The Roots of the Arab-Israeli Conflict (1890s-1947)
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By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
description
The Roots of the Arab-Israeli Conflict (1890s-1947). By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. The Dreyfus Case, 1894. Capt. Alfred Dreyfus. Emile Zola. Zionism. GOALS : The spiritual and political renewal of the Jewish people in its ancestral homeland of Palestine. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The Roots of the Arab-Israeli Conflict (1890s-1947)
By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
The Dreyfus Case, 1894The Dreyfus Case, 1894
Capt. Alfred Dreyfus
Capt. Alfred Dreyfus
Emile ZolaEmile Zola
ZionismZionism
Theodore Herzl1860-1904
Theodore Herzl1860-1904
GOALS:The spiritual andpolitical renewal ofthe Jewish peoplein its ancestralhomeland ofPalestine.
Freedom from Western anti-Semitism.
GOALS:The spiritual andpolitical renewal ofthe Jewish peoplein its ancestralhomeland ofPalestine.
Freedom from Western anti-Semitism.
First Zionist Conference, 1897
First Zionist Conference, 1897
Herzl writes Der Judenstaat, orThe Jewish State in 1896.
Met in Basel, Switzerland.
Creates the First Zionist Congress.
Becomes an international Jewishorganization.
“Next Year in Jerusalem!”
Herzl writes Der Judenstaat, orThe Jewish State in 1896.
Met in Basel, Switzerland.
Creates the First Zionist Congress.
Becomes an international Jewishorganization.
“Next Year in Jerusalem!”
The Ottoman Empire in WW1
The Ottoman Empire in WW1
The Middle East in 1914
The Middle East in 1914
British Promise to the Jews: Balfour Declaration,
1917
British Promise to the Jews: Balfour Declaration,
1917
Sir Arthur James Balfour
Br. Foreign Secretary
Sir Arthur James Balfour
Br. Foreign Secretary
His Majesty’s Government views with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine…
The League of Nations Mandates
The League of Nations Mandates
“New” Countries & Ruling Families Emerge!
“New” Countries & Ruling Families Emerge!
Prince Faisal “ruler” of Trans-Jordan.
Prince Abdullah “ruler” of a newly-created Iraq [pasted together from three distinctgeographic regions].
The House of Saud put on the throne of thenewly-created Saudi Arabia.
The Pahlavi Family put on the throne of a new Iran.
Mustafa Kemal leads a military/nationalistmovement in Turkey.
Prince Faisal “ruler” of Trans-Jordan.
Prince Abdullah “ruler” of a newly-created Iraq [pasted together from three distinctgeographic regions].
The House of Saud put on the throne of thenewly-created Saudi Arabia.
The Pahlavi Family put on the throne of a new Iran.
Mustafa Kemal leads a military/nationalistmovement in Turkey.
Treaty of Lausanne, 1923
Treaty of Lausanne, 1923
Modern Turkey Is Born.Modern Turkey Is Born.
Mustafa Kemal “Atatürk”
(1881-1938)
Mustafa Kemal “Atatürk”
(1881-1938)
Ataturk’s Reform Program
Ataturk’s Reform Program Capital moved from Constantinople to
Ankara.
Secularism Qur’an in Turkish translation.
Adoption of a republican constitution and aSwiss civil code.
Westernization & nationalism:
Compulsory, secular education.
Banning the fez.
Western [Roman] script.
Western clothing.
Women unveiled & given full citizenship and the right to vote.
Capital moved from Constantinople to Ankara.
Secularism Qur’an in Turkish translation.
Adoption of a republican constitution and aSwiss civil code.
Westernization & nationalism:
Compulsory, secular education.
Banning the fez.
Western [Roman] script.
Western clothing.
Women unveiled & given full citizenship and the right to vote.
Palestine Was Part of the
Ottoman Empire
Palestine Was Part of the
Ottoman Empire
Jews & Arabs in Palestine, 1920 Jews & Arabs in Palestine, 1920 In 1920, there
was 1 Jew toevery 10 Arabs inPalestine.
By 1947, the ratio was 2 Arabs forevery Jew.
In 1920, there
was 1 Jew toevery 10 Arabs inPalestine.
By 1947, the ratio was 2 Arabs forevery Jew.
The Arabs felt that they were loosing control of their “country!”
The Arabs felt that they were loosing control of their “country!”
British Mandate
in PalestineCreated
July, 1922
British Mandate
in PalestineCreated
July, 1922
Jewish Settlements: The Kibbutz SystemJewish Settlements: The Kibbutz System
First one founded in 1908.
Communal living.
“Make the DesertBloom!”
First one founded in 1908.
Communal living.
“Make the DesertBloom!”
1929 Arab Riots 1929 Arab Riots IZBAH AL-YAHUD!
[“Slaughter All the Jews!”]IZBAH AL-YAHUD!
[“Slaughter All the Jews!”]
Jewish
1919 1,806
1920 8,223
1921 8,294
1922 8,685
1923 8,175
1924 13,892
1925 34,386
1926 13,855
1927 3,034
1928 2,178
1929 5,249
1930 4,944
Immigration
1931 4,075
1932 12,533
1933 37,337
1934 45,267
1935 66,472
1936 29,595
1937 10,629
1938 14,675
1939 31,195
1940 10,643
1941 4,592
Palestine Arab Revolt: 1936-1939
Palestine Arab Revolt: 1936-1939
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj
Amin al-Hussani, with Adolf Hitler.
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj
Amin al-Hussani, with Adolf Hitler.
An end to Jewish immigration to Palestine.
An end to the transferof lands to Jewish owners.
A new “generalrepresentative government.”
An end to Jewish immigration to Palestine.
An end to the transferof lands to Jewish owners.
A new “generalrepresentative government.”
Their Goals:Their Goals:
Hitler’s
“FinalSolutio
n”
Hitler’s
“FinalSolutio
n”
The Jewish population in each country in 1942.
The Jewish population in each country in 1942.
Nazi Concentration & Extermination Camps
Nazi Concentration & Extermination Camps
The Nazi HolocaustThe Nazi Holocaust
6,000,00 Jews killed by the Nazis [1/2 in the concentration camps.]
6,000,00 Jews killed by the Nazis [1/2 in the concentration camps.]
Aliyah Bet : Illegal Jewish Immigration
Aliyah Bet : Illegal Jewish Immigration
Aliyah Bet Aliyah Bet
Illegal Jewish immigration to Palestine.
The Exodus, 1947.
Illegal Jewish immigration to Palestine.
The Exodus, 1947.
Palestine
Population in 1946
Palestine
Population in 1946
U. N. Partition Plan of 1947
U. N. Partition Plan of 1947
Israel Becomes a Nation:
May 14, 1948
Israel Becomes a Nation:
May 14, 1948
David Ben-Gurion,
1st Prime Minister
David Ben-Gurion,
1st Prime Minister
Chaim Weizmann,
1st President
Chaim Weizmann,
1st President
War Begins!: May 15, 1948
War Begins!: May 15, 1948
Arab Refugees, 1948Arab Refugees, 1948
The Palestinian Diaspora begins!The Palestinian Diaspora begins!
Armistice Signed, 1949Armistice Signed, 1949
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