Toll Collection Systems - World...
Transcript of Toll Collection Systems - World...
Jack OpiolaWorld Bank
Washington D.C.3 April 2006
Presentation
Toll Collection Systems
Technology Trend Impact on PPP’s & Highways’ Transport
1PPP Primer V2.1US Feb 06
Contents
To describe Toll Collection Systems;
To outline the key components of each system;
To outline what facilities are required to support eachsystem;
To outline the key issues in light of any “CulturalIssues”.
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Toll System Design Criteria
Traffic Flow
Plaza Design System & Lane Design
OperationsMaintenance
REVENUE
5
Toll CollectionSub-System
(TCS)
Back Office Sub-System
(BOS)
Motorist/Vehicle Sub-System
(MVS)
Toll Collection Systems
7
Toll Collection Process Segments
ABC123
Video Tolling &Enforcement System
Data Storage System
Vehicle DetectionAnd Classification
SystemTraffic Control Components
Toll Collection Components
Toll Collection Sub-System
PersonalInterface System
Motorist Sub-System
Traffic Information System
Call Service Centre
Billing &Accounting
System
Back Office Sub-System
Computer System
Financial System Interface
Image Processing Centre
Asset ManagementSystem
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AVAILABLE SOLUTIONS
Traditional Toll Collection - Cash
Hybrid Toll Collection - Both
Free-Flow Toll Collection - Cashless
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Toll Plaza / Booths In-Lane Toll Equipment Toll Collectors & Staff Cash Handling System Back Office System
Manual Toll Collection
Comprises:
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Toll Collection Processing
Cash
Credit orSmart Card
Voucher
CoinMachine ETC
VideoCapture
Check
PostPayment
RecordExceptionsNon-paymentsAnd violators
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Smartcard Technology Choices
Smart CardsContact CardsContactless CardsCombi-Cards
Transponders with Smart Cards
Smart Card
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Toll Technology Options
Manual Automatic Coin Machine w/ Barrier (five
coins)
Automatic Coin Machine w/o Barrier (onecoin/token)
Vouchers/Script ANPR Smart Card w/Barrier
Electronic Toll Collection - Dedicated Lanew/Barrier
Electronic Toll Collection - Free Flow Lane
250 - 350 VPH 450 - 550 VPH
500 - 700 VPH
500 - 900 VPH 600 - 1000 VPH 700 - 900 VPH
900 - 1100 VPH
1800 - 2400 VPH
Toll Options Toll Volumes Accuracy
98.00% 98.50%
95.00%
98.50% 85.00% 99.50%
99.96%
99.25%
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System Components:In-Vehicle Unit or TransponderRoadside EquipmentVideo CaptureCasual User ProductsCall CentreBack Office System
Free-Flow Toll Collection Components
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RecordNon-transponderand potential violators
Records ETCTransponderpayments
MLFF Collection Process
VideoCapture
ABC123
ETC
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Technology Option - Transponders
Gantry/StructureEnforcement
CameraAntenna
Vehicle Detection andClassification Sensors
Vehicle classification andenforcement
Toll charge confirmed &transaction forwarded to
central computer
Transponder
Deduction of tollrequested
CHARGEDUE $1.50ID-PAID$ 1.50
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Perceived EFC Benefits Customers
– Convenience– Time savings– Security– Flexibility
Operators– Customer satisfaction– Customer information– Lower O&M costs– Greater programme options
Transport Authorities– Better perception of Transport– Framework for inter-operability
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Evolution of EFC TechnologyEvolution of EFC Technology
19861986 2006+2006+SimpleSimple Complex, more intelligentComplex, more intelligent
SingleDedicatedToll Lanes
SingleFreeflow
TollLanes
Multi-Lane,
DedicatedToll
Plazas
Multi-Lane,
FreeflowToll
Plazas
Area wideIntegratedMulti-Lane,
FreeflowRoad
Charging
Type 1Type 1RORO
Type 2Type 2R-WR-W
Type 3Type 3RW-DRW-D
Type 4Type 4RWD-SCRWD-SC
Type 5Type 5VPSVPS
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What is VII?Creating an “Enabling Communication Infrastructure” tosupport Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-InfrastructureCommunications.
Enabling technology to support safety, mobility anddemand management applications
Why VII?
Vehicle Infrastructure Integration
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Call Centre
Retail/Kiosk
SMS
Fax
Post
Web
27%1
37% 1
15% 1
4% 1
1% 1
16% 1
Note 1: London Congestion Charging Payment Results, bv TfL, Derrek Turner, August 15, 2003.
20% 2
34% 2
19% 2
<1% 2
<1% 2
25% 2
Note 2: London Congestion Charging Payment Results, TfL, Six Month Report, October, 2003.
Payment Methods
19% 3
36% 3
19% 3
<1% 3
<1% 3
26% 3
Note 3: London Congestion Charging Payment Results, TfL, One Year Report, February, 2004.
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Future Payment Methods“Blink” and “WAVE”
Contactless Smart Cards MasterCard International VISA USA American Express J.P. Morgan Chase Citigroup Inc.
Ipsos-Insight Study37 Million + Americans willing to use cards for
$5 or less.6.5 Million Americans willing to use it for
transactions of $1 or less
Small value transactionsM/C International est 400 billion xactEstimated $1.32 trillion by M/CVISA estimated $2 trillionVISA plans on setting a 1.65% fee
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In-Lane Equipment Toll Booths/Plaza plus Segmented Free-Flow Lanes Cash Handling System Toll Collectors and Staff Cash Collection for Casual Users ETC for Automated Sales Casual User Products Back Office System Call Centre Operations
Hybrid Toll Collection ComponentsComprises:
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Evolutionary Path for existing traditional cash facilities; Flexibility to Grow with ETC Demand; Handles Casual Users with Cash Operations; Installed with minimum disturbances.
Hybrid Pros & Cons
Advantages:
Disadvantages:− Worse of both worlds - cash and cashless systems;− Higher staff overhead and operating costs;− Dampens ETC penetration levels;− Prevents minimising of operating costs.
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“Have tag willtravel”withoutconscious effort;
Time saving, traveltime confidence;
High standards ofconvenience andsafety.
Travel time savingsTravel time certaintyLower vehicle costs Improved safetyReduced exhaust
emissionsHigh customer
convenienceLow road operations
costs
Migration of Toll System
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Toll Technology Transactional Costs
ManualAutomatic Coin Machine w/
barrier (five coins)Automatic Coin Machine w/o
barrier (onecoin/token)Vouchers/ScriptANPRSmart CardElectronic Toll Collection -
Dedicated Lane w/barrierElectronic Toll Collection - Free
Flow Lane
250 - 350 VPH 450 - 550 VPH
500 - 700 VPH
500 - 900 VPH 600 - 1000 VPH 700 - 900 VPH
900 - 1100 VPH
1800 - 2400 VPH
Toll Options Toll Volumes Xact Cost
.35 to .45 .28 to .35
.28 - .35
.37 to .48 2.25 .10 to .19
.10 to .19
.07 to .15
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KEY “Cultural Issues” Toll System must align with technical sophistication of the
region/location;
Legal and Policy framework for charging and enforcement ofevasion of toll payments;
Stand alone PPP or part of a “network” of toll roads;
Rationalised system & data base of licence plate registration,ownership details;
Flexible and clearly communicated methods of payment;
ETC standards required for transaction processing, vehicleclassification, video products & enforcement;
Interoperability is fundamental for wider acceptance by thepublic and simplified billing.
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Multiple PPP ProgrammesProject - PPP1 Project - PPP2
Project - PPP3 Project - PPP4
Project - PPP5