The US Civil War

War!When fighting began in 1861 at the Battle of Fort Sumter, the country split into two: the USA in the North and the CSA (Confederate States of America) in the South. In border states, many families and communities were split between the two and that is why the Civil War is often called “Brother against Brother”

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War!The North had a far larger population and more resources. The North could always bring in more soldiers, but the South could not. The North turned all of their factories into war supply factories and had all of the supplies they needed AND it helped their economy- the South had none of this. The North also had telegraphs and railroads.

War!

What is more important in war: Strategy and belief, or size and supplies?

War!The North’s Anaconda Plan was to surround and divide the South with their navy. They had a blockade around the Atlantic ports and tried to take over the Mississippi River. This plan would destroy the Southern economy, but it would take a long time.

War!The South hoped to fight long enough so the North would quit- they also hoped that Europe might help them- neither of these things happened.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederacy

War!Since the Anaconda Plan worked so slowly, Lincoln and the rest of the North grew impatient. They built armies and invaded the South in the east and in the west.

War!Since the South only had to defend, they won several battles and sent the North away, but they lost a little ground every time- and the North just kept invading over and over.

Shiloh

Fredericksburg

Chancellorsville

Bull Run

War!The Civil War used many new weapons that were far deadlier than anything ever used before. Rifles and cannons were more accurate, but tactics and medicine were far behind.

War!The whole world watched the US Civil War to learn about modern war. There were many firsts used such as iron warships and machine guns.

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Can war be good for finding new technology and help the economy?

War!The South knew that they had to try to invade the North and they were crushed at the Battle of Gettysburg in PA in 1863. After Gettysburg, it was only a matter of time before the South lost.

The south’s failed “Pickett’s Charge”

War!Slaves freed by the Northern Army joined the army and became a large fierce fighting force - - they had the most to lose!

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How do you think captured African-American soldiers were treated by Confederate soldiers?

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On April 9th , 1865 the South surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia.