Swine Breeds

US Swine Breeds

• Maternal Breeds• Sire / Carcass Breeds• Minor Breeds• Swine Company Genetics

Four Classifications

- 40 World wide- Only 8 Industry Impact

Mother Breeds

• Developed:– York county England– Imported in 1830

• Characteristics:– White with Erect ears– A large breed

• Noted For:– Maternal characteristics– Most carcass oriented of Mother breeds– “Dual Purpose”

Yorkshire

Mother Breeds

• Developed:– From Danish Landrace– 1930’s imported

• Characteristics:– White with Big Droopy ears– Fine boned– Distinctively long bodied

• Noted For:• Most Prolific Breed • Largest litter size

Landrace

Maternal Breeds

• Developed:– Chester Co Pennsylvania– Mid 1800’s from White hogs in the area

• Characteristics:– White body– More Bone “Rugged design compared to other mother breeds”

• Noted For:– Maternal characteristics– Durability– Meat quality

Chester White

Sire/Carcass Breeds

• Developed:– Hampshire Co. England– Imported in 1825 to Kentucky– Called “Thin Rinds”– Major growth in 30’s

• Characteristics:– Black with a White Belt

• Noted For:– Carcass Traits– Heaviest muscled leanest breed

Hampshire

Sire/Carcass Breeds

• Developed:– New Jersey Reds– Sire named “Duroc”

• Characteristics:– Red body– Variation is light to dark

• Noted For:– Ruggedness / durability– Feed efficiency– Rate of Growth

Duroc

Sire/Carcass Breeds

• Developed:– Berkshire England

• Characteristics:– Black with erect– 6 – white points

• Face, legs, tail

• Noted For:– True Pure Breed– Highest Pork Quality

Berkshire

Berkshire Gold - Premium Pork Product

Sire/Carcass Breeds

• Developed:– Belgium

• Characteristics:– Spotted– Double muscled

• Noted For:– Leanness and muscle– Below average pork quality

Pietrain

Poland/Spot

• Black with white on face and at least three feet

• May have a splash of white on the body• No red hair• Must exhibit breed character• Spots must exhibit white spots on body a

long with Poland breed character

Cross Breeding

• Developed:– To improve the hog being developed by utilizing the

positives from the breeds selected

– Greater performance and growth rates from increased hybrid vigor

Crossbreeding

Developing F1 crossesHampshire Yorkshire

Developing F1 crossesHampshire Duroc

H D Terminal Boars

Maternal Line

Terminal Line