The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South...
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Transcript of The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South...
SSWH8The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South America.
MESOAMERICA:
• Made up of Mexico & Central America
• Settled near coastal areas
• Moved from hunter-gatherers to domesticating animals & plants
OLMEC MAYA AZTEC INCALOCATION
GOVERNMENT
ECONOMY
RELIGION
ART
OLMEC CIVILIZATION:RISE:
Earliest American civilization; “Mother culture”
Located: along Gulf Coast of Mexico
Little is known
Powerful priest & noble class
Art: carved stone
Engaged in trade
Religion: polytheistic (based on nature/animals)
FALL:
Not sure of decline
Huge depopulation occurred
Possibly due to changes in the environment that did not allow farmers to continue living there
MAYAN CIVILIZATION:RISE:
Located: Yucatan Peninsula
Political Organization Made up of independent city-states Each city had its own king
Economic Organization City-states connected through
trade
Religious Organization Polytheistic Human Sacrifice
Social Organization Majority farmers Slaves
POWs
Intellectual Organization Writing
Hieroglyphics Ball Game Calendar Astronomy and Mathematics
MAYAN DECLINE:• 900 AD:
Abandoned many of their cities
• Possible warfare, overpopulation, or exhaustion of the soil are some theories
MAYAN BALL GAME:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pF03BXxUSY
AZTEC CIVILIZATION:RISE:
Located: Valley of Mexico
Capital: Tenochtitlan; today, Mexico City
Religion: polytheistic
Human sacrifice very important
One single ruler; nobles & priests important
Mostly farmers Chinampas: floating gardens for
growing food
FALL:
Conquered many people, led to discontent & rebellion
Sided with the Spanish
War raged between Spanish & Aztecs, smallpox infected Aztecs; huge decrease in population
INCAN CIVILIZATION:RISE: Located: South America in the
Andes Mountains
Capital: Cuzco
Stretched from Ecuador to Chile
One ruler; nobles ruled different areas
Mostly famers; terraces
Metalwork & weaving
Religion: polytheisitc
Trade not important
Quipa: collection of colored strings knotted to represent numbers (record keeping)
Road networks connected empire
Brain surgery
INCAN DECLINE:• Emperor died• Civil war broke
out over next successor
• Weakened empire right as Spanish invaders arrived
MACHU PICCHU:
MACHU PICCHU:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VaMI0bMwq_Q&list=PL067BE11F799B3F4B