The Old Kingdom 4-2 Pages 90-95. Early Egyptian Society Old Kingdom (O.K.) = time in Egyptian...
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Transcript of The Old Kingdom 4-2 Pages 90-95. Early Egyptian Society Old Kingdom (O.K.) = time in Egyptian...
The Old Kingdom4-2
Pages 90-95
Early Egyptian Society
Old Kingdom (O.K.) = time in Egyptian history from 2700 B.C. to 2200 B.C.
Rule by pharaohs:◦The pharaoh was both god and king◦Had absolute power ◦Government officials helped carry out the
pharaoh’s duties◦Khufu was the most well-known pharaoh of the
O.K./the Great Pyramid was built for him in Giza
Early Egyptian Society
Social Structure:◦Pharaoh*◦Priests*◦Government officials*◦Scribes◦Craft workers/Artisans◦Merchants◦Farmers (where most Egyptians fell in the social
pyramid)◦Slaves ◦*Made up of nobles (people from rich and wealthy
families)
Early Egyptian Society
Egypt and It’s Neighbors:◦Contact and influence from other cultures:
Nubia, Punt, Syria, and Sumer◦Attained
gold, ivory, slaves, and stone from Nubia incense and myrrh from Punt Lumber from Syria
◦Sumerian designs found in Egyptian art◦Egyptians used Nubian poetry style
Religion & Egyptian Life
The Gods of Egypt:◦Polytheistic◦Develop unified religion during the O.K.◦Temples built to honor the gods/goddesses◦Key Egyptian gods/goddesses:
Re/Ra or Amon-Re = the sun god Anubis = god of the dead/mummification Osiris = god of the underworld Isis = goddess of magic and women Horus = god of the sky and the pharaohs
Religion & Egyptian Life
Afterlife:◦Entered an ideal and perfect world after death◦Ka = a person’s life force that becomes a spirit
after death but is still tied to the body◦The ka still had the same needs in the afterlife
that a person had on earth◦As a result of this belief, Egyptians were buried
with objects ranging from furniture to clothes◦Families would bring food/drink to the burial
sites
Religion & Egyptian Life
Burial practices:◦The ka had to recognize the body or it would
suffer in the afterlife◦To preserve the body, Egyptians practiced
mummification◦Only the wealthy could afford to be mummified◦Average Egyptians were buried on the outskirts
of the desert in shallow graves where their bodies were naturally preserved (due to lack of moisture).
The Pyramids
Pyramids – huge stone tombs with four triangle-shaped walls that met in a point on top
Pyramids began being built during the O.K.Pyramids are an example of the
engineering accomplishments of the ancient Egyptians
The size of the structures were a symbol of the pharaoh’s importance