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MedicalTerminology

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Dr. Bassma Mohamed El Sabaa;M.D.

Lecturer Of PathologyAlexandria Faculty Of Medicine

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Course Objectives

Become familiar with medical terms Learn categories of medical terms

(descriptive and eponyms) Learn basic parts of medical terms (word

root, prefix and suffix) Learn word roots for different organs in the

human body. Be able to recognize and learn medical

terms when coming across them duringdifferent medical course..

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Categories of medical terms

Descriptive: shape, colour, size,function.

-Dextrocardia

Eponyms

-Fallopian tubeGabriello Fallopio

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Unit 1

The Word-Building System

Word RootsSuffixesPrefixesPlural Formation

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Word Root

The foundation of a word.

Origins are either Greek or Latin

Medical word:a root or a combination of wordelements (root +/-suffix+/-prefix)

E.g.

Gastr: Gastr/itis, Gastr/ectomyCardi/o/logist

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Word roots of major organs in thehuman body

Stomato Mouth Nephro/reno Kidney

Dento Teeth Gingiva Gums Glosso/linguo Tongue Encephalo Brain

Gastro Stomach Entero Intestine hepato Liver

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Prefixes and Suffixes

A Prefix: comes at the beginningof aword

A Suffix: comes at the endof a word

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Compound Word

Compound words can be formed when2 or more word roots are used to build

the word.

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Compound Word

Word root + word root = Compoundword

Chicken + Pox = ChickenpoxWord root word root compound word

Examples: underage, shorthand, download,brainstem

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Not for medical terms..

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Compound word

Word root1+

combining vowel

+

word root 2

=

Compound word

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Combining Vowels

o, i, e, u, a, or y

Word root (Gastr-)

+

Combining vowel (/o)

=

Combining form

e.g. Gastr/o

makes the term easier to pronounce.

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Compound Term:

Word root/combining vowel/word root

Cardi/o/megaly.

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Compound Word

Gastr o + scope

Neur/o + surgery

Micr/o + meter

Hydr/o + phobia Hydr/o + therapy

Gastroscope

Neurosurgery

Micrometer

Hydrophobia Hydrotherapy

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Compound word

Word root

+

Combining vowel

+

Suffix=

Compound word

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Suffixes

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Suffix

Suffix is an ending that follows aword root.

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Suffixes

Word root + Suffix = Noun

dent -ist dentist

Word root + Suffix = Adjective

Anem -ic Anemic

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Suffix - Noun

-ism= condition

e.g. hyperthyroidism -ist= specialist

e.g. pathologist -ology=study of

e.g. oncology

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Suffix - Noun

-scope=instrument to view

or examinee.g. endoscope

-itis = Inflammatione.g. appendicitis

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Suffix - Adjective

-ous= possessing, having, full ofe.g. Nervous, mucous, serous

-able= ability

e.g. Injectable

-ible= ability

e.g. Edible, reducible

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Suffix: Singular vs. Plural

Singular Suffixes

-on

Spermatozoon, ganglion

-ma

Carcinoma, lipoma

Plural Suffixes

-a

Spermatozoa, ganglia

-mata

Carcinomata, lipomata

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SingularSuffixes

-siscrisis,prognosis

-nxLarynx,

pharynx

Plural Suffixes

-sesCrises,prognoses

-ges

Larynges,pharynges

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Singular Suffixes

-um

Bacterium, ilium

-is

Testis

Plural Suffixes-a

Bacteria, ilia-es

Testes

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Practice

Singular:

Sarcoma

Diagnosis Phalanx

Coccus

Vertex Cervix

Plural:

Sarcomata

Diagnoses Phalanges

Cocci

Vertices Cervices

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Thank you