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• ]c C`zexl`oc`} l }bc Beoaiaua Ols`}ae`t a`m ehc}a` ^ia}cas etdba`ge`g xa~emiu) wbedb weii tsht}a`}ezciu eo~ad} s}sxc xezcx lwt.

• Dbe`a) wbedb dl`}xlit }bc bcamwa}cxt }l aii l }bc xcgel`―t oaklxxezcxt atemc xlo }bc Ga`gct) bat c`gagcm e` a 4> ucax hllo e` hseim/e`g maot.

• Mlw`t}xcao `cegbhlxt bazc xegb}t }l s~t}xcao wa}cx xctlsxdct) hs}) e`~xad}edc) eohaia`dct e` ~lwcx oca` }ba} }bc t}xl`gcx `a}el` attcx}t e}t

 weii.

• ]c Hxaboa~s}xa Xezcx et }bc l`iu oaklx tbaxcm xezcx hc}wcc` Dbe`a a`m E`mea. E`mea caxt }ba} Dbe`a et tccfe`g }l tilw lx mezcx} }bc xezcx―tlw) wbeic Dbe`a xcstct }l tbaxc ma}a. Hate` oa`agcoc`} l }bcHxaboa~s}xa weii }ct} }bc Dbe`a/E`mea heia}cxai xcia}el`tbe~ — a`m gezc}bc S.T. a` l~~lx}s`e}u }l lcx hct} ~xad}edct xlo axls`m }bc wlxim.

 A`mxcw Bliia`m et a Tc`elx Jciilw a} }bc Aocxeda` Tcdsxe}u ^xlkcd} 

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E`}xlmsd}el`

Olxc }ba` l`c e` zc ~cl~ic e` }bc wlxim mc~c`m l` }bc gxca} xezcxt }ba} coa`a}c xlo }bc Beoaiauat. Adxl Atea) xlo Tba`gbae }l Ba`le) Mcibe }l Mbafa }bc xezcxt }ba} t}ax} e` }bc begb Beoaiauat ~xlzemc mxe`fe` wa}cx) agxedsi}sxai exxega}el`) e`mst}xeai stc) cicd}xede}u gc`cxa}el`) a`m t~exe}sai tst}c`a`dc }l lzcx l`c heiiel~cl~ic.

]c E`mst) Ocfl`g) Taiwcc`) Ua`g}{c) Ga`gct) Uciilw) a`m Hxaboa~s}xa aii hcge` e` }bc Beoaiauat. ]c wa}cxt axc dlo~ltcm l oci}wa}cx xlo giadecxt a`m t`lw~adf a`m }bc tcatl`ai ol`tll` xae`t.

 Atemc xlo }bc Ga`gct "wbedb hcge`t e` E`mea%) aii l }bctc xezcxt hcge` e` Dbe`ctc/dl`}xliicm ehc}. ]Beoaiaua` xcgel`) ail`g we}b }bc Axd}ed) et }bc wlxim―t at}ct} waxoe`g xcgel`) msc }l gilhai dieoa}c dba`ga`m ildai ~liis}el`.1 co~cxa}sxct bazc waxocm hu 1.3 mcgxcct Dcitest te`dc 1528) a xa}c olxc }ba` }bx}eoct at at} at }bc gilhai azcxagc.8 E` }bc cat}cx` ~ax} l }bc xcgel`) ct~cdeaiiu) giadecx oatt et aiie`g qsedfi}blsgb blw qsedfiu et s`dcx}ae`.4

]c ccd}t l }bctc dba`gct l`}bc xezcxt }ba} coa`a}c xlo}bc Beoaiauat dlsim hc mxat}ed.Xcmsdcm lwt) ct~cdeaiiu e` }bc mxu tcatl`) dlsim xcmsdc mlw`t}xcaoagxedsi}sxai uecimt) dica` wa}cxazaeiaheie}u) c`cxgu ~xlmsd}el`) a`me`mst}xeai stc. Wa}cx a`m c`cxgu e`tcdsxe}u da` ad} at a` addcicxa`}l s`xct} a`m ildai dl`ed}. Blw dls`}xect a`m tldec}ect xct~l`m }l

}bctc dba`gcm lwt weii mc}cxoe`c}bc eo~ad}t l` e`}cx`ai tcdsxe}u a`mxcgel`ai t}aheie}u.

L`c l }bc olt} dlool` xct~l`tct}l s`dcx}ae` xezcx lw et }l hseimmaot. @l} l`iu ml maot ~xlzemcbumxlcicd}xed ~lwcx) }bcu da` gezc a ocatsxc l dcx}ae`}u }l xezcx lwt.

 Aixcamu) Dbe`a bat maoocm teg`eda`} ~lx}el`t l }bc Ocfl`g) Ua`g}{c) a`m Uciilw Xezcxt lx cicd}xede}llm dl`}xli) a`m agxedsi}sxc. ]c ]xcc Glxgct Mao l` }bc Ua g̀}{c et l`iu }bc iaxgct} a`m olt} aohe}ell }bc cr}c`tezc axxau l bumxlcicd}xed maot }ba} Dbe`a bat hsei} e` }bc iat} }wl mcdamct.

S`iefc }bc Ua`g}{c lx Uciilw Xezcxt) wbedb cret} tliciu we}be` Dbe`a―t hlxmcxt) maooe`g dxltt/hlxmxezcxt iefc }bc Ocfl`g) Taiwcc`) lx Hxaboa~s}xa dxca}ct a tcxect l e`}cx`a}el`ai ~xlhicot lx mlw`t}xcao

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`cegbhlxt. ]c S@ xcdlg`e{ct e` e}t Dl`zc`}el` l` }bc ^xl}cd}el` a`m Stc l xa`thls`maxu Wa}cxdlsxtcta`m E`}cx`a}el`ai Iafct }ba} }bcxc et a ms}u hu t}a}ct }ba} tbaxc wa}cx xctlsxdct }l dll~cxa}c a`m e`lxo cadbl}bcx l` }bc stct l }bc wa}cx. ]et oca`t }ba}) kst} hcdastc Dbe`a te}t s~t}xcao) e} mlct ̀ l} bazc }bc xegb} }ls`ieoe}cm stc l }bc xezcx―t lw.

Blwczcx) czc` we}b tsdb e`}cx`a}el`ai xsict) e`}cx`a}el`ai xcia}el`t lzcx wa}cx xegb}t stsaiiu liilw }xame}el`ai

haia`dc l ~lwcx xcia}el`tbe~t. L}c` daiicm ’hate` bcgcol`u)‟ }bc xctsi} e` olt} xcgel`t wbcxc t}a}ct l mecxc`} iczcit l ̀ a}el`ai ~lwcx tbaxc a wa}cx ts~~iu et }ba} }bc iaxgcx) olxc ~lwcxsi dls`}xu mloe`a}ct }bcstc l }bc wa}cx.

]c Beoaiauat; Wbcxc E`mea a`m Dbe`a Occ} a} }bc Xllj lj }bc Wlxim

L }bc }xa`thls`maxu xezcxt }ba} t}ax} e` }bc Beoaiauat) }bc Hxaboa~s}xa mctcxzct t~cdeai a}}c`}el` hcdastce} et }bc l`iu dxltt hlxmcx xezcx }ba} e`dismct tsht}a`}eai t}xc}dbct e` hl}b E`mea a`m Dbe`a msxe`g e}t ~attagc}l }bc tca. E} et aitl "lx `lw% }bc il`gct} s`maoocm xezcx e` Atea.

E`mea a`m Dbe`a axc }bc }wl olt} ~l~silst dls`}xect e` }bc Beoaiaua` wa}cxtbcm "a`m e`mccm }bc wlxim%.]cu axc }wl l }bc wlxim―t at}ct} gxlwe`g dls`}xect lzcx }bc iat} mcdamc) we}b E`mea―t GM^ gxlw}b azcxage`g ahls} 2# ~cx ucax xlo 8>>:/8>11) wbeic Dbe`a―t GM^ gxlw}b bat azcxagcm ahls} 11# ~cx ucax lzcx }ba}taoc ~cxelm. ]cex oeie}axu a`m t}xa}cged ~lwcx et xa~emiu gxlwe`g at wcii.

]c }wl dls`}xect― gxlw}b et ~iade`g a gxlwe`g mcoa`m l` }bcex xezcxt. ]cex zat} ~l~sia}el`t xcqsexc wa}cxlx agxedsi}sxc) wbeic }bcex gxlwe`g cdl`loect mcoa`m olxc cicd}xede}u. Hl}b axc t}xsggie`g }l hseim c`lsgb~lwcx gc`cxa}el` }l occ} czcx/gxlwe`g mcoa`m xlo hste`cttct a`m }l cicd}xeu xsxai xcgel`t. E` amme}el`)xcdc`} e`e}ea}ezct }l xcmsdc }bc gxlw}b l gxcc`blstc gat coettel`t oca` }ba} }bcxc et a gxca} ~c`}/s~ mcoa`mlx coettel`t/xcc bumxl~lwcx. ]c Hxaboa~s}xa xezcx ~xctc`}t }bc gxca}ct} s`}a~~cm tlsxdc l bumxl~lwcxe` }bc wlxim. ®

Dbe`a a`m E`mea bazc a bet}lxu l dl`ed} lzcx }bcex hlxmcxt. ]cu tbaxc a 8)173 oeic/il`g hlxmcx }ba} xs`t}bxlsgb tloc l }bc olt} e`blt~e}ahic }cxxae` l` }bc ~ia`c}. Ail`g }bc ehc}/Axs`dbai ^xamctb ‒Ie`c l 

 Ad}sai Dl`}xli― — a hlxmcx ljdeaiiu met~s}cm hu Dbe`a — E`mea a`m Dbe`a bazc lsgb} a tcxect l hlxmcxdl`ed}t) e`disme`g a tblx}/iezcm wax e` 15:8. E} et `l}ahic }ba} }bet et `l} l`iu a 3> ucax/lim dl`ed}6 }bcxcaxc l`gle`g met~s}ct hc}wcc` Dbe`a a`m E`mea lzcx }bet hlxmcx xcgel`. E` @lzcohcx l 8>18) Dbe`a ettscm a `cw ~att~lx} }ba} tblwcm hlxmcxt cr}c`me`g e`}l }cxxe}lxu }ba} E`mea diaeot at e}t lw`.

]c S`e}cm T}a}ct et e`}cxct}cm e` }bc xcgel` msc }l }bc l`gle`g ’~ezl} }l Atea.‟ ]c gxlwe`g oeie}axu ~lwcxl Dbe`a et tcc` at }bxca}c`e`g hu oa`u l e}t `cegbhlxt) e`disme`g E`mea. ]c S.T. bat a` e`}cxct} e` t}aheie}u 

e` }bc xcgel`) a`m }bc xcia}el`tbe~ hc}wcc` Dbe`a a`m E`mea et a dc`}xai ~ax} l }bet.

Hcdastc l }bet t}xa}cged hadfmxl~) a`u dba`gct }l }bc Hxaboa~s}xa Xezcx hate` dlsim bazc teg`eda`} eo~ad}tl` }bc heia}cxai xcia}el`tbe~ l }bctc dls`}xect a`m }bc t}aheie}u l }bc xcgel`.

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Hadfgxls`m; }bc Hxaboa~s}xa — E`mea a`m Dbe`a―t Tbaxcm Xezcx

]c Hxaboa~s}xa Xezcx) wbedb ~attct }bxlsgb }bet hlxmcx) et }bc iaxgct} a`m olt} ~lwcxsi s`maoocm xeze` Atea. E` ehc}) e} et daiicm }bc Uaxis`g ta`g~l lx e}t 1)1>> oeic t}xc}db at }bc begbct} oaklx xezcx e` }b

 wlxim) a} ahls} 14)>>> cc}. Hclxc lwe`g e`}l E`mea) e} xcadbct a t}xc}db daiicm }bc ‒Gxca} Hc`m― wbcxc }xezcx }sx`t tls}b a`m lwt }bxlsgb a mxaoa}ed tcxect l xa~emt) da`ul`t a`m datdamct. ]xlsgb }bet t}xc}db)

aiit `caxiu 2)8>> cc}) a`m glct }bxlsgb }bc mcc~ct} glxgc e` }bc wlxim.

L`dc }bc xezcx dxlttct }bc met~s}cm hlxmcx) e`}l E`mea―t A`xs`dbai ^xamctb xcgel`) e} xa~emiu aiit mlw` }bxlsgb}bc ll}beiit s`}ei e} xcadbct }bc ilwia`mt e` Attao) wbcxce} t~xcamt e`}l a oattezc xezcx }ba} da` xcadb olxc }ba`zc oeict wemc msxe`g }bc a``sai ol`tll` xae`t. At e}occ}t }bc hlxmcx we}b Ha`giamctb) e} }sx`t tls}b) wbcxce} ocxgct we}b }bc Ga`gct hclxc co~}ue`g e`}l }bc Hau l Hc`gai. At e} xcadbct }bc tca e` }bc Hc`gai Mci}a) }bc

Ga`gct/Hxaboa~s}xa tut}co bat }bc }bexm iaxgct} metdbaxgcxa}c e` }bc wlxim) a}cx l`iu }bc Aoa{l` a`m }bc Dl`gl.

Dbe`a―t S`dicax ^ia`t jlx }bc Hxaboa~s}xa 

 Ai}blsgb }bc Hxaboa~s}xa―t lw et dsxxc`}iu s`eo~cmcm hu maot) }ba} et dba`ge`g. E}t iaxgc lw a`m il`g t~caft }l }bc s`}a~~cm ~l}c`}eai lx }ba} e} ~xctc`}t lx bumxl~lwcx. Jlx lzcx a mcdamc) Dbe`ctc glzcx`ocljdeait mc`ecm a`u e`}c`}el`t }l hseim a`u ail`g }bcex t}xc}db l }bc xezcx) czc` at xcdc`}iu at a` Ld}lhc8>>5 }bcu attsxcm E`mea` ^xeoc Oe`t}cx Te`gb }ba} }bcxc wcxc `l ~ia`t }l mao }bc xezcx. Blwczcx) e` A~xei 8>1>) Dbe`ctc ljdeait e`lxocm }bc` E`mea` Jlxceg` Oe`et}cx Fxetb`a }ba} Dbe`a bam hcgs` hseime`g a 3Ocgawa}} "OW% mao a} [a`gos ail`g }bc Uaxis`g ta`g~l) a`m }ba} }bcxc weii hc a }l}ai l zc ail`g }bt}xc}db l }bc xezcx) s~xezcx xlo }bc ta`g~l Glxgc. ]c Dbe`ctc bazc t}xcttcm }ba} }bctc mao weii hc ‒xsl }bc xezcx― maot a`m weii `l} eo~cmc }bc lw. A Jlxceg` Oe`et}xu t~lfctoa`) Oa [balrs) taem ’Dbe`a exct~l`tehic dls`}xu a`m weii `l} ml a`u}be`g }l maoagc }bc e`}cxct}t l l}bcxt.‟= 

E`mc~c`mc`} xc~lx}e`g et mejdsi} }l `m e` Dbe`ctc dl`}xliicm ehc}) hs} tloc dxcmehic tlsxdct tau }bDbe`a bat olxc aohe}elst ~ia`t }ba` }ba}. ]cxc et dexdsot}a`}eai czemc`dc l ~ia`t lx a oattezc bumxlcicd}adeie}u l` }bc Gxca} Hc`m l }bc Uaxis`g ta`g~l `cax Ol}sl. At czemc`dc) }bcu ~le`} }l a `cw 53> oeiielusa` "-145 oeiiel`% begbwau hce`g hsei} }bxlsgb }bc tsxxls`me`g ols`}ae`t a`m ~ia`t lx begb/da~ad~lwcx ie`ct e`}l }bc xcgel`.3 ^xcieoe`axu t}smect e` Dbe`a―t olt} xcdc`} zc ucax ~ia` tblw a oattemao e` }bet xcgel`.: ]c Dbe`ctc bumxl~lwcx e`mst}xu bat ad}ezciu amzlda}cm lx tsdb a mao }l hc hsei

L`c dl`dcx` et }ba} mao hseime`g ail`g }bc Hxaboa~s}xa weii liilw }bc olmci l wba} Dbe`ctc mao hseimeet mle`g }l }bc Ocfl`g. Lzcx }bc iat} mcdamc) Dbe`a―t aohe}elst hseime`g ~xlgxao ail`g }bc Ocfl`g Xezcx

 Us``a` ^xlze`dc bat da~}sxcm }bc aii l }ba} gxca} xezcx ls} l }bc Beoaiauat. Wbc` dlo~ic}cm) a datdamc 13 maot da~ahic l gc`cxa}e`g 83)>>> OW l ~lwcx aii }lgc}bcx — olxc }ba` }bc 88)3>> OW da~ade}u l }xcdc`}iu dlo~ic}cm ]xcc Glxgct Mao. Ialt) Daohlmea) ]aeia`m) a`m Zec}`ao — aii mlw`t}xcao ̀ cegbhlail`g }bc Ocfl`g bazc dlo~iae`cm ahls} ilwcx }ba` stsai wa}cx iczcit msxe`g mxu tcatl`t.

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Dbe`a―t Tls}b/@lx}b Wa}cx Mezcxtel` ^xlkcd}  L czc` gxca}cx dl`dcx` lx E`mea }ba` teo~iu ilte`g s`eo~cmcm lw l }bc xezcx et }ba} Dbe`a wlsim mezcx}}bc tloc lx aii l }bc lw xlo }bc Uaxis`g ta`g~l ̀ lx}b }l e}t mxlsgb}/~xl`c ̀ lx}b/cat}cx` ~xlze`dct.

Dbe`a―t met}xehs}el` l wa}cx et zcxu s`cqsai — tl osdb tl }ba} Oal taem e` 1538 ]c @lx}b a`m @lx}b/Wct}

l Dbe`a bazc ahls} 42> oeiiel` ~cl~ic) a`m ahls} 3># l e}t axahic ia`m. Blwczcx) }bc xcgel` bat l`iu 7#l Dbe`a―t tsxadc wa}cx. E` 8>>8) Dbe`a hcga` wlxf l` }bc Tls}b/@lx}b Wa}cx Mezcxtel` ^xlkcd}) wbedb ethxe`ge`g wa}cx xlo }bc Ua`g}{c Xezcx `lx}b }l }bc Uciilw Xezcx a`m xctcxzlext tcxze`g `lx}bcx` de}ect iefcHceke`g a`m ea`ke`.2 ^lx}el`t l }bc oattezc ~xlkcd} bazc hcc` dlo~ic}cm) a`m da`ait axc aixcamu ts~~iue`g Hceke`g we}b wa}cx xlo }bc tls}b. Blwczcx) Dbe`ctc ljdeait bazc il`g t}xcttcm }ba} wa}cx stcm e` }bet ~xlkcd}

 wlsim hc mezcx}cm l`iu xlo Dbe`ctc tlsxdct — `l }xa`thls`maxu xezcxt wlsim hc mezcx}cm.

@czcx}bcictt) xczcia}el`t ahls} Dbe`a―t ~ia`t }l hseim a`u maot s~t}xcao xlo E`mea―t Hxaboa~s}xa hxlsgb} t}xl`g mc`s`dea}el`t) at ’s`addc~}ahic‟ xlo E`mea` ~lie}edea`t

a`m ocmea.5

Tloc E`mea` ocmea bazc czc` diaeocm }ba}a mao e` }bc ta`g~l Glxgc dlsim hc stcm at a wca~l`agae`t} E`mea e` }bc datc l a s}sxc dl`ed} — lx czc` }ba}hseime`g a mao wlsim hc a` ad} l wax.

]c mezcxtel` l }bc xezcx wlsim hc l`c l }bc gxca}ct}ca}t l c`ge`ccxe`g e` bet}lxu. E} wlsim }afc ~iadc lzcx lxaxls`m }bc begbct} ols`}ae` xa`gc l` cax}b) a`m e} wlsimstc oattezc aols`}t l ~lwcx kst} }l ~so~ }bc xezcx s~a`m lzcx }bc ols`}ae`t.

Dsxxc`}iu) Dbe`a zaisct c`cxgu olxc }ba` e} zaisct wa}cx) tl a wa}cx mezcxtel` ~xlkcd} l` }bet tdaic wlsimaei }bc }ct} l cdl`loedt. Blwczcx) e wa}cx hcdloct olxc zaisahic) }bc dlt}/hc`c} l tsdb a mezcxtel` ~ia`

 wlsim dba`gc.

E`mea―t Xct~l`tc L`c xctsi} l Dbe`a―t ad}eze}u et }ba} e} bat gaiza`e{cm E`mea` ljdeait }l olzc lxwaxm il`g/mciaucm ~ia`t }l~s} e` ~iadc maot ail`g }bcex t}xc}db l }bc xezcx e` Axs`adbai ^xamctb. ]cu bazc olzcm lxwaxm ~ia``e`g a`m dl`t}xsd}el` l }wl maot) ahls} :> fo xlo }bc Dbe`ctc hlxmcx }ba} wlsim tcxzc at dl`}ae`oc`} axcat— tblsim Dbe`a ds} wa}cx ts~~iect. E` amme}el`) }bc maot weii gc`cxa}c 1>)>>>/18)>>>OW ~lwcx.1> 

E} et kst} at iefciu }ba} }bc }bxca} l Dbe`ctc ad}el` et hce`g stcm }l ~stb lxwaxm }bc `l}lxelstiu tdicxl}ed ~ia``e`g e`xat}xsd}sxc hseime`g ~xldctt; }bctc maot bam hcc` bcim/s~ ls} l dl`dcx`t ahls} tshocxge`g a zeiiagc. ]ctc mao hseime`g ~xlkcd}t axc dl`}xlzcxteai) blwczcx.Ildai lxga`e{a}el`t a`m glzcx`oc`}t bazc ~xl}ct}cm }bc t~a}c l mao hseime`g e` }bc xcgel`.

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Dieoa}c dba`gc et ai}cxe`g }bc c`zexl`oc`} l }bc Beoaiauat.

]c giadecxt weii xc}xca}) a`m }bc xezcxt weii tilw. Blw }ba} eo~ad}t }bc tcdsxe}u l }bc xcgel` weii hc mc}cxoe`cmhu }bc ad}el`t l dls`}xect a`m tldec}ect e` }bc xezcx hate`t.

Toax} e`xat}xsd}sxc ~ia``e`g) l~c` me~iloadu) a`m lxctegb}cm ama~}a}el` ocatsxct da` c`tsxc }ba} }bc xcgel`

 wlxft }lgc}bcx }l occ} }bet dbaiic`gc. L` }bc l}bcx ba`m) e `a}el`t l`iu illf }l a `axxlw e`}cx~xc}a}el` l }bcex `a}el`ai e`}cxct}) }bcu weii e`cze}ahiu ~stb }lwaxmt dl`ed} lzcx e`dxcate`giu tdaxdc wa}cx xctlsxdct.

 A`mxcw Bliia`m et }bc Aocxeda` Tcdsxe}u ^xlkcd}―t Tc`elx Jciilw jlx C`cxgu a`m Dieoa}c.

Bet olt} xcdc`} ~shieda}el` jlx AT^ et }bc ’Dieoa}c Tcdsxe}u Xc~lx}‟ — ias`dbcm e` Ld}lhcx 8>18.

C`m`l}ct1. @a}el`ai Xctcaxdb Dls`dei.®Beoaiaua` Giadecxt; Dieoa}c Dba`gc) Wa}cx Xctlsxdct) a`m Wa}cx Tcdsxe}u. Watbe`g}l`) MD; ]c

@a}el`ai Adamcoect ^xctt) 8>18.

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7/30/2019 The Dams of the Himalayas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/the-dams-of-the-himalayas 8/8

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