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Transcript of Transports Canada Transport Canada Survival and Sparsely Settled Areas Presented by Michel Leduc...
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Survival and Sparsely Settled
Areas
Presented by
Michel LeducTransport Canada, System Safety
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Michel LeducSystem Safety SpecialistSystem Safety700 Leigh CapreolDorval QC H4Y 1G7Tel.: 514 633-3484 Fax.: 514 [email protected]
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Knowledge UpdateCARs Standard 421.05
• TC seminar
• Recurrent training program approved by TC
• PPC
• New or renewed annotation
• Written exam
• Flight review with an instructor
• Self-training: Aviation Safety Letter or,http://www.tc.gc.ca/CivilAviation/SystemSafety/newsletters/tp185/menu.htm
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
• A sparsely settled area is not a defined geographic
area
• The pilot is responsible for deciding what survival
equipment will be brought on board to comply with
the regulations
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled AreaA.I.P. Canada Air 2.14
Less accessible
Less flight information available
Weather data
NAVAIDs
Fuel supply
Food and lodging
Maintenance installation
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Hierarchy of Needs
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Physiological
Eating
Drinking
Sleeping
“Evacuating”
Breathing
Maintaining the body’s temperature
Avoiding pain
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Safety
Having a shelter
Having supplies
Not feeling threatened
To be safe from dangers
Mainly about fears
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Love
Not being excluded
Need of love
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Esteem
Recognition
Self respect
Social ranking
Consideration
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Self Actualization
To transcend or surpass
Achieve
Improve oneself
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Hierarchy of Needs
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Threats to Survival
Hunger
Cold
Fatigue
Thirst
Loneliness
Pain
Boredom
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Hunger
3 weeks without food
4 000 to 6 000 kJ/day (1 000 to 1 500 Cal)
Headache
Aggressiveness
Incoherence
Moral
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Hunger
Supplies for 24 to 48 hours
Avoid chocolate and other sources of sugars, choose energy bars (sport centre, outdoor store) with a high protein content instead
Be careful with dehydrated food, they will make you thirsty!
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Cold
85% of body heat is lost from the head
Numbing
Inability to think
Loss of will
Increases fatigue levels
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Cold
Temperature lower at night in rural regions
Humidity makes you feel colder
You CAN die from hypothermia
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Cold
Have a supply of blankets or sleeping bags
Build a fire
Don’t keep wet clothing on; stay dry
Build a shelter
Physical activity
Human warmth
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Fatigue
Lack of attention, carelessness
Leads to giving up
Incoherence
Injuries
Aggravates the situation
Increases with stress
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Fatigue
Sleep !!!
Take turns
Maintain a heat source
Secure site
Stay in good physical condition
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Thirst
3 days without water
Loose 2 to 3 litres per day
Aggravated by sickness, vomiting, diarrhoea and blood loss
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Thirst
Have a flask with at least 1L of liquid
Purification devices: Pump, drops, tablets
Boil it
DO NOT DRINK URINE
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Thirst
Manage perspiration
Find shade
Breathe through the nose instead of through the mouth
Digestion requires water
Avoid alcohol
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Loneliness
Deceitful and unpredictable
Refers to mental
Left out, abandoned
Leads to insanity
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Loneliness
Radio
Imaginary friend
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Pain
Requires energy
Can prevent from seeing to other needs
So intense it can lead losing the “will to live”
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Pain
Avoid injuries and sicknesses
Have a first aid kit and know how to use it!
Carry medication such as Insulin or an “EpiPen”
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Boredom
Tied with loneliness
Mind not busy enough
Plays with imagination
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Boredom
Work around camp
Look for water, food and fuel
Deck of cards
Imaginary friend
!!! SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS !!!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Hunger
Cold
Fatigue
Thirst
Loneliness
Pain
Boredom
Fight the Threats
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
TC Requirements
CAR 602.61
- Light a fire
- Provide shelter
- Provide or purify water
- Send visual distress signals
See also A.I.P. Canada:
AIR 4.13
AIR Annex
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
TC Requirements
One must consider
Geographic location
Season
Climatic changes
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Survival Kit Example
- Safety matches, lighter, candles
- Tarpaulin, garbage bag, wool blanket
- Flask, pump, purifying caplets
- Mirror, flashlight, flares
- Survival rations, camping burner
THIS LIST IS ONLY AN EXAMPLE, FEEL FREE TO ADD WHATEVER YOU THINK IS USEFUL!
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
Plan flight according to what is available
- Weather info
- NAVAIDs
- NOTAMs
- Emergency plan
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
File a flight plan or a flight itinerary
Follow the flight plan
Broadcast your position
- regularly
- every time you change heading
Close the flight plan
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
Pilot readiness
- Training
- Awareness
- Verification
- Practice
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
Passengers’ readiness
- Briefing and written procedures
- Risk awareness
- Leadership
- Rehearsal
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Are you dressed for survival?
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
Clothing
- Long sleeves
- Fall jacket
- Walking shoes
- Winter clothes or bug net
Knife, whistle, lighter and energy bar in pockets
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Readiness
Emergency broadcast on actual frequency and on 121.5, in English and French, without expecting an answer
ELT on “ON”, make sure that it is working, and position it so as to maximize its range—do not turn it off!
Transponder on 7 700
Stay close to aircraft if possible
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Sparsely Settled Areas
Hierarchy of Needs
Threats to Survival
Survival Equipment
Readiness
Resources
Progression
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Resources
A.I.P. Canada
SAR 4.8
AIR 2.14
AIR 4.13
AIR Annex
CFS
Section A
Section F
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Resources
Satellite phones : http://www.iridium.com
http://www.infosat.com
Phone number
Trenton : 1 800 267-7270
Transports Canada
Transport Canada
Resources
http://www.safeguard.ca/english/publications/woods-e.html
http://www.airforce.forces.ca/17wing/squadron/cfssat_e.cfm
http://www.ecole-manitou.com/
http://www.pomm.com/survie/
http://www.taklamakan.net/fr/pratique/survie.html
SAS Survival Guide - ISBN: 0 00 472302-3