Symbiotic Relationships
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Transcript of Symbiotic Relationships
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Symbiotic Relationships
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The three types of symbiosis, plus 1
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Symbiosis• Parasitism "I WIN – YOU LOSE" (+
-) The association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms and beneficial to the other.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHHQIQsPvGcBotfly
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Parasitism• Ectoparasite: lives on the surface of
another organism to obtain food from the host
• Example: tick, leech, aphid on a leaf
• Endoparasite: lives inside the tissues of its host
• Example: tapeworm, malaria, leaf minor.
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Symbiosis• Mutualism "I WIN – YOU WIN" (+
+) The association is advantageous to both.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3bWqlPLpMgAnt and caterpillar
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Mutualism • Association between organisms of
different species that benefits both partners and harms neither.
• Example: Pollinators; birds, pygmy possums, will feed off a flowering plant and in turn carry the pollen from one plant to another to cause fertilization of the plant.
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Mutualism
• Symbiotic Digesters: are complex communities of microorganisms that live in the gut of many animals.
• Without these cows, sheep, koalas and termites etc. would not be able to digest their food.
• These microorganisms secrete enzymes into the gut of the animal and aid in the breakdown and digestion of cellulous.
• In turn the microorganisms have a relatively safe place to live.
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SymbiosisCommensalism "I WIN" (+ 0) (and I don’t really care whether
you WIN or LOSE) One member of the association benefits while the other is not affected - the main types of commensalism are using the waste from another, using another for transport or using another for shelter or housing.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqa0OPbdvjw
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Symbiosis• Amensalism "YOU LOSE" (- 0)
The association is disadvantageous to one member while the other is not affected.
• To clarify Amensalism is an interaction between two species where one impedes or restricts the success of the other while not being affected, positively or negatively, by the presence of the other
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Niches
• Niche refers to the way of life of an organism. • In a community members of various species
use the food and space resources in different ways and at different times.
• Thereby avoiding competition with each other and occupying different niches within the same community.