Tazkiyyatun Nafs(Slideshare)B

AllRightsReserved©Zhulkeflee2005

““Tasawwur Islam – Islamic Tasawwur Islam – Islamic Worldview.”Worldview.”- Series of Lecture on Islamization- Series of Lecture on Islamization

Presentation by: Presentation by: Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (PERGAS)Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (PERGAS)

TASAWWUR ISLAMTASAWWUR ISLAM

MAN CREATED IN THE MAN CREATED IN THE

BEST OF CONFORMATIONBEST OF CONFORMATION

“ “We have indeed created man in the best of We have indeed created man in the best of moulds, then do We abase him (to be) the moulds, then do We abase him (to be) the lowest of the low― Except such as believe lowest of the low― Except such as believe and do righteous deeds: for they shall have and do righteous deeds: for they shall have a reward unfailing.” a reward unfailing.”

(Qur’an: at-Tin: 95: 4-6)(Qur’an: at-Tin: 95: 4-6) AllRightsReserved©Zhulkeflee2005

AngelicAngelic

SatanicSatanic

AdamicAdamic

AnimalisticAnimalistic

VegetativeVegetative

AQLIYYAH - AQLIYYAH - عقليةعقلية

WAHMI/KHAYALI - WAHMI/KHAYALI - ~خيالي~ خيالي وهميوهمي

FITRAH SALIMA - FITRAH SALIMA - سليمة سليمة فطرة فطرة

BAHIMIYAH - BAHIMIYAH - بهيميةبهيمية

NABAATIYAH - NABAATIYAH - نباتيةنباتية

WITHIN MAN, HE SHARES MANY POWERS AS IN OTHER BEINGSWITHIN MAN, HE SHARES MANY POWERS AS IN OTHER BEINGS

MAN CREATED IN THE MAN CREATED IN THE

BEST OF CONFORMATIONBEST OF CONFORMATION



WITHIN MAN, HE HAS POTENTIALS TO BE THE BEST OR THE WORSTWITHIN MAN, HE HAS POTENTIALS TO BE THE BEST OR THE WORST

• ANGELSANGELS• JINN (spirits)JINN (spirits)• MANKINDMANKIND• ANIMALSANIMALS• PLANTSPLANTS

IN THE CENTRE





Debased to be Debased to be the lowest of the lowest of the low.the low.

IN THE CENTRE





Debased to be Debased to be the lowest of the lowest of the low.the low.

• Elevated to Elevated to the highest, the highest, even higher even higher than Angelsthan Angels

IN THE CENTRE



MAN ENDOWED WITH MORAL MAN ENDOWED WITH MORAL DISCERNMENTDISCERNMENT

“ “And a soul (And a soul (NafsNafs) and Him Who perfected ) and Him Who perfected it. And inspired it (with conscience of) what it. And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and (what is) right for it. He is wrong for it and (what is) right for it. He is indeed successful who causes it to grow, is indeed successful who causes it to grow, And he is indeed a failure who stunted it.” And he is indeed a failure who stunted it.”

(Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 7-10) (Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 7-10)


MAN ENDOWED WITH MORAL MAN ENDOWED WITH MORAL DISCERNMENTDISCERNMENT

“ “Verily We have created Man into toil and struggle. Verily We have created Man into toil and struggle. Thinketh he, that none hath power over him? He Thinketh he, that none hath power over him? He may say (boastfully): "Wealth have I squandered in may say (boastfully): "Wealth have I squandered in abundance!” Thinketh he that none beholdeth him? abundance!” Thinketh he that none beholdeth him? Have We not made for him a pair of eyes?― And a Have We not made for him a pair of eyes?― And a tongue, and a pair of lips?― And shown him the tongue, and a pair of lips?― And shown him the two highways? two highways?

(Qur’an: al-Balad: 90: 7-10) (Qur’an: al-Balad: 90: 7-10)



““O ye who believe! enter into O ye who believe! enter into Islam whole-heartedly (fully); Islam whole-heartedly (fully); and follow not the footsteps of and follow not the footsteps of the Evil One; for he is to you an the Evil One; for he is to you an avowed enemy.”avowed enemy.”

(Qur’an: Surah al-Baqorah: 2: 208(Qur’an: Surah al-Baqorah: 2: 208))

‘ILM TAUHIID - ‘AQIDAH(Creed or Theology)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Certainty (Belief)Awareness of Reality / Truth

Develop discernment between Truth & Falsehood,

What is involved?‘Aql - (proper use of Reason / Intellect)

Fitrah - Instincts & innate feeling (perception)Tauqifiy – Revelations & reliable traditions

What is the Effect?

To develop firm conviction, strong principle,Commitment to concept of Unity & Justice of Allah

(Tauhiid); knowing the true purpose, role and Destiny of Man.

Tauhiidic paradigmTauhiidic paradigm

AllRightsReserved©Zhulkeflee2005Extracted from “Beginners’ Manual on Islam”Extracted from “Beginners’ Manual on Islam”

By Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail -PERGAS (pg 154)By Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail -PERGAS (pg 154)

‘ILM TAUHIID - ‘AQIDAH(Creed or Theology)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Certainty (Belief)Awareness of Reality / Truth

Develop discernment between Truth & Falsehood,

What is involved?‘Aql - (proper use of Reason / Intellect)

Fitrah - Instincts & innate feeling (perception)Tauqifiy – Revelations & reliable traditions

What is the Effect?

To develop firm conviction, strong principle,Commitment to concept of Unity & Justice of Allah

(Tauhiid); knowing the true purpose, role and Destiny of Man.

RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:Languages, Logic & philosophy,Languages, Logic & philosophy,Epistemology, Biology, Botany,Epistemology, Biology, Botany,

Chemistry, Physical sciences,Chemistry, Physical sciences,Astronomy, Geology, History,Astronomy, Geology, History,

Anthropology, Marine & Space,Anthropology, Marine & Space,Etc.Etc.




‘ILM FIQH(Practical Laws for life;

Learning of the Shari’ah)

Purpose / ObjectiveDevelopment of Correct Practices;

Submission & Obedience to Will of Allah (Islam)

What is involved?Knowing the law, rules as Guidance to every aspect of life

Capability to implementing them in life

What is the Effect?To develop a community of people,

Inviting to what is goodEnjoining what is right, and forbidding evil,

Advocating the fulfilment of AMANAH (Trust)As Allah’s Khalifah (vicegerent),

Establishing the Brotherhood of Man in The servitude of One God.













BROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQHBROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQH‘‘ibadah ibadah (personal devotion / worship) (personal devotion / worship) MuamalahMuamalah (social transaction) (social transaction) MunakahahMunakahah (Marriage & family) (Marriage & family) Irth / fara’id Irth / fara’id (Distribution of wealth)(Distribution of wealth) JinayahJinayah (crimes & punishment)(crimes & punishment) Qoda’iyahQoda’iyah (judiciary)(judiciary) jihad jihad (struggle in war & peace)(struggle in war & peace) imarah imarah (Leadership/government)(Leadership/government)














BROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQHBROAD EXTENT OF TOPICS COVERED IN FIQH‘‘ibadah ibadah (personal devotion / worship) (personal devotion / worship) MuamalahMuamalah (social transaction) (social transaction) MunakahahMunakahah (Marriage & family) (Marriage & family) Irth / fara’id Irth / fara’id (Distribution of wealth)(Distribution of wealth) JinayahJinayah (crimes & punishment)(crimes & punishment) Qoda’iyahQoda’iyah (judiciary)(judiciary) jihad jihad (struggle in war & peace)(struggle in war & peace) imarah imarah (Leadership/government)(Leadership/government)

RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:All applied sciences, technologyAll applied sciences, technology

and skills, knowledge of economics, politics, social & and skills, knowledge of economics, politics, social & administrative administrative

sciences etc. that can assist in the sciences etc. that can assist in the fulfilment of establishing justice, order, peace, fulfilment of establishing justice, order, peace,

harmony, prosperity, physical harmony, prosperity, physical with moral progress, and the well-being with moral progress, and the well-being

of Man & society, etc.of Man & society, etc.




‘ILM AKHLAQ / TASAWWUF / IRFAN(Science of human Disposition/ Sufism)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Righteous PersonalityPurification/perfection of the Self

What is involved?Reforming or purification of the Self (Nafs)Best behaviour in relationship with Allah,

within oneself, and with others.Knowledge of Self and of Allah (Gnosis)

What is the Effect?

Development of Most noble personality traitsFounded on Love of Allah, of all His prophets [Nabiyyin] especially the Seal of Prophethood Muhammad s.a.w.,

his Household [itrah or Ahlul-bayti wa Aali -Rasul] and loyal Companions [Ashaab], In fellowship with the Truthful [siddiqqin], the Witnesses & martyrs [shuhada] and the

Righteous servants of Allah [Solihin]; Striving to purify the Self (Nafs) and adorning it with the Exalted Moral traits of Our Beloved Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.

(The Perfected Man – “Insan Kaamil”)



‘ILM AKHLAQ / TASAWWUF / IRFAN(Science of human Disposition/ Sufism)

Purpose / Objective

Development of Righteous PersonalityPurification/perfection of the Self

What is involved?Reforming or purification of the Self (Nafs)Best behaviour in relationship with Allah,

within oneself, and with others.Knowledge of Self and of Allah (Gnosis)

What is the Effect?

Development of Most noble personality traitsFounded on Love of Allah, of all His prophets [Nabiyyin] especially the Seal of Prophethood Muhammad s.a.w.,

his Household [itrah or Ahlul-bayti wa Aali -Rasul] and loyal Companions [Ashaab], In fellowship with the Truthful [siddiqqin], the Witnesses & martyrs [shuhada] and the

Righteous servants of Allah [Solihin]; Striving to purify the Self (Nafs) and adorning it with the Exalted Moral traits of Our Beloved Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.

(The Perfected Man – “Insan Kaamil”)

RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:RELEVANT COMPLEMENTARY KNOWLEDGE:This aspect of development requiresThis aspect of development requires

practical behaviour, the aspect of being practical behaviour, the aspect of being and becoming. Its area of development and becoming. Its area of development is the inner Self, the ‘human psyche’ oris the inner Self, the ‘human psyche’ or

the state of the Soul reflected in his the state of the Soul reflected in his Disposition (Disposition (AkhlaqAkhlaq). Therefore, the close ). Therefore, the close

equivalent may perhaps be ‘human’ psychology, equivalent may perhaps be ‘human’ psychology, behavioural sciences, manners & discipline, etc.behavioural sciences, manners & discipline, etc.





Say (O Muhammad) : I am only a mortal like you. Say (O Muhammad) : I am only a mortal like you. My Lord inspires in me that your God is only One My Lord inspires in me that your God is only One God. And whoever hopes for the meeting with his God. And whoever hopes for the meeting with his Lord, let him do righteous work, and make none Lord, let him do righteous work, and make none sharer of the worship due unto his Lord. sharer of the worship due unto his Lord.

((Qur’an: Kahfi:18110Qur’an: Kahfi:18110))

TAUHIIDTAUHIIDFAITH – ‘AMAL - IHSAN

RIGHTEOUS DEEDSRIGHTEOUS DEEDSMUST COMPRISE OF :MUST COMPRISE OF :




[1] CORRECT AQIDAH – BELIEF[1] CORRECT AQIDAH – BELIEF





[2] CORRECT ‘AMAL – PRACTICES[2] CORRECT ‘AMAL – PRACTICES





[2] CORRECT ‘AMAL – PRACTICES[2] CORRECT ‘AMAL – PRACTICES

[3] CORRECT INNER ATTITUDE[3] CORRECT INNER ATTITUDE



RIGHTEOUS DEEDSRIGHTEOUS DEEDSULTIMATELYULTIMATELY

DEPENDENT UPONDEPENDENT UPON““NIYYAH”NIYYAH”

INTENTIONINTENTION

9ة8 :ي 8الن ب 9ع<م9ال> <أل Aم9اا 8ن 9ة8 إ :ي 8الن ب 9ع<م9ال> <أل Aم9اا 8ن إ““Verily Deeds are with Verily Deeds are with

intention”intention”



RIGHTEOUS DEEDSRIGHTEOUS DEEDSULTIMATELYULTIMATELY

DEPENDENT UPONDEPENDENT UPON““NIYYAH”NIYYAH”

INTENTIONINTENTION

9ة8 :ي 8الن ب 9ع<م9ال> <أل Aم9اا 8ن 9ة8 إ :ي 8الن ب 9ع<م9ال> <أل Aم9اا 8ن إ““Verily Deeds are with Verily Deeds are with

intention”intention”

INTENTION ULTIMATELY IS INTENTION ULTIMATELY IS LOCATED IN OUR HEARTSLOCATED IN OUR HEARTS


They will ask thee concerning the They will ask thee concerning the Spirit(Ruh). Say: The Spirit is by Spirit(Ruh). Say: The Spirit is by command of my Lord, and of command of my Lord, and of knowledge ye have been knowledge ye have been vouchsafed but little. (Q:17:85)vouchsafed but little. (Q:17:85)


•It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” ” روحروح – ‘ – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do not know except little.we do not know except little.



•It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” ” روحروح – ‘ – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do not know except little.we do not know except little.•When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it is called “identity, it is called “NafsNafs” ” نفسنفس – ‘ – ‘self’.self’.



•It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” ” روحروح – ‘ – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do not know except little.we do not know except little.•When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it is called “identity, it is called “NafsNafs” ” نفسنفس – ‘ – ‘self’.self’.•The word “The word “QalbQalb” ” قلبقلب – ‘ – ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding meanings.meanings.



•It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” ” روحروح – ‘ – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do not know except little.we do not know except little.•When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it is called “identity, it is called “NafsNafs” ” نفسنفس – ‘ – ‘self’.self’.•The word “The word “QalbQalb” ” قلبقلب – ‘ – ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding meanings.meanings.•When Allah s.w.t. grants When Allah s.w.t. grants TaufiqTaufiq whereupon its understanding of whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’ penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “‘Reality’ penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “LubbLubb” ” )لب(لب - - ‘innermost’‘innermost’



•It is called “It is called “RuhRuh” ” روحروح – ‘ – ‘spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which spirit’, when we refer to its essence, which we do not know except little.we do not know except little.•When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its When it is in cognitive mode of its own existence, awareness of its identity, it is called “identity, it is called “NafsNafs” ” نفسنفس – ‘ – ‘self’.self’.•The word “The word “QalbQalb” ” قلبقلب – ‘ – ‘heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in heart’, also refers to our Soul, when it is in the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding the mode of reflection, or contemplation in understanding meanings.meanings.•When Allah s.w.t. grants When Allah s.w.t. grants TaufiqTaufiq whereupon its understanding of whereupon its understanding of ‘Reality’ penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “‘Reality’ penetrates deeply, it is referred to as “LubbLubb” ” )لب(لب - - ‘innermost’‘innermost’•If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “If is guided by Allah to go deeper still, it is referred to as “SirrSirr” ” )سر(سر – ‘– ‘secret’secret’




•But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.




•But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.But all these terms refer to the same thing i.e. Our Spiritual Self.

WaAllaahu a’lamWaAllaahu a’lam



REMEMBER ALLAH DEMANDSREMEMBER ALLAH DEMANDSSINCERITY (IKHLAS)SINCERITY (IKHLAS)


” ” And they are ordered naught else than to And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure (sincere) for serve Allah, keeping religion pure (sincere) for Him, as men by nature upright “Him, as men by nature upright “

(Q: Bayyinah:98: 5)(Q: Bayyinah:98: 5)

REMEMBER ALLAH DEMANDSREMEMBER ALLAH DEMANDSPURITY (ZAKAH)PURITY (ZAKAH)


““He is indeed successful who causes it He is indeed successful who causes it

((NafsNafs – self) to grow in purity, And he – self) to grow in purity, And he

is indeed a failure who stunted (corrupts) it.”is indeed a failure who stunted (corrupts) it.”

(Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 10) (Qur’an: ash-Shams: 91: 10)

9ح9 ص9ل ص9ل9ح9ت< 8ذ9ا إ ، Mم>ض<غ9ة د8 <ج9س9 ال ف8ي A8ن 9إ ال9 9ح9 أ ص9ل ص9ل9ح9ت< 8ذ9ا إ ، Mم>ض<غ9ة د8 <ج9س9 ال ف8ي A8ن 9إ ال9 أ

د9 ف9س9 د9ت< ف9س9 8ذ9ا و9إ ، د8 <ج9س9 ال اء8ر> د9 س9 ف9س9 د9ت< ف9س9 8ذ9ا و9إ ، د8 <ج9س9 ال اء8ر> س9<ق9ل<ب> ال و9ه8ي9 9 9ال أ ، د8 <ج9س9 ال اء8ر> <ق9ل<ب> س9 ال و9ه8ي9 9 9ال أ ، د8 <ج9س9 ال اء8ر> س9

““Know that verily on your body there is a piece of flesh, Know that verily on your body there is a piece of flesh, when it is found to be well (good), then all your body when it is found to be well (good), then all your body (whole self) will be well, and if it is found to be spoilt (whole self) will be well, and if it is found to be spoilt

(corrupted) then all your body (whole self) will be (corrupted) then all your body (whole self) will be corrupted (bad, spoilt) – know that it is your heart!”corrupted (bad, spoilt) – know that it is your heart!”



REMEMBER THE DAY WE WILL REMEMBER THE DAY WE WILL BE RETURNING TO ALLAHBE RETURNING TO ALLAH


”The Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, but only he (will prosper) that brings to Allah a sound heart (Qolbun saleem). “

(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)



””The Day whereon neither wealth The Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, but only he nor sons will avail, but only he (will prosper) that brings to Allah (will prosper) that brings to Allah a sound heart (a sound heart (Qolbun saleemQolbun saleem). “). “

(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)

ذ9اء8ل8 Aالر م8ن9 Aخ9ل:ى< ذ9اء8ل8 الت Aالر م8ن9 Aخ9ل:ى< التEmpty the heart of every base, Empty the heart of every base, demeaning or immoral traits. demeaning or immoral traits.




(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)

<ف9ض9اء8ل8 8ال ب Aح9ل:ى <ف9ض9اء8ل8 الت 8ال ب Aح9ل:ى التBeautify the heart with Noble traits Beautify the heart with Noble traits

or virtuesor virtues





(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)

Aه8 الل و9ى س8 ع9مAا ى 9ر: Aب Aه8 الت الل و9ى س8 ع9مAا ى 9ر: Aب التTo be sincere & pure, from any except only To be sincere & pure, from any except only for the sake of, (or being in and with) Allahfor the sake of, (or being in and with) Allah

<ف9ض9اء8ل8 8ال ب Aح9ل:ى <ف9ض9اء8ل8 الت 8ال ب Aح9ل:ى التBeautify the heart with Noble traits Beautify the heart with Noble traits

or virtuesor virtues





(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)(Q: Shuara:26: 88-89)

"And let me not be in disgrace on the Day "And let me not be in disgrace on the Day when (men) will be raised up― The Day when (men) will be raised up― The Day whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, whereon neither wealth nor sons will avail, "But only he (will prosper) that brings to Allah a "But only he (will prosper) that brings to Allah a sound heart; sound heart;

(Qur’an : Shuara: 26: 87-89)

OUR DU’AOUR DU’A


9ا 9ن ت 8 ه9د9 د9 إ 9 9ا ب 9ن >وب >ز8 ق>ل 9ا ال9 ت Aن ب ي�ر9 ي� ي� ي�Aك9 8ن م9 إ Aد>نك9 ر9 9ا م8ن ل 9ن �و9ه9 ل ة�‌ ي ي�

و9هAاب> 9نت9 ي�أ ٱ

“Our Lord ! Let not our hearts swerve from the truth after You have guided us; and bestow upon us the gift of Thy Grace (Mercy): verily, You are the (true) giver of Gifts (bestowals).”

(Qur’an : Aali ‘Imran : 3 : 8)



9 و9ف8ى ن 9ا ح9س9 ي hلد 9ا ف8ى 8ن 9ا ء9ات Aن ب ة�ر9 ة ي� ٱ9ا ع9ذ9اب9 9 و9ق8ن ن ة8 ح9س9 9خ8ر9 ة�أ ة ي� ٱ

Aار8 ٱلن"Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter and save us from the torment of the fire!" (Qur’an : al-Baqarah: 2 : 201)



Aا م>ح9مAدMا 9ه> ع9ن ى الل Aا م>ح9مAدMا ج9ز9 9ه> ع9ن ى الل ج9ز98ه8 <ه8 و9آل 9ي 9ه> ع9ل 8ه8 ص9لAى الل <ه8 و9آل 9ي 9ه> ع9ل ص9لAى الل

>ه> ه<ل9 9م9 م9اه>و9 أ ل >ه>و9س9 ه<ل9 9م9 م9اه>و9 أ ل Allah grant His Reward upon (May)“و9س9

Muhammad, salutations of Allah and Peace be upon him and his family, in accordance with what he deserves (in Allah’s knowledge & estimation).”



”Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on the Messengers! And praise to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.”

(Qur’an : Saffat: 37 : 180-182)



9ص8ف>ون9 ة8 ع9مAا ي Aع8ز ب: :ك9 ر9 ب rن9 ر9 ـ ح9 ي�س> ٱ ي�8ين9 ل س9 م> rمt ع9ل9ى 9ـ ل ي�و9س9 ي� ٱ

9م8ين9 rل ع9ـ ب: Aه8 ر9 8ل د> ل ح9 ي�و9 ٱ ي� ي� ٱ


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>ه 9ات ك 9ر9 و9ب vه8 ح<م9ة>الل و9ر9 >م <ك 9ي ع9ل >ه السAالم> 9ات ك 9ر9 و9ب vه8 ح<م9ة>الل و9ر9 >م <ك 9ي ع9ل السAالم>All welcome to visit my web-blog:All welcome to visit my web-blog:

Tazkiyyatun Nafs(Slideshare)B

Education

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