Saladin TitheSaladin Tithe Saladin recaptures Saladin recaptures

Jerusalem and Acre Jerusalem and Acre 1187. 1187.

Extra 10% tax on Extra 10% tax on the people of the people of Western Europe for Western Europe for the Crusade. the Crusade. Why?Why?

Who?Who? Who was involved?Who was involved? --Richard IRichard I of of

England England -Phillip II -Phillip II AugustusAugustus of France of France

Frederick I Frederick I (Barbarossa)(Barbarossa) the the

Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor SaladinSaladin

The Crusade The Crusade Barbarossa’s Ends up Barbarossa’s Ends up

drowning drowning Richard, Phillip and the Richard, Phillip and the

rest of the German rest of the German army defeat Saladin at army defeat Saladin at the the Battle of AcreBattle of Acre..

Phillip leaves b/c Phillip leaves b/c Richard is being Richard is being difficult difficult slaughter of slaughter of 3,000 Muslims when 3,000 Muslims when Saladin is slow to pay.Saladin is slow to pay.

Richard’s FightRichard’s Fight Neither side can win Neither side can win

decisive battle. decisive battle. Finally agrees to Finally agrees to treatytreaty

Mutual respect Mutual respect 1192 Jerusalem stays 1192 Jerusalem stays

in Muslim control but in Muslim control but Christian pilgrims Christian pilgrims may visit unarmed may visit unarmed and untouched. and untouched. Legacy?Legacy?

The Fourth CrusadeThe Fourth Crusade1198 Pope Innocent III calls for crusade, 1198 Pope Innocent III calls for crusade, but not much interest. but not much interest. Why?Why?•Crusaders become entangled in Venetian Crusaders become entangled in Venetian politics politics •Sack Constantinople in 1204 Sack Constantinople in 1204 Drives two sects further apart and is the Drives two sects further apart and is the last nail for Byzantines.last nail for Byzantines.EXEMPLIFIES ALL OF THE PROBLEMS OF EXEMPLIFIES ALL OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE CRUSADES FOR THE EUROPEANSTHE CRUSADES FOR THE EUROPEANS

ImpactImpactOutcomeOutcome

Overall there Overall there were nearly 12 were nearly 12 Crusades, with Crusades, with none successfulnone successful

Emphasis shifts to Emphasis shifts to money economy , money economy , and Jews at home. and Jews at home.

Also, the Also, the breakdown of breakdown of feudalism feudalism hastened by hastened by powerful kings. powerful kings.

ReconquistaReconquista The “Reconquest” of SpainThe “Reconquest” of Spain

-from which group?-from which group? 1140-Established Portugal1140-Established Portugal 1300 – Control peninsula 1300 – Control peninsula

except for Grenada except for Grenada Ferdinand and Isabella Ferdinand and Isabella

complete conquering of complete conquering of Spain by 1492.Spain by 1492.

Begin expelling Non-Begin expelling Non-ChristiansChristians

The InquisitionThe Inquisition

Spanish court to find Spanish court to find heretics heretics

By 1252 torture is used By 1252 torture is used by the Church for gaining by the Church for gaining admission of sin.admission of sin.

By 1500’s Jews and Moors By 1500’s Jews and Moors were expelled from Spain. were expelled from Spain.