The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.
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Transcript of The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.
![Page 1: The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ef65503460f94c0aac5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The muscles of limbs
。
SHANDONG UNIVERSITY
Liu Zhiyu
![Page 2: The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ef65503460f94c0aac5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The muscles of upper limb
The muscles of upper limb are divided into:
The muscles of
shoulder
arm
forearm
hand
![Page 3: The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ef65503460f94c0aac5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Teres major
Subscapularis
Muscles of shoulder
![Page 4: The muscles of limbs 。 SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649ef65503460f94c0aac5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Deltoid Origin: lateral third of clavi
cle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: abducts the arm; anterior part may flexes and medically rotates the arm and the posterior part extends and laterally rotates arm
Muscles of shoulder
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Teres major Origin: dorsal surface of
inferior angle of scapula Insertion: crest of lesser
tubercle of humerus Action: medially rotates
and adducts arm
Muscles of shoulder
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Antererior group
Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Brachialis
Muscles of arm
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Biceps brachii Origin: long head, supraglenoid tubercle; short head, coracoid process
Insertion: radical tuberosity
Action: supinator of forearm, flexor of elbow joint, weak flexor of should joint
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Posterior group:
Triceps brachii Origin: long head, infraglenoid tub
ercle; lateral head, above groove for radical n., medical head, below groove for radical n.
Insertion: olecranon of ulna Action: extends elbow joint), long
head can extend and adduct shoulder joint
Muscles of arm
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Muscles of forearm
Superficial layer Brachioradialis Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris
Anterior group (9)
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Pronator teres Origin: medical epicon
dyle of humerus and deep fascia of forearm
Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius
Action:
pronation of forearm
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Muscles of forearm
Second layer- flexor digitorum superficials
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Third layer Flexor digitorum prof
undus Flexor pollicis longus
Fourth layer- pronator quadratus
Action: flex radiocarpal joint and fingers, pronate forearm
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Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Posterior group (10)
Superficial layer (5)
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Supinator Abductor pollicis longus E
xtensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Action: extend radiocapral joint and fingers, and supinate forearm
Deep layer (5)
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Supinator Origin: lateral epicondy
le of humerus and upper part of lateral border of ulna
Insertion: upper third of anterior surface of radius
Action: supination of forearm
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Lateral group- thenar
Abductor pollicis brevis F
lexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Adductor pollicis Action: flex, abduct, adduct and oppose thumb
Muscles of hand
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Medial group- hypothenar Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi
Action: flex, abduct , and oppose little finger
Muscles of hand
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Lumbricales (4)- flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
Palmar interossei (3)- adduct fingers towards middle finger
Dorsal interossei (3)- abduct fingers away from middle finger
Intermedial group
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The muscles of lower limb
The muscles of lower limb are divided into:
The muscles of
HipThighLegfoot
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一、The muscles of Hip
(一) Anterior group1 、 Iliopsoas
Psoas major
Iliacus
Action: flexes the thigh and rotate thigh laterally。
2 、 tensor fasciae latae
lesser trochanter
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(二) posterior group1 、 Gluteus Maximus Action : extend the thigh and rotate the thigh laterally
2 、 Piriformis
Action : rotate and abduct the thigh laterally
Piriformis
Piriformis
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piriformis
Gluteus medius
Gluteas minimus
Obturator inernus
Quadratus femoris
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Action : abdut the thigh
rotate thigh laterally
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris
Obturator externus
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二、 The muscles of thigh (一)Anterior group
1 、 Sartorius
Action : flexes the thigh and the leg ,When the knee is flexed, it medially rotates the leg.
2 、 Quadriceps Femoris Rectus femoris
Vastue lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus untermedius
Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: the upper part of the medial surface of the tibia
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二、 The muscles of thigh
2 、 Quadriceps Femoris
Action : extend the leg ;
rectus femoris also flexes the thigh
Origin:
Rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine
Vastus medialis: medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus lateralis: lateral lip of linea aspera
Vastus intermedius: anterior surface of femur
Insertion:
tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
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Adductor longus
Pectineus m.
Gracilis m.Addcor magnus
Adductor bravis
(二) Medial group
Adduct and rotate the thigh laterally
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(三) posterior group1、 Biceps Femoris
Action : extend the thigh and flexes the leg
2、 Semitendinosus
3、 Semimembranosus
Action : extend the thigh and flexes the leg
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三、The muscles of leg
(一)Anterior group
Extensor digitorum longus
extend 1-4 toes
Action of anterior group: Dorsiflex of ankle joint
Tibialis anterior
Invert the foot
Extensor hallucis longus
extend the big toes
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三、 The muscles of leg
(二) lateral group
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis
Action : plan
tar flexes the
ankle and the
eversion of fo
ot
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(三) The posterior group
1 、 Superficial layer
Triceps surae
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Action : plantar flexe the ankle , Gastrocnemius also flex the legTendo calcane
us
Gastrocnemius Soleus
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1 、 deep layer: consists of 4 muscles.
Popliteus
Action: flex leg and rotate the leg medially
Flexor hallucis longus
Action: plantarflex ankle joint and flexes the big toe
Flexor digitorum longus Action: flexes lateral four toes, plantarflexes foot
Tibialis posterior
Action: plantarflexes and inverts foot
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四、 The muscles of foot 足肌
(一) The muscles on the dorsum of foot
extensor digitorum brevis : extense the 2-4 toe.
extensor hallucis brevis: extense the big toe.
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
1. Medial group 内侧组 Abductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Abductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
1. Medial group
Abductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
Adductor hallucis
Adductor hallucis
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
2. intermediate group
Flexor digitorum brevis
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricalis
Interosseous m.
Flexor digitorum brevis
Lumbricalis
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
2. intermediate group
Flexor digitorum brevis
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricalis
Interosseous m.Quadratus plantae
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
2. intermediate group Flexor digitorum brevisQuadratus plantae LumbricalisInterosseous m. plantar interosseous m. dorsal interosseous m.
plantar interosseous m
dorsal interosseous m.
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四、 The muscles of foot
(一) The muscles of the sole
3. lateral group Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abducentor digiti minimi
Action: collectively they are sigificant in posture and locomotion, and mainly support the arches of the foot.