PROGRESSIVISM

“…to make progress, socially, economically, politically and culturally.”

ELEMENTS OF PROGRESSIVISM

Responsible Citizenship & Democracy

1. Primary Elections

2. Initiative, Referendum, Recall

3. Direct Election of Senators(Amendment #17) Regulation

1. Control of over-reaching business abuse

2. Strong ICC and Railroad regulations

PROGRESSIVISM MOVEMENT

People saw the problems in society and looked to achieve social programs through political reform.

Movement started with urban middle class; these people had time and were effected by the problems therefore choose to work toward reform .

SOCIAL BASIS FOR MOVEMENT

Government was an agent of human welfare.

Response of Middle Class to Government Abuse.

Drive for civic life to benefit from business efficiencies.

MUCKRAKERS: LITERARY WRITERS WHO DUG UP MUD ON BIG BUSINESS, GOVERNMENT & ETC

Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives Lincoln Steffens- The Shame of the cities Ida Tarbell- History of Standard Oil Upton Sinclair- The Jungle

PROGRESSIVE CHANGE TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT…

Theodore Roosevelt(October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919)

was the 26th President of the United States.

He is well remembered for his energetic persona, his range of interests and achievements, his leadership of the Progressive Movement, his model of masculinity, and his "cowboy" image

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

Roosevelt believed the president should control and use their power in the best interest of the people.

“SQUARE DEAL”- a fair opportunity for all

Known as the “Trust Buster” because he

Broke-up monopolies.

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

1.MEAT INSPECTION ACT- Sanitation requirements in stockyard

2. PURE FOOD & DRUG ACT-Established the FOOD & DRUG Administrationand government regulation of food productionand harmful drugs.

3. CONSERVATIONIST- T. R. WAS A BIG CONSERVATIONIST!

PLEASE ADD THE FOLLOWING TO YOUR NOTES…

4. ELKINS AND HEPBURN ACT- REGULATE RAILROADS

AIMS OF PROGRESSIVISM

ECONOMIC REFORM:End business abuses that brought wealth to a few and destroyed free enterprise.

POLITICAL REFORM:

REMOVE CORRUPTION FROM GOVERNMENT

•Government was an agent of human welfare

•Response of Middle Class to Government Abuse

SOCIAL REFORM:

•HELPING THE POOR BY IMPROVING WORKING CONDITIONS & CLEANING UP SLUMS.

•Drive for civic life to benefit from business effi ciencies

Aims of Progressivism

REFORM IN THE CITY AND STATE GOVERNMENTS…

City Government tried to end corrupt

Political machines!

1. Commission system: a) form of government in which elected commissions are

responsible for a separate function (i.e. Commissioner of

Safety, Commissioner of Finance, Commissioner of Police)

2. City manager: a)professional hired by an elected city council to manage day to day

activities.

STATE GOVERNMENT

State government Wisconsin senator Robert LaFollett led a nation-wide reform movement to make state government more democratic.

STATE GOVERNMENT

Direct Primary:

a) Voters would nominate candidates by a direct popular vote in a primary election.

STATE GOVERNMENT

Referendum:

a) Voters can approve or reject a bill by petitioning to have it placed on the ballot.

STATE GOVERNMENT

Secret Ballot

a) Voting in a private booth.

STATE GOVERNMENT

Initiative:

a) Voters can force law makers to consider a proposed law by signing a petition.

STATE GOVERNMENT

Recall:

a) Voters can have a special election to get rid of an elected official.

WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT

By the 1900’s, women still did NOT have the right to vote in most state elections or federal elections.

Women like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, wrote letters, gave speeches and were sometimes even jailed for their suffrage activities.

ELIZABETH CADY STANTON(SEATED) & SUSAN B. ANTHONY

Women were NOT given the right to vote until 1920 with the passage of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution.

TRUST BUSTER!!

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

THEODORE ROOSEVELT

THEODORE ROOSEVELTYOSEMITE, CALIFORNIA NATIONAL PARK

YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK

YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK-LOCATED IN WYOMING, MONTANA AND IDAHO, IT IS HOME TO A LARGE VARIETY OF WILDLIFE INCLUDING GRIZZLY BEARS, WOLVES, BISON, AND ELK. PRESERVED WITHIN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK ARE OLD FAITHFUL AND A COLLECTION OF THE

WORLD'S MOST EXTRAORDINARY GEYSERS AND HOT SPRINGS, AND THE GRAND CANYON OF THE

YELLOWSTONE.

ROOSEVELT FEDERAL LAND PROTECTION

230 million acres -The area of the United States that he placed under public protection totals approximately 230,000,000 acres.

WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT(September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930)

was the 27th President of the United States and later the 10th Chief Justice of the United States.

He is the only person to have served in both offices.

WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT

Actually broke up more trusts than Teddy Roosevelt

Raised Tariffs

Did NOT continue with Roosevelt’s conservation policies; angered Teddy Roosevelt.

ELECTION OF 1912

Three Progressive reformers wanted to become President: Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft and Woodrow Wilson.

Republican- William Howard Taft Democrat- Woodrow Wilson Bull Moose- Teddy Roosevelt

Because the Republican Party was divided between

Roosevelt and Taft, Wilson easily defeated them

becoming the first Democrat elected president in 20

years!

PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS- DOMESTIC ISSUES…

1. Teddy Roosevelt

2. William Howard Taft

3. Woodrow Wilson(1913-1921)

WOODROW WILSON(DECEMBER 28, 1856 – FEBRUARY 3, 1924

Narrowly re-elected in 1916, Wilson's second term centered on World War I. He based his re-election campaign around the slogan "he kept us out of the war," but U.S. neutrality was challenged in early 1917 when the German government proposed to Mexico a military alliance in a war against the U.S., and began unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking without warning every American merchant ship its submarines could find. Wilson in April 1917 asked Congress to declare war.

WOODROW WILSON

Introduced progressive reform movement called the NEW FREEDOM!

TARIFFS- Wilson wanted to force American business to compete by lowering high tariffs.

TRUSTS- signed the Clayton Anti-Trust Act

1. One company could NOT buy stock in a competing company

2. One person could NOT serve on the board of directors of two competing companies at the same time

WOODROW WILSON

Wilson set up the Federal Trade Commission(FTC)

A government agency that monitored business to ensure competition and

fair business practices.

Wilson also sets up the Federal Reserve Act Divided the nation into 12 districts , each having a

Federal Reserve Bank Set up a minimum amount of money local banks keep

on deposit. **Controls the amount of money in circulation.