TamTa miqaberiZe Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti Tbilisi 2010w
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Transcript of TamTa miqaberiZe Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti Tbilisi 2010w
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis perspeqtivebi vaWrobis
msoflio organizaciis (WTO)-s xelSekrulebis sazRvrebSi
TamTa miqaberiZeTbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti
Tbilisi2010w
naSromis struqtura• msoflio ekonomikaSi saerTaSoriso vaWrobis
ganviTarebis tendenciebi;• WTO-s wevri ganviTarebadi da gardamavali
qveynebis sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis tendenciebi;
• saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis ganviTarebis xelSemwyobi da xelSemSleli procesebi WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdeg;
• saqarTvelos ekonomikuri zrdisa da sagareo
vaWrobis ganviTarebis damokidebulebebi.
bazris liberalizacia Tu proteqcionistuli politika?
• Ria ekonomikis formireba;
• WTO-Si gawevrianeba;
• liberalur savaWro politikaze orientacia
saqarTvelos savaWro politika
• bmuli tarifebi - seqtoruri iniciativebi
- gamoricxvebi
• momsaxurebiT vaWrobaSi specifikuri valdebulebebi
- saqarTvelom moxsna SezRudvebi poziciebis 54%-ze;
- susti ekonomikis qveynebSi analogiuri maCvenebeli
Seadgens saSualod 7%-s;
- SedarebiT mdidari qveynebisTvis – 25%
saqarTveloSi moqmedi savaWro reJimebi
Cveulebrivi (vmo-s arawevr qveynebTan); upiratesi xelSewyobis (wevr-qveynebTan da/an visTanac aris Sesabamisi ormxrivi xelSekruleba); preferencialuri, maT Soris:• Tavisufali vaWrobis reJimi (dsT-s qveynebTan)• prefernciaTa ganzogadebuli sistemis (GSP) reJimi: - evro-kavSiris 25 wevri saxelmwifosgan ;
- - Sveicariisagan - kanadisagan, - iaponiisagan - aSS-sagan; - TurqeTisagan;
•
sagareo vaWroba 2009 wels
qveynebi eqsporti improti brunva saldo(FOB) (CIF)
evrokaSiris qveynebi 237 643,60 1 309 229,20 1 546 872,80 -1 071 585,60
Sveicaria 2 290,60 34 634,30 36 924,90 -32 343,70
kanada 117 224,10 14 148,50 131 372,60 103 075,70
iaponia 4 561,40 60 077,10 64 638,50 -55 515,70
aSS 36 933,90 226 730,10 263 664,00 -189 796,20
TurqeTi 226 191,20 788 036,60 1 014 227,80 -561 862,60
norvegia 570,1 4 593,00 5 163,10 -4 022,90
WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdgomi dadebiTi movlenebi
eqsportisTvis daSvebis pirobebis gaumjobeseba mravali qveynis bazarze;
importze tarifebis optimizacia; sabaJo gadasaxadebis Semcireba saqarTveloSi importirebul
mowyobilobaze, naxevarfabrikatebsa da nedleulze
upiratesi xelSewyobis reJimi 148 qveyanasTan;
preferenciuli vaWrobis geografiis gafarToveba (GSP aSS-sTan)
• sagareo vaWrobis maregulirebeli kanonmdebloba da procedurebis daxvewa:
Semcirda sabaJo mosakrebeli (0,3%-dan 0,15%-mde); Semcirda savaldebulo sertifikaciis daqvemdebarebeli
produqciis nusxa (62%-iT); daixvewa licenzireba - nebarTvebis sistema
• pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebis mozidva;• saqarTvelos interesebi saerTaSoriso savaWro
urTierTobabSi daculia vmo-s davebis mogvarebis mravalmxrivi meqanizmebiT;
• saqarTvelom miiRo ufleba awarmoos ormxrivi da mravalmxrivi molaparakebebi vmo-Si Semsvlel qveynebTan, maT Soris ZiriTad savaWro patriorebTan
WTO-Si gawevrianebis Semdgomi dadebiTi movlenebi
saqarTeloSi ganxorcielebulipirdapiri ucxouri investiciebi
weli 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009*
raodenoba
131 232
109 840
167 362
340 070
499 107
449 785
1 190 375
2 014 842
1 563 963
759 078,60
wyaro: 1. saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri (statistikuri gamokvleva `sagareo ekonomikuri saqmianobis Sesaxeb~); 2. saqarTvelos erovnuli banki; 3. saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro.
wyaro: statistikis erovnuli samsaxuri
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi
miuxedavad dadebiTi momentebisa, arsebobs qarTuli eqsportis zrdis xelSemSleli mravali mizezi:
1. dabali samrewvelo infrastruqtura;
2. konfliqtur zonebTan siaxlove;
3. dabalganviTarebuli mcire da saSualo seqtori;
4. sakanondeblo SeRavaTebis aRserulebis dabali done;
5. susti gamocdileba marketingSi;• sazRvargareT saqarTvelos Sesaxeb mcire informacia
(miuxedavad imisa, rom MmTavrobis kargi piar teqonologiebiT mniSvnelovnad gaizarda saqarTvelos cnobadobis xarisxi);
• mcire gamocdileba eqpsortSi;
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi
6. finansuri resursebis simcire;• susti sabanko seqtori (maRali saprocento ganakveTebi);• susti saeqsporto sadazRvevo momsaxureba;
7. xarisxis sertifikaciis saerTaSoriso aRiarebis mqone labiratoriebis ar arseboba;
8. bazarze SeRwevis problemebi qarTuli sasoflo-sameurneo produqciisTvis:– ganviTarebuli qveynebis mier dawesebuli teqnikuri
barierebi (TBT) da standartebi;– sanitaruli da fito-sanitaruli zomebis harmoniaciasa da
xarisxis kontrolisadmi naklebi yuradReba;
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis xelSemSleli faqtorebi
• vmo-sa da misi komitetebis mier miRebuli konkretuli gadawyvetilebebisa da SeTanxmebebis Sesaxeb informaciis nakleboba. mag: informaciis miwodebis problemebi fermerebisa da mewarmeebisTvis.;
• 10. ganviTarebuli qveynebis eqsportis subsidireba da Sida bazris dacis RonisZiebebi:
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWroba 2001-2009 ww. (mln aSS dolari)
weli 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
brunva 1,07 1,079 1,606 2,494 3,357 4,674 6,456 7,802 5,513
zrdis tempi (%) 4% 0.8% 48.8% 55.3% 34.6% 39.2% 38.1% 20,80% -29.4%
eqsporti 318 348 465 647 867 993 1 240.2 1 497.7 1135
zrdis tempi (%) -3.8% 9.4% 33.6% 39.1% 34.0% 14.5% 24.9% 20.7% -24,10%
importi 753 731 1,141 1,848 2,49 3,681 5,216 6,305 4,378
zrdis tempi (%) 7.6% -2.9% 56.1% 62.0% 34.7% 47.8% 41.7% 20,90% -31,60%
savaWro saldo -435 -383 -676 -1,2 -1,62 -2,69 -3,976 -4,561 -3,243
sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis wili
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da eqsporti 2001-2009 ww-Si
1,07
0,318
1,0790,348
1,606
0,465
2,494
0,647
3,357
0,867
4,674
0,993
6,456
1,24
7,802
1,497
5,513
1,135
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Georgian Foreign Trade Turnover 2001-2008 (in USD mln)
Export Growth (in USD mln )
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da savaWro saldo 2001-2009 wlebSi
2,494
-1,201
3,357
-1,623
4,674
-2,688
6,456
-3,976
7,802
-4,561
5,513
-3,243
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Georgian Foreign TradeTurnover 2001-2009 (in USDmln)
Trade Balance
saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi
2009 wlis brunvis mixedviT
saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi
2009 wlis eqsportis mixedviT
umsxvilesi sasaqonlo poziciebi saqarTvelos eqsportSi
saqarTvelos umsxvilesi savaWro partniori qveynebi 2009 wlis importis mixedviT
umsxvilesi sasaqonlo poziciebi saqarTvelos importSi
mSp-sa da sagareo vaWrobis zrdis dinamika
5124,7
6411
7761,7
10171,9
12800,9
10744,7
2492,53355,4
4613,9
6447,3
7802
5513
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
GDP growth accordingto years (mln USD)
Foreign Trade turnoveraccording to years, mlnUSD
saqarTvelos vaWroba vmo-s wevr qveynebTan
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
eqsporti 178,60
162,90 165,40
228,90 306,04 429,60 495,04 733,50 919,60 667,10
importi 460,20
477,99 469,23
729,80 1 126,30
1 399,99
2 090,30
3 064,30 3 885,60
2 842,80
sagareo savaWro brunva
672,2 676,23 678,61029,5
61556,4
5
1 829,54
2 585,33
3 797,82 4 805,19
3 509,93
sagareo vaWrobi
s saldo
-286,97 -316,54
-302,4 -505,95 -826,07
-970,43 -1 595,25
-2 330,80 -2 965,98
-2 175,69
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWroba WTO-s wevr qveynebTan
0,00
500 000,00
1 000 000,00
1 500 000,00
2 000 000,00
2 500 000,00
3 000 000,00
3 500 000,00
4 000 000,00
4 500 000,00
eqsporti
importi
saqarTvelos sagareo vaWrobis brunva da savaWro saldo
vmo-s wevr qveynebTan
-3000000
-2000000
-1000000
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
sagar eo savaWr o br unva
sagar eo vaWr obi s sal do
dohas ganviTarebis dRis wesrigi da momavlis xedva
momavlis liberalizaciis molaparakebebis raundis ZiriTadi sakiTxebi:
soflis meurneoba garemos dacva momsaxureba samrewvelo saqoneli wesebi medikamentebiT vaWroba Sromis standartebi teqnikuri daxmareba
soflis meurneobis sferoSi
molaparakebebis ZiriTad sagans warmoadgenda:
• satarifo daklebebis ganxorcieleba konkretuli formulis mixedviT;
• vaWrobis Semafrxebeli Sida mxardamWeri zomebis Semicireba;
• saeqsporto subsidiebis sruli gauqmeba;• specifikuri tarifebis e.w. «ad-valorul» tarifebSi
gadayvana;• ganviTarebadi da naklebad ganviTarebuli qveynebis
soflis meurneobis produqciisaTvis ganviTarebuli qveynebis bazrebze daSvebis xelsayreli pirobebis daweseba;
• tropikuli xilisaTvis ganviTarebuli qveynebis bazrebze daSvebis xelsayreli pirobebis daweseba da sxva.
soflis meurneobis seqtorSi miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi
• vaWrobis Semafrxebeli Sida mxardamWeri zomebis Semcireba sami doniT, aqedan umaRlesi doneebis wrfivi Semcireba maRali doneebiT;
• saeqsporto subsidiebisa da maTi eqvivalenturi zomebis sruli gauqmeba 2013 wlisaTvis (rac evrokavSirisTvis yvelaze mtkivneul gadawyvetilebad SeiZleba iqnes miCneuli);
• ganviTarebadi qveynebisaTvis specialuri produqtisa da specialuri damcavi meqanizmebis gamoyenebis ufleba;
SeTanxmebebi arasasoflo-sameurneo produqciis bazarze daSvebis Sesaxeb
• aRniSnul seqtorSi daklebebi maRali tarifebisaTvis da satarifo pikebisaTvis ganxorcieldeba e.w. "Sveicaruli formulis” mixedviT. amasTanave gaTvaliswinebuli iqneba vmo-s wevri ganviTarebadi qveynebis interesebi araTanabari valdebulebebis dawesebiT maT sasargeblod; aseve dauwesdebaT specialuri da diferencirebuli pirobebi;
• specifikuri tarifebis gadayvana ad-valur tarifebSi konkretuli meTodiT;
• gansakuTrebuli SeRavaTebis daweseba mcire da mgrZnobiare ekonomikebisaTvis;
kvlevis procesSi wamoWrili problemebi
• statistikuri masalebis simwire;
• susti dargobrivi analizi. pozitiur da normatiul seqtors Soris kavSiris ar arseboba;
• sabaJo departmanetis statistikuri masalebis araxelmisawvdomoba (konfidencialuroba)
gmadlobT yuradRebisTvis