Symbiotic Relationships4.2

Symbiotic RelationshipsSymbiosis- two species living closely together.

3 Types of symbiosis:

1. Commensalism

2. Parasitism

3. Mutualism

Mutualism

Both species benefit

Ex: Acacia Tree and Stinging Ants, Oxpecker and Rhino, Cleaner Fish, Anemone and Clownfish, Bacteria and Bovine Gut, Pollination

Acacia and Ants Anemone and Clownfish

Oxpecker/Rhino

CommensalismOne species benefits, the other is neither helped nor harmed

Ex: Sm. Pilot Fish and Shark, Barnacle and Whale, Remora and Turtle, Grouse and Antelope, Triggerfish and smaller fish, Orchids*

Epiphytes-An epiphyte is a plant that grows upon another plant (such as a tree) non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object (such as a building or a telegraph wire), but derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, and sometimes from debris accumulating around it instead of the structure it is fastened to. -Referred to as an “air plant”

Parasitism

one species lives on or in another organism and harms it

Ex: Parasitic Fungi feeding on jungle insects, Tapeworm, Ringworm

Tapeworm (yuk!)

Parasitic Jungle Fungi

Types of Symbiotic Interactions

What type of Symbiosis is shown in the following photos?

Imperial Shrimp and Sea Cucumber (hitches a ride!)

Cuckoo bird