Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 50 ( Part 2). Slide 2 of 21 Terrestrial Biomes Large regions of earth ...

Terrestrial Biomes

Chapter 50 (Part 2)

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Terrestrial Biomes

Large regions of earth

Dependent on Rainfall & Temperature

Characterized by specific vegetation & animal life

Characteristic biomic progression in terrestrial latitude & altitude in a mountain range

Aquatic biomes are very stable due to the high specific heat of water which is due to ________ _____ .

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Terrestrial Biomes

Tundra

Coniferous Forrest

Temperate Broadleaf Forest

Chaparral Temperate Grassland

Savanna Desert

Tropical Rain Forest

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Terrestrial Climograph

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Tropical Rain Forest

Found near to the equator

Abundant rainfall, stable temp., & high humidity

Only cover 4% of the surface, but accounts for 20% of the Earth’s carbon fixation

Most diverse biome

4 vertical zonations – floor, understory, lower canopy, & Dense upper canopy

Canopy prevents most light from reaching floor Allows rain water to drip down to the floor

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Vertical Zonation

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Epiphytes

Many trees are covered with epiphytes Photosynthetic plants that grow on other trees rather than

supporting themselves Not parasites, but may block too much light

thus leading to death of the host plant

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Desert

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Desert

Insufficient rainfall to even support grass growth Rainfall < 10 inches

Most extreme temperature fluctuations of any biome

May feature cacti, sagebrush, and other hardy bushes

Some small, temporary plants Germinate only after rain – only around for a few weeks

CAM plants are common

Most animals are active at night (nocturnal) During the day - they burrow underground or hide in shade Reptiles & rodents

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Savanna

Grassland with a few trees

Fire is a dominant abiotic factor

Migrating mammals

Plant growth is substantial during rainy season, but adaptations to dry climate

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Chaparral

Mild rainy winters & long, dry summers

Plants are adapted for fires

Shrubs & small trees highly adapted to dry conditions

Southern California & Mediterranean

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Temperate Grassland

Covers large swaths of land in both the temperate & tropical regions of the world

Characterized by low annual rainfall of seasonal occurrence of rainfall Inhospitable for trees or forests

Grazing mammals bison, gazelle prairie dogs

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Located Primarily in the Northeast US & most of Europe

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Also called a Deciduous forest Seasonal loss of leaves Many mammals hibernate in the winter

Dense strands of deciduous trees

Shows vertical stratification of plants & animals Canopy (upper layer) contains 1 or 2 strata of trees Shrubs are beneath @ bottom, a herbaceous layer (die at the end of the growing

season)

Soil is rich due to decomposition of leaf litter

Squirrels, deer, foxes, & bears

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Coniferous (Boreal) Forest

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Coniferous Forest

Also called “Taiga” or Boreal Forest

Conifers are the most common primary producer Pine, Spruce, and fir = Christmas trees Conical shape of leaves prevents snowfall accumulation

and subsequent destruction of leaves

Very cold winters

Largest terrestrial biome

Heavy snowfall

Moose, black bear, lynx, elk, & wolverines

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Tundra

Permafrost Frozen subsoil found in the extreme North, such as Alaska

Commonly referred to as the frozen desert What little rainfall is received cannot penetrate the frozen

ground

Appearance of gently rolling plains, dotted with lakes & ponds

Insects are abundant in summer, hence many birds nest in the tundra during the summer

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Tundra

Terrestrial Biomes Chapter 50 ( Part 2). Slide 2 of 21 Terrestrial Biomes Large regions of earth ...

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