw Material Raw Material
10t Woody Biomass Supplymental Fuel
OffgasOffgasOffgasOffgas 200L
2200L2200L2200L2200LCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis UnitCatalytic Synthesis Unit
FT SynthesisFT SynthesisFT SynthesisFT Synthesis
Gasification Gasification Gasification Gasification
UnitUnitUnitUnit
Power Generation Power Generation Power Generation Power Generation
UnitUnitUnitUnit250kw
(Equivalent to (Equivalent to (Equivalent to (Equivalent to
Diesel & KeroseneDiesel & KeroseneDiesel & KeroseneDiesel & Kerosene))))
HHHH2222、、、、COCOCOCO、、、、etc
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Comparison with Conventional Gasification
1111....Remarkable difference in Gas Composition
2222....Performance of 2-stage Gasification
•Remarkably high concentration of
hydrogen
•Low carbon hydrate (methane etc.)
concentration
•Very low nitrogen concentration
The ratio of hydrogen and carbon
monoxide in syngas needs to be 2
to 1 for FT synthesis, however,
those of conventional technologies
with internal combustion method is
quite the contrary,1 to 2.
• Syngas production with high concentration of hydrogen, max. 70%, ave. 60%
• More than 90% of syngas content is available for FT synthesis to produce BTL,
• Effective in hydrogen production device from biomass, 99.999999% purity after
membrane separation.
Successful Development
of 2-stage Gasification2-Stage2-Stage2-Stage2-Stage
Gasif icationGasif icationGasif icationGasif ication
Composition [vol%]
H2 66.5 7.4 11.9
CO 28.1 15.3 23.0
CnHm 0.3 4.3 4.7
CO2 0.4 15.6 9.0
O2 0.3 0.8 1.4
N2 4.4 56.6 50.0
Total 100.0 100 100.0
LHV [Kcal/m3N] 2,625 1,091 1,405
Micro Energy Micro Energy Other
Internal CombustionGasification
[vol%]
Remarkable difference in Gas Composition
1111....Syngas production with high concentration of hydrogen, max. 70%, ave. 60%
2222.... high concentration of H2+CO
FT synthesis
**** 2222HHHH2222++++CO CO CO CO →→→→ 1/1/1/1/nnnn(CnH(CnH(CnH(CnH2222n+n+n+n+2222))))++++HHHH2222OOOO2222 :::: 1111
→→→→ Cost reduction by compact System
→→→→ Cleen H2 gas Cogeneration System
H2 CO CO2 CH4 O2 N2
47.3 24.0 14.0 4.2 0.3 10.0
62.5 27.1 0.9 0.9 0.8 7.0
Type of Gasification
Direct Gasification
2-stage Gasification
H2/CO
2.0
2.3
71
90
Type of Gasification
Direct Gasification
2-stage Gasification
H2+CO(%)
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Component Analysis Result(by Shikoku Electric Power Business Co., Ltd.)
2011/4/2
Heating value
equivalent to diesel
High ignition
performance due to
high centane value
Sulfur free leading to no
SOx in exhaust
Comparison of Characteristics of Liquid Fuels
Indicator Diesel*1BTL
(Produced at Naka Town)
Lower Heating Value [MJ/kg] 43.5 43.0
Air-Oil Ratio [Kg/Kg] 14.6 -
Density (@30℃) [Kg/m3] 802 827
Cetane Value 59.9 71.2
Kinetic Viscosity(@30℃) [mm2/s] 2.20 5.70
HFRR (Lubricity at 60℃) [μ m] 440 405
Oxygen Content [W%] 0 <0.3
Carbon Content [W%] 87.5 85.5
Hydrogen Content [W%] 12.5 14.4
Sulfur Content [ppm] <10 <0.01
*1JIS Level-2 Diesel 2010/2/20
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0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
4500000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Retention Time (min)
TIC Response (Area)
n-8
n-9n-10
n-11
n-12
n-15
n-13
n-14
n-16
n-17
n-18
n-19
n-20
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BTL(8 July 2010)(n-Parafine:53.85%)
Extraction of BTL
Analysis by National Traffic Safety
and Environment Laboratoryn → Cn
Alkane Hydrocarbon(CnH2n+2) Alkane=Paraffinic=Saturated Hydrocarbon
CCCC 5555HHHH12121212 72 pentane -129 36 Solvent
CCCC 6666HHHH14141414 86 hexane -94 69 Gasoline
CCCC 7777HHHH16161616 100 heptane -90 98 ”
CCCC 8888HHHH18181818 114 octane -59 126 ”
CCCC 9999HHHH20202020 128 nonane《 -54 151 ”
CCCC 10101010HHHH22222222 142 decane -30 174 ”
BTL CCCC 11111111HHHH24242424 156 undecane -26 196 Kerosene
CCCC 12121212HHHH26262626 170 dodecane -10 216 ”
CCCC 13131313HHHH28282828 184 tridecane -6 230 ”
CCCC 14141414HHHH30303030 198 tetradecane 5.5 251 ” composition unique to biomass
CCCC 15151515HHHH32323232 212 pentadecane 10 268 Diesel
CCCC 16161616HHHH34343434 226 hexadecane 18 280 ”
CCCC 17171717HHHH36363636 240 heptadecane 22 303 Diesel & Heavy Oil
CCCC 18181818HHHH38383838 254 octadecane 28 317 Heavy Oil
CCCC 19191919HHHH40404040 268 nanodecane 32 330 ”
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The staff of Naka town office
drove a cultivator on pure BTL
and a truck on a mixture of
10% BTL with diesel
Future applicationFuel for tree trimming machine
Fuel for boiler at hot spring
Test run with the produced BTL at Naka Town
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Toward the Era of Oil Resource Depletion (Reduction of Oil Production)
● National Geographic; 10 November 2010
““““Oil production passed a peak in 2006?““““
International Energy Agency (IEA) announced on 9 November that conventional
oil production seems to have hit the ceiling since 2006
● Mr. Yuzuru Ashida; Professor Emeritus at the University of Kyoto; 22 October 2008
“21st century will be an era of battle for resources“ Research paper titled “For
establishing sustainable decentralized society”
Oil demand has expanded in accordance with the industrialization of BRIC’s
countries. Oil resource will not be dried up but its depletion will shift the notion of
crude oil from abundant and cheap to scarce and expensive.
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Toward the Era of Oil Resource Depletion (Increase of consumers from 600 million to 3 billion people)
Expansion of Material Source: from Biomass to Waste
WTL : Waste to Liquid
Waste Plastic
Municipal Solid Waste
Industrial Waste
“Urban Oil Field”
◆WTL makes it possible to recover rare earth from waste electric appliances
concurrently with WTL production → Urbane MineMinimizing recovery cost of rare earth through the energy self-
sustainable operation of WTL
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THANK YOU
We are given to expecting that the path to the future will be as smoothly paved as
that on which we have walked thus far. If we look hard at what lies ahead of us,
however, we can perceive with certainty that the path is getting rough.
Let’s get started to prepare for it together.
Micro Energy Co., Ltd.1137-4, Kaneda, Atsugi-city, Kanagawa 243-0807
http://www.microenergy.co.jp