The Zen of Visual Analysis
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Transcript of The Zen of Visual Analysis
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The Zen of Visual Analysis
Chris StolteVice President, Engineering & co-founder
Jock MackinlayDirector, Visual Analysis
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How do people reason about data?
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The Cycle of Visual Analysis
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“Wildlife Strike Database”http://wildlife-mitigation.tc.faa.gov/public_html/index.html
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Not just
“Aha!”
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advice:
Iterate, explore, and
experiment …regardless of task
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How do we empower individuals and groups to
effectively analyze and share data?
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Support the“Cycle of Visual Analysis”
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IncrementalExpressiveUnifiedDirect
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Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”: Incremental
Allow people to easily and incrementally change the data and how they are looking at it
click click
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advice:
Start simple…
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There is no single view for all tasks and all data
Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Expressive
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Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Expressive
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Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Expressive
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advice:Reverse your thinking
– start with the data
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versus
Traditional Reporting Tools
Traditional Visualization Tools
Tableau
Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Unification with the database
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Leverage the revolutionary changes
in database technology
Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Unification with the database
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Make the tool disappear. Allow the user to directly interact with the data.
Supporting the “Cycle of Visual Analysis”:
Direct Interaction
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How is this possible?
VizQL
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Generate Effective Views of Data
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People should not have to be
graphic designers or psychologists.
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An effective presentation of data:• Communicates all of the data• Communicates only the data• Leverages the human perceptual system• Is understandable• Is interpretable
Generating Effective Views of Data
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Communicates all of relevant data
Bad Bad Good
Generating Effective Views of Data
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Bad
Communicates only the data
Bad
Generating Effective Views of Data
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Bad Good
Leverages thehuman perceptual system
Generating Effective Views of Data
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Isunderstandable
Generating Effective Views of Data
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advice:Keep your visuals simple
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Isinterpretab
le
Generating Effective Views of Data
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advice:Annotate but remain focused
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How does Tableau support generating effective views of data?
– Best practices are built into the product• Great defaults• Show Me and Show Me Alternatives• Small multiples
– Limiting the visual properties to a proven set– Titling, captioning, and annotation
Generating Effective Views of Data
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Generate Beautiful Results
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Generate Beautiful Results
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Generate Beautiful Results
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Share Interactive Views
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Communicate all the data Demonstrate your confidenceAllow people to test your conclusionsLet your audience engage directly with the data
Share Interactive Views
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advice:Empower your audience –share interactive views
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Aggregated Underlying
Share Interactive Views
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advice:Data is a dishbest served raw
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Share Interactive Views
Ad hoc analysis often reveals effective patterns of analysis.
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advice:Leave a trail – model effective analysis with actions.
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How do I design for interaction?
Share Interactive Views
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“Overview first, zoom & filter,
then details-on-demand.”
Ben Shneiderman’s mantra:
Share Interactive Views
Quick filtersFiltering actionsView underlying dataTooltipsMaster-detail
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Jacques Bertin’s permutation matrices:Share Interactive Views
Programmatic sort1-click sort
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advice:know your audience and design for their questions
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Share Interactive Views
Task: Finding an object and viewing it “in context”
Wildcard filterText listsHighlighting
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Share Interactive Views
Task: Finding and understanding relationships
Dashboards with multiple perspectivesHighlighting
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Share Interactive Views
Interaction “resiliency”:Think about how your views will change when people interact
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“Wildlife Strike Database”http://wildlife-mitigation.tc.faa.gov/public_html/index.html
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Who can Visual Analysis help?
Anybody with data and questions
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advice:Do not limit yourself tolarge data or special projects
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advice:Seekoutside inspiration
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SummaryIterate, explore, and experiment regardless of taskStart simpleReverse your thinking and start with the dataKeep your visuals simpleAnnotate but remain focusedUse small multiplesEmpower your audience by sharing interactive viewsData is a dish best served rawLeave a trail – model effective analysis with actionsKnow your audience and design for their questionsDon’t limit yourself to large dataSeek outside inspiration