Toll Project

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A

SYNOPSIS

ON

FULLY AUTOMATED TOLL TAX COLLECTION

USING RF TECHNOLOGY. NO NEED TO STOP CAR

ON TOLL GATE

Submitted for partial fulfillment of award of degree in

BACHELORS OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by

HIMANSHU SHARMA (090103085)

BHANU TEWARI (090103064)

PROJECT GUIDE

MR. ANURAG SHARMA

SHARDA UNIVERSITY

(SESSION 2012-13)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We express our humble gratitude to all faculty members of Electronics & communication

Engineering Department of United College of Engineering and Management for showing their

interest in our project and having belief in our capabilities.

We owe special debt of gratitude to Mr.ANURAG SHARMA, our project guide for guiding

us throughout the completion of this project as well as boosting our moral when in crisis. Her

sincerity, thoroughness and perseverance have been a constant source of inspiration for us.

We would also like to express our sincere regards to PROF. A.K. MEHRA, Head of

Department, Electronics & Communication Department to getting us through the minor detailsof this project. We also thank our comrades who were always there to help us out and raise our

moral.

HIMANSHU SHARMA (090103085)

BHANU TEWARI (090103064)

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CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 1.1

ABSTRACT.

.1

1.2INTRODUCTION.

.2

CHAPTER 2 2.1 BLOCK

DIAGRAM.3

2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND

DISCRIPTION

...4

CHAPTER 3 COMPONENT USED AND

DISCRIPTION....5

CHAPTER 4 4.1

APPLICATION...6

4.2 ADVANTAGES AND

DISADVANTAGES7

4.3 REFERENCE.

.8

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CHAPTER 1

1.1 ABSTRACT

The most beneficial thing about this project is that its a fully automatic system which hardly

involves the use of human resources and provides good efficiency of task accomplishment ..It

provides the fully automatic control on vehicles toll tax collection system .Its initial cost is

high but no matter as it provides a good task performing capability and its a reliable system

with long life span. It mainly consists of microcontroller connected with a receiver section

and when a RF system based car sends a RF signal to receiver section of the toll system it

recognize the bits generated by the transmitter section of the car which is unique and then

required operations are performed on the users account.

Its an inspirational project which is inspired from the system that is already in use in some

developed countries such as U.S.A and Britain ,so we took this project as it can bring a great

advantage to our country.

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1.2 INTRODUCTION

This system is an active RF ID tagging system. This device can be placed at

highways for identification of cars/Bus for toll tax collection, here we use RF ID

tagging system, this tag is implanted in Car/Bus, when Car/Bus passing toll tax

collection Barrier RF receiver is received a signal and decode signal, then

microcontroller is decide the barrier is open/closed, if your tax is already pay ten

barrier is open otherwise closed.

RF Transmitter has a four bit code that uniquely identifies the thing to be

tracked. Automatic toll tax project is designed, using Atmel 89 series

microcontroller & discrete components. Heart of the project is an RF transmitter

and receiver modules, these strong powerful modules have a range of more than

30 feets are sufficiently enough for our project. I have designed this project as a

simple implementation of the toll collection process automatically in a model

form. This should not be considered as a real toll collection system which

requires much more considerations, tests and huge amount of money, before they

are actually put into use.

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CHAPTER 2

2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

RECEIVER:

TRANSMITTER:

6

ENCODER

HT12E

ENCODER

HT12ERF- TXRF- TX

RF-RXRF-RX DECODER

HT12D

DECODER

HT12D

MICROCONTROLLERMICROCONTROLLER

DISPLAY

UNIT

MOTOR

DRIVER

MOTOR

DRIVERANTENNA

ANTENNA

MOTORMOTORBARRIERBARRIER


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2.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:

RF ID Transmitter system consists of a RF Tx module and an encoder IC(HT12E).This system transmits Unique Identification Code (UIC) in an

encrypted manner. This device is very small in size and can be attached

easily to the target. The receiver system consists of RF Rx module and a

decoder IC (HT12D).The decoded data is fed into the microcontroller

(89series) which processes and displays the corresponding UIC on a 16*2

LCD. If you pay toll tax already then barrier is open. If you are not pay toll

tax before barrier is closed, then you pay toll at the toll center then barrier

is open.

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CHAPTER 3

3.1 COMPONENTS USED AND

DISCRIPTION

The complete working of RFID based tagging system can be divided in the following blocks

for easier understanding:

1. RFID TAG: This tag is essentially a RF transmitter that transmits encoded signals. It can be

further classified into following parts:

UNIQUE IDENTIFICATION CODE (UIC):This part is unique for every RF Tag. Itcreates a unique code that is used to identify the tag when the data is read by RF reader.

The UIC used here is a 4 bit data. Thus this UIC can be used for unique identification of at

most 15 different things.

ENCODER: This part converts the UIC into an encrypted data that can be transmitted

over RF channels. The encoder used here is HT12E which can be used to encrypt 4 bitdata. The encrypted data is a serial digital signal.

TRANSMITTER: This part takes the encrypted data from transmitter and transmits it inform of Radio Frequency. The transmitter used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-TX modules.

POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a powerregulator (7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the transmitter and theencoder.

2. RFID RECIEVER: This reader is basically a RF receiver that receives encoded signals

decodes them and displays the tag number on the displaying unit. It can be further classifiedinto following parts:

RECIEVER: It receives the encrypted data in form of RF waves and converts it into

electronic signals. The receiver used here is ASK 315 MHz RF-RX modules.

DECODER: This part decrypts the data to yield the UIC of the tag. This UIC is fed into

the microcontroller. HT12D has been used here which is compatible with HT12E module.

The output is the UIC of the Tag in a 4 bit format.

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MICROCONTROLLER: Microcontroller takes the UIC data from the decoder. Based on

this data it deciphers the source of the signal. It then displays this data and the source on

the Display Unit. The microcontroller used in this project is AT89s8253.

DISPLAY UNIT: It is 16*2 LCD that shows the Tag ID number as instructed by the

microcontroller.

POWER SUPPLY BLOCK: This consist a 12V power supply source and a power

regulator (7805) to get 5v power supply. This 5v supply drives the receiver, decoder

microcontroller and the LCD.

MICROCONTROLLER DETAILS:

The microcontroller used here is a common 8 bit Atmel microcontroller AT89s8253.It is a

low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with12K bytes of In-System

Programmable (ISP) Flash program memory and 2K bytes of EEPROM data memory. It has

32 programmable input output lines.

FEATURES:

12K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Program Memory SPI Serial Interface for Program Downloading

Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles

2K Bytes EEPROM Data Memory

Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles 2.7V to 5.5V Operating Range

Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz (in x1 and x2 Modes)

Three-level Program Memory Lock 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Three 16-bitTimer/Counters

Nine Interrupt Sources

Enhanced UART SerialPort with Framing Error

Detection and AutomaticAddress Recognition

Enhanced SPI (DoubleWrite/Read Buffered) Serial

Interface

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KEY COMPONENTS:

TYPE COMPONENT QUANTITY

RF RECEIVER ASK 315MHZ RF-RX 1

DECODER HT12D 1

MICROCONTROLLER AT89S8253 1

DISPLAY 16*2 LCD 1

RF TRANSMITTER ASK 315MHZ RF-TX 1

ENCODER HT12E 1

OSCILLATOR 16MHZ CRYSTAL 1

POWER SUPPLY 12V BATTERY 1

POWER REGULATOR 7805 1

STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER ULN2803 1

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CHAPTER 4

4.1 APPLICATIONS

This RF ID tagging system can used to keep a track of shipping goods and vehicles in

a completely automated manner. The transport vehicle can be tracked at the shipping

and the receiving organization to automatically update delivery status.

These tags can be employed in cars and buses with readers placed at the toll taxes, bus

stops and security checks. This modernizes the whole system of travel and saves a lot

of time and money.

It can be installed at air ports to felicitate the distribution of luggage by putting up an

RF-ID tag on luggage and then at the distribution counter the luggage can be easily

sorted out.

4.2.1 ADVANTAGES

Modernizes the entire tracking system.

It is a very user friendly and can even be used by childrens.

Simple to operate and can be installed in a short time.

Can be used to track virtually everything.

No scope for error in detection of RF-ID tags.

Facilitates quick and accurate detection and tracking is possible instantaneously.

Re-usable by simply attaching the tag to some other object.

Easier to manage with very less demand on man-power.

It has a variable range of operation and hence it can be used at almost all places.

4.2.2 DISADVANTAGES

This device is work only for limited number of cars i.e. 15 car.

Range of transmitter and receiver is minimum.

This toll tax device is not universal.

Pre- paid toll tax recharge is only form of Rs 10, 20, 50 and 100.

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4.3 REFERENCE

Google.co.in

Engineer.Projectworld.in

Electronics for you

Ayala, Kenneth J. ( 1 996), The 8051Microcontroller... Architecture, Implementation

and Programming,International Edition, New York: .

MICROELECTRONICS Sedra smith.

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Toll Project

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