The’Olympians’in’Art...Image’source:’Artstor’ The“...

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MDS2/3 CLM Classical Mythology The Olympians in Art Gillian Shepherd

Transcript of The’Olympians’in’Art...Image’source:’Artstor’ The“...

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MDS2/3  CLM    Classical  Mythology  

The  Olympians  in  Art    

Gillian  Shepherd  

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Media  and  Contexts  •  Sculpture  –  Freestanding  (especially  in  sanctuaries)  – Architectural  (especially  temples)  

•  Vase  PainEng  (especially  Athenian)  –  Black  figure  –  Red  figure  

•  PainEng  (largely  lost)  •  Small  scale  works  (e.g.  statueLes,  coins)  •  Literary  texts  (e.g.  Pausanias)  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Acropolis-­‐Athens34.jpg  

The  Acropolis,  Athens  

•  urban/state  sanctuaries  (e.g.  Athenian    Acroplis)  •  Extra  urban  sanctuaries  (e.g.  Argive  Heraion)  •  Interstate/pan-­‐hellenic  sanctuaries  (e.g.  Olympia,  Delphi)  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/pharos/collecEon_pages/19th_pages/M.4-­‐1975/PIC_I-­‐4-­‐SE_M.4-­‐1975.html  

The  Peplos  kore    Athens,  c.  530  BC    

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lect11/img22architordrs.html  

The Orders

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Basic ground plan of a Greek temple NB Altar and temenos

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://proteus.brown.edu/greekpast/4895  

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Image source: ArtStor

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://195.176.180.15:82/medina/courses/cm0910/group4/pages/poc.php?ID_POC=41&ID_Lang=1  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lect10/img5dipylnamph.html  

Late  Geometric  Dipylon  Vase  750-­‐700  BC  Athens  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

The  Sounion  kouros  Sounion  (Sanctuary  of  Poseidon),  Adca  c.  600-­‐575  Ht  3.05  m  

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Image  source  page:  hLp://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Greek_-­‐_Procession_of_Twelve_Gods_and_Goddesses_-­‐_Walters_2340.jpg  

HellenisEc  relief  (1st  cent.  BC/1st  cent.  AD)  showing  the  12  gods  carrying  their  aLributes  

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Photo:  Gillian  Shepherd  

The  Piraeus  Apollo  (late  6th  cent.  BC?)  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.flickr.com/photos/21386822@N02/2084053565/  

The  IntroducEon  of  Herakles  to  Olympus  c.  550  Zeus,  Hera,  (Athena),  Herakles,  Hermes  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/default.php?pname=ArchaicAcropolis&la=2&collecEon=9  

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.flickr.com/photos/8204247@N08/2239021642/  

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.flickr.com/photos/schumata/63058767/  

Gigantomachy,  c.  510  BC  Old  Temple  of  Athena?  Acropolis  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

Athena  is  born  from  the  head  of  Zeus.  Hephaistos  (right)  acts  as  midwife.  Black  Figure  kylix,  550-­‐520  BCE.  ARTSTOR  Slide  Library.    

Artemision  Zeus  or  Poseidon  c.  450  BC  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

The  “Varvakeion  Athena”  (Roman,  1.045  m  high)  

The  Athena  Parthenos  statue  (Pheidias)    [The  statue]  is  made  of  ivory  and  gold.  In  the  middle  of  her  helmet  there  is  placed  the  image  of  a  sphinx…  and  on  each  side  of  the  helmet  griffins  are  represented…  the  statue  stands  upright  and  wears  a  tunic  that  reaches  to  her  feet,  and  on  her  breast  the  head  of  Medusa  is  represented  [=  the  aegis].  In  one  hand  she  holds  a  figure  of  Victory  about  4  cubits  high  and  in  the  other  she  holds  a  spear;  at  her  feet  is  placed  a  shield  and  near  the  shield  is  a  serpent.    

   Pausanias  1.24.5-­‐7  

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Athena  (reconstrucEon  of  Pheidias’  5th  cent.  original,  Nashville,  Tennessee  Image  Source  Page:  hLp://stevehollier.wordpress.com/2011/01/26/the-­‐parthenon-­‐nashville-­‐tennessee/  

NB  not  the  cult  statue    

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ReconstrucEon  of  Pheidias’  statue  of  Zeus  at  Olympia  Image  Source  Page:  hLp://ucrtoday.ucr.edu/455/2793_3hi  

The  god  is  seated  on  a  throne  made  of  gold  and  ivory…  in  his  right  hand  he  holds  a  figure  of  Victory…  the  bird  which  is  seated  on  top  of  the  sceptre  is  an  eagle.  The  shoes  of  the  god  are  gold  and  so  also  is  his  robe….    

   Pausanias  5.11.1ff  

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Photo:  Gillian  Shepherd  

Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.trentu.ca/faculty/rfitzsimons/AHCL2200Y/LE%2011-­‐03.htm  

Centauromachy  West  pediment,  Temple  of  Zeus,  Olympia  c.  470-­‐457  BC  

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Herakles  and  the  Stymphalian  Birds  (Metope,  Temple  of  Zeus,  Olympia,    c.  470-­‐457  BC)  

Image  source:  Artstor  

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Herakles  and  the  Apples  of  the  Hesperides    (Metope,  Temple  of  Zeus,  Olympia,  c.  470-­‐457  BC)  

Image  source:  Artstor  

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Cleaning  the  Augean  Stables  (Metope,  Temple  of  Zeus,  Olympia,  c.  470-­‐457  BC)  

Image  source:  Artstor  

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Temple  of  Hera,  Olympia  (early  6th  cent.  BC)  Photo  ©  Gillian  Shepherd    

“At  a  later  Eme  sEll  other  works  were  set  up  in  the  Temple  of  Hera,  among  them  a  Hermes  of  stone,  who  carries  the  infant  Dionysos,  the  work  of  Praxiteles”  

           Pausanias  5.17.3  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

Hermes  and  Dionysos  Praxiteles?    Olympia  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

Apollo  Sauroktonos  Roman  copy  of  an  original  by  Praxiteles,    c.  340  BC  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.whmsov.net/services/related_search.php?keyword=aphrodite+of+knidos&language=english&depth=2  

“The  full  extent  of  her  nudity  is  unhidden  by  any  clinging  raiment,  for  her  nudity  is  complete  insofar  as  she  holds  one  hand  in  front  of  her  to  hide  her  modesty…  as  the  doors  [of  the  temple]  were  opened…  unforeseen  amazement  at  the  goddess’s  beauty  seized  us…    

   Lucian  Amores  13-­‐14  

Aphrodite  of  Knidos    Roman  copy  of  an  original  by    Praxiteles,  c.  350-­‐40  BC  

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Image  Source  Page:  hLp://www.whmsov.net/services/related_search.php?keyword=aphrodite+of+knidos&language=english&depth=2  

Adc  Red  Figure  bell  krater,  the  Pan  Painter,  ca  470  BCE.  hLp://www.theoi.com/image/K6.1BArtemis.jpg  

See  this…     …  and  what  happens  to  you?  

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Image  source:  Artstor  

Image  source:  Artstor  

Farnese  Herakles  Roman  copy  of  an  original  by  Lysippos,  c.  330  BC    StatueLe  version:  42.5  cm  high  

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Hades  abducts  Persephone  in  his  chariot.  4th  cent.  Greek  fresco  from  the  Tomb  of  Persephone,  Vergina,  Macedonia.    hLp://www.theoi.com/image/F14.1Haides.jpg