The Rise and Fall of Rome

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Timeline and Mapping Activity

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“Romulus and

Remus”

by Pieter

Pauwel Rubens(1577)

800 BCE

Romulus and Remus, mythic founders of Rome, are born.

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Tiber River

The Latins and

the Etruscans

1200 BCE Latins, historical founders of Rome, settle on the Palatine River.

800 BCE Romulus and Remus, mythic founders of Rome, are born.

800 BCE Etruscans settle north of the Latin village on the Palatine.

600 BCE Etruscans dominate all of northern Italy and influenced Latin culture.

509 BCE Roman farmer-soldiers overthrow the Etruscans and establish a Republic.

275 BCE Rome has gained control of the whole Italian peninsula.

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The Romans fought against Hannibal’s

elephants in the Punic Wars

264 BCE

Romans come into contact with the Carthaginians of North Africa, Spain, and Sicily. Tension between them leads to the Punic Wars, which last about 1 20 years. Romans are victorious.

Romans vs. Corinthians

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146 BCE

Romans demand allegiance from Greek city of Corinth and attack it. Romans now are the ruling power of the Mediterranean region.

Pompey vs. Caesar

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79 BCE

Roman Generals Pompey and Julius Caesar have different ideas about how Rome should be ruled (aristocratic senators vs. one strong leader).

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46 BCE

After raising an army and conquering Pompey, Julius Caesar becomes dictator of Rome.

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Death of Julius Caesar

44 BCE

Caesar is killed by the senators who are suspicious of his ambition.

The Death of Cleopatra, Queen of

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31 BCE

Civil war breaks out between Octavian (Casear’s adopted son) and Marc Antony. Octavian wins. Antony and Egyptian Queen Cleopatra commit suicide and Octavian becomes absolute ruler of Rome, adding Egypt as a territory. Octavian is renamed Caesar Augustus and expands the Empire to natural defensible boundaries. The following period is called “Pax Romana,” a time of peace and unity for the empire.

The Five Good

Emperors

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96 –186 CE

Period of the Five Good Emperors included: ß an expansion of the empire to its greatest size ß social reforms ß public works

keeping the public happy

with free entertainment

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186-236 CE

Provinces revolt, civil war breaks out and there are 26 different emperors in 50 years, (25 removed by assassination)

284 CE Emperor Diocletian declares himself a god, establishing the idea that the emperor’s right to rule comes from the gods, not the people. He also split the empire in two to make it easier to control.

Constantine and the New Capital

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312 CE

Emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to a Greek city, later renamed Constantinople.

313 CE

Emperor Constantine establishes religious freedom, and later converts to Christianity.

Rome falls to the Barbarians

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476 CE

Rome falls to the Barbarians.

picture credits

www.wga.hu/art/r/rubens/ 22mythol/26mythol.jpghttp://galileo.rice.edu/images/things/italy_map.bmphttp://www.oldgloryminiatures.com/images/Painted_Elephant.jpgwww.shunya.net/Text/ Herodotus/Maps.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:CS002910.jpg#filehttp://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/BRGPOD/20147~Death-of-Julius-Caesar-Posters.jpghttp://library.wustl.edu/units/spec/exhibits/enchant/images/cleo1.gifhttp://www.search.com/reference/Roman_Empirewww.answers.com/topic/ five-good-emperors-jpg www.murphsplace.com/ gladiator/glads.htmwww.stnicholascenter.org/ Brix?pageID=33http://barista.media2.org/?p=2321Across the Centuries, Houghton Mifflin