UNIT 7Chapter 24 – WWII: The Road to WarChapter 25 – WWII: The Americans

America: Pathways to the Present

Section 1: The Rise of Dictators

Section 2: Europe Goes to WarSection 3: Japan Builds an Empire

Section 4: From Isolationism to War

Chapter 24: World War II: The Road to War (1931–1941)

PRESIDENTS OF THE U.S.

George Washington; Federalist (1788) John Adams; Federalist (1796) Thomas Jefferson (1800) James Madison (1808) James Monroe (1816) John Quincy Adams (1824) Andrew Jackson; Democrat (1828) Martin Van Buren; Democrat (1836) William Henry Harrison; Whig (1840) John Tyler; Whig (1841) James K. Polk; Democrat (1844) Zachary Taylor; Whig (1848) Millard Fillmore; Whig (1850) Franklin Pierce; Democrat (1852) James Buchanan; Democrat (1856) Abraham Lincoln; Republican (1860) Andrew Johnson; Democrat (1865) Ulysses S. Grant; Republican (1868) Rutherford B. Hayes; Republican (1876) James Garfield; Republican (1880)

#21 - …Chester A. Arthur; Republican (1881)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1884)Benjamin Harrison; Republican (1888)Grover Cleveland; Democrat (1892)William McKinley; Republican (1896)Theodore Roosevelt; Republican (1901)William Howard Taft; Republican (1908)Woodrow Wilson; Democrat (1912)Warren G. Harding; Republican (1920)Calvin Coolidge; Republican (1923)Herbert Hoover; Republican (1928)Franklin D. Roosevelt; Democrat (1932)

OBJECTIVESCORE OBJECTIVE: Analyze the

causes & consequences of World War II and the impact the war had on American society.

Objective 6.2: How did German expansion lead to war with Britain and France?

CHAPTER 24 SECTION 2 EUROPE GOES TO WAR

After the war began in September 1939, Germany easily conquered Poland, France, and several smaller countries, but Britain successfully defended itself against German air attacks

INVASION OF POLAND After Hitler invaded other parts of Czechoslovakia in 1938,

Britain and France ended their policy of appeasement. They warned Hitler that an invasion of Poland would mean war. Hitler, however, had stopped believing Britain and France.

WRITE THIS

DOWN! On September 1,

1939, Germany invaded Poland, which begins WWII Britain and France

declared war on Germany two days later.

BLITZKRIEG Germany quickly overran Poland using a fast military

tactic called blitzkrieg, or “lightening war.” Blitzkrieg tactics involved a fast, concentrated attack that took the

enemy by surprise.

To avoid war on two fronts, Germany signed a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union. In a secret addition to this pact, the two nations agreed to divide

between them the independent states of Eastern Europe.

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DOWN!

WESTERN EUROPE “Phony War” and the Maginot Line: After Poland fell, the war

entered a quiet period, called the “sitzkrieg” The American press called this lack of combat a “phony

war.” France prepared a massive string of fortifications, known as the Maginot Line,

along its border with Germany.

Germany Attacks: In April and May 1940, Germany attacked and quickly conquered Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.

Dunkirk: When Germany advanced on France, British and French forces retreated to the French coastal city of Dunkirk. Hundreds of thousands of soldiers were ferried from Dunkirk

to Great Britain in one of the greatest rescues in the history of warfare.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4DApCPy4Xk

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The Fall of France On June 22, 1940, France officially surrendered to Germany.

France occupied most of France

The French government controlled an area known as Vichy France in the south. Vichy France adopted a policy of collaboration, or close

cooperation, with Germany. A French Resistance movement sought to undermine German

occupation. supported by the Free French government in exile in Britain

By the summer of 1940, Hitler had conquered most of Western Europe and seemed on the verge of conquering the Allies, the group of countries that opposed the Axis Powers. Britain alone stood against the Axis.

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German Aggression

Between 1939 and 1941, Germany invaded and conquered much of Europe.

The Battle of BritainRelentless Attack Before attempting to invade Great

Britain, Germany wanted to establish superiority in the air.

In August 1940, Germany launched an air assault on Britain, called the Battle of Britain, which continued well into September.

At first, Germany only attacked British military sites. However, it later began bombing

London and other cities to decrease British morale.

Courageous Defense Although greatly outnumbered,

Britain’s Royal Air Force (RAF) worked to shoot down German bombers. Despite massive losses, the

British people kept their will to fight.

Germany was never able to win the air war or begin a land invasion

By February 1940, British scientists cracked the German secret communication code. This enabled Britain to get a general

idea of Hitler’s battle plans.

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ESSENTIAL QUESTIONHow did German expansion lead to

World War II? German expansion began with the invasion of

the Rhineland (1936), Austria, & the Sudetenland (1938)

The policy of appeasement to Hitler in the Munich conference of 1938 failed as Nazi Germany continued their aggression with the invasion of Czecholovakia

WW2 began with the invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939

Europe Goes to War—Assessment

How did Britain and France react to Hitler’s invasion of Poland? (A) They declared war on Germany.(B) They continued their policy of appeasement.(C) They signed a nonagression pact with the Soviet Union.(D) They surrendered to Germany.

Why was the Battle of Britain considered a victory for Great Britain?(A) It gave Britain control of Denmark and Norway.(B) It resulted in very little damage to London.(C) It failed to decrease British morale.(D) It helped the French Resistance reconquer France.

Europe Goes to War—Assessment

How did Britain and France react to Hitler’s invasion of Poland? (A) They declared war on Germany.(B) They continued their policy of appeasement.(C) They signed a nonagression pact with the Soviet Union.(D) They surrendered to Germany.

Why was the Battle of Britain considered a victory for Great Britain?(A) It gave Britain control of Denmark and Norway.(B) It resulted in very little damage to London.(C) It failed to decrease British morale.(D) It helped the French Resistance reconquer France.