The Civil War

Causes, Battles, & Key Figures

CAUSES

There were many causes that led to the Civil War, however, the following are the most notable:

1.) Economic & Social Differences2.) States vs. Federal Rights3.) Slave vs. Non-Slave proponents4.) Growth of the Abolitionist Movement5.) Election of Abraham Lincoln

Economic & Social DifferencesNORTH:

Poor soil – therefore, could not produce agriculture as efficiently as the south

Rise of IndustrializationFactory system

Dependent on WAGE LABOR to man factories

Detested Slavery Their economy wasn’t dependent on it

Economic & Social Differences (cont’d)

SOUTH:Rich, fertile farming soil

Producing cotton was their staple crop

Cotton production relied heavily on SLAVE LABOR

Therefore, their economic sustainability was dependent upon slaves

Supported slavery

because they could not survive without them

States vs. Federal Rights

South strongly supported STATES rightsThey wanted autonomy over how their states and governments were run

This would ensure more power for the state – therefore, more freedom to conduct themselves how they saw fit

South fought for States Rights to protect their slave practices

John C. Calhoun was the Governor of S.C. at the time that South Carolina decided to secede from the Union in protest of Unionization

North strongly supported FEDERAL rightsBelieved in a Unionized country

Believed that the United States should be controlled under one unifying force: The Federal Government

Slave vs. Non-Slave Proponents

NORTH:Supported the destruction of the institution of slavery

SOUTH:Vehemently detested the North for their abolitionist ideas

MISSOURI COMPROMISECreated to deal with the balance of free & non-free states

Fugitive Slave Laws: part of the M.O. Compromise to ensure fairness among slave & non-slave states

Growth of

Abolitionist Movement

Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe

Dred Scott Case

Fugitive Slave Act

John Brown’s Raid

Nat Turner’s Revolt

Election of Ol’ Abe

INFAMOUS BATTLES

Fort Sumter6 days after South Carolina seceded from the Union, the first shots of the Civil War rang out!

Confederate Victory

Battle of GettysburgFought July 1-3, 1863

Decisive Union victoryUnion defeated Confederate Gen. Lee from further invading the North

Battle with largest number of Casualties

Site for Lincoln’s famous “Gettysburg Address”

Battle of Antietam

First major battle to take place on Union soil

Took place in Sharpsburg, Maryland

Bloodiest SINGLE DAY battle in American History

KEY FIGURES

Confederate President

Jefferson Davis Union President

Abraham Lincoln

Key Figures (cont’d)

Confederate General

Robert E. Lee

Union General

Ulysses S. Grant

Other Notorious Leaders

• Abraham Lincoln

• Winfield Scott

• George B. McClellan

• Henry Wager Halleck

• Ulysses S. Grant

• Gideon Welles

• Jefferson Davis

• P.G.T. Beauregard

• Joseph E. Johnston

• Robert E. Lee

• Stephen Mallory

Miscellaneous Information

Casualties & Losses

UNION

140,414 killed in action

~ 365,000 total dead

275,200 wounded

CONFEDERATE

72,524 killed in action

~ 260,000 total dead

137,000+ wounded

Confederate SurrenderThe Confederate Army surrendered at the Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, marking the END of the Civil War

Documents for the end of the war were signed in the parlor of the courthouse a few days later

Union & Confederate Capitols

Confederate Capitol was in Richmond, V.A

Union Capitol was in Washington, D.C.

Lincoln’s Assassination

To celebrate the end of the Civil War, President Lincoln headed to the theater to enjoy a relaxing night out

Ford’s Theater is where he met his unfortunate and timely death

John Wilkes Booth, a southern, pro-slavery, confederate is responsible for

assassinating President Lincoln

THE END

By:

Kelly Williams

Addie Wagner

Alicia Ross