SVC: Soporte de tensión en red de transmisión que ...

SVC: Soporte de tensión en red de transmisión que alimentan minerias

Sara Willforss System Lead Engineer

Angelica Angelhag, Regional Sales Manager

Agenda

ABB & FACTS

Que és FACTS?

Mining Loads Caracteristics

Juna Down SVC experience

© ABB Group June 20, 2013 | Slide 2

© ABB Group

June 20, 2013 | Slide 3

Como se organiza ABB Cinco divisiones globales

El portafolio de ABB cubre:

Electricidad, automación, controle y instrumentación para la generación de energia y procesos industriales

Potencia de Transmisión

Soluciones de distribución

Productos de baja tensión

Motores and drives

Robots and sistemas

Servicios para mejorar la productividad y confiabilidad

Power Products

Power Systems

Discrete Automation and Motion

Process Automation

$10.7 billion

36,000

employees

$7.9 billion

20,000

employees

$9.4 billion

29,000

employees

$8.2 billion

28,000

employees (2012 revenues)

Low Voltage Products

$6.6 billion

31,000

employees

© ABB Group

June 20, 2013 | Slide 4

FACTS Business overview

Grid Systems Subestaciones Network

Management Power

Generation

Sistemas de Potencia

FACTS

FACTS Impulsionadores de Mercado

Impulsionadores Globales

Aumento de la carga y necessidad de confiabilidad

Desregulamentacion y Privatización

Aumento en la producción

de energia

Comercialización de Energia

entre regiones

Infrastructura antigua

© ABB Group

June 20, 2013 | Slide 6

GEC: Global Execution Center

LEC: Local Execution Center

* Level 1: Stand alone contracts

Level 2: Joint contracts, LEC has operational lead within

mandate (GEC operational lead outside mandate)

** Level 3: GEC operational Lead. Project specific DoW’s

FACTS Grupo Global

Grupo Global de FACTS

INDIA

AUSTRALIA SOUTH

AFRICA

MEXICO PERU

CHILE TAIWAN

ITALY ETC

GEC

SE-FACTS

LEC

Level 1&2*

LEC

Level 3** INOPC

BRAZIL USA

SAUDI

CANADA

CHINA

© ABB Group

June 20, 2013 | Slide 7

FACTS Customer Services Organización Global de FACTS dedicada a dar soporte

© ABB Group

June 20, 2013 | Slide 8

FACTS Base Instalada 672 “activos” en 73 paises

During the past 30

years, ABB FACTS

has supplied more

than 800 plants

Active = Installed

or extensively

upgraded by ABB.

Still in service and

not upgraded by

other supplier

1-10 stations

None

>50 stations

11-50 stations


FACTS?

FACTS Creando espacio para mas potencia en las lineas

Technology

Tra

nsm

issio

n C

apacity Thermal Limit

FACTS

”Usar la tecnologia FACTS es como remover a espuma del chopp”


SC

TCSC

SVC

STATCOM

Dyna PeaQ

sin ) ( 2 1

12

2 1

X

V V P d d - =

V1 /d1 V2 /d2 Power flow

P

FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System Turn Key Solutions


FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System Turn Key Solutions

SC – Fixed

TCSC - Controllable

Series Compensation Dynamic Energy Storage

SVC Light with Energy Storage

DynaPeaQ®

AC

DC

SVC

STATCOM (SVC Light®)

Shunt Compensation


FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System Experience and History

Shunt Compensation

SVC, since 1975

STATCOM (SVC Light®), since 1997

DynaPeaQ® (Energy Storage), since 2011

Series Compensation

Fixed SC, since 1950

Thyristor Controlled SC (TCSC), since 1997


FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System Porque usar FACTS?

Beneficios de usar tecnologias FACTS:

Aumento de capacidad de transferencia de energia

Aumentar la estabilidad del sistema

Menores pérdidas y mayor eficiencia

Menor necesidad de lineas de transmision

Menor area necessária (LT)

Tecnologia mejor para el medio ambiente

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FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System FACTS Aplicaciones

Aplicaciones de FACTS para

los siguientes segmentos de

clientes

Transmision

Distribucion

Industria

Energia Aeolica (coneccion

a la red)

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Remote areas where power supplies are

weak or inadequate.

Rough, inaccessible terrain, more or less

unsuited for OH line construction.

The induction motors inherently draws

large amount of reactive power whenever

the operation is disturbed such that their

slip increases.

This dynamic reactive power load can be

dangerous to the grid’s capability to

maintain the voltage and a voltage

collapse can occur.

Ways to reinforce the grid:

Traditional

New power lines.

Upgrading voltages to higher levels.

Building local power plants.

The cost effective way

Utilize existing grid by using FACTS.

FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System General – Mining Load Characteristics


FACTS – Flexible AC Transmission System What is SVC?

SVC - Static Var Compensator

Thyristor Controlled Shunt Regulator of Reactive Power.

Regulate and control the connecting HV bus voltage, under normal steady state

conditions.

Provide dynamic, fast response reactive power following system contingencies, e.g.

network short circuits, line and generator disconnections.

Robust, reliable and well proven design!


Control System

MACH 2, regulate and control the SVC.

TCR – Thyristor Controlled Reactor

Dynamically controlled from zero current to full

current.

TSC – Thyristor Switched Capacitor

Switched off with zero current or switched on

with full current.

Harmonic Filters Capacitors

Reducing harmonics generated by the TCR.

Always connected!

Power Transformer

Connects the SVC main components to HV bus.

MSC – Mechanically Switched Capacitor

Only used in slow regulation, i.e. steady state

control.

SVC – Static Var Compensator Main Components


SVC – Static Var Compensator Voltage Control

Regulator Vref + D V Bref Vact

SVC

Feedback Elements

The gain of the regulator determines the response time and stability of the control system

Controlled Output

Primary Feedback

Signal

Reference Input

-

The Control system determines the

gating pulses to the thyristors, and

responds to a signal representing the

desired output voltage/susceptance


SVC – Main Components Control & Protection, Thyristor Valve and Valve Cooling Control & Protection

Mach 2 Control System

More than 150 systems in

service

FACTS and HVDC

Conventional Protective Relays

Thyristor Valve

Single phase valves

ETT (Electricaly Triggered

Thyristor) technology

Protection and supervision

integrated in the valve

Cooling System

Pump Unit, dual pumps

Heat Exchanger (Cooler)

Cooling Control System

PS950, MACH2 family

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SVC – Main Components Transformer, Reactor, Capacitor etc

Transformer

3-phase or 1-phase

Saturation is the major charistic that is different for SVC transformers, than for standard design units.

Reactor

Air core

Capacitor

Internally fused

Additional Components

Current Transformers

Voltage Transformers

Electronic Voltage Transducers

Surge Arresters

Circuit Breakers

Disconnectors & Grounding

Switches

Station Service Power

Juna Downs SVC Background – Generation and Transmission Facilities

Pilbara Generation & Transmission Facilities

500 km radial grid

The main part of the generation is located at the coast.

Main load is inland.

220 kV line connecting the load area with the coastal

generation area.

Contributes active as well as reactive power to

the mining load.

Availability is degraded due to outages caused by

lightning.

At Juna Downs

The load is 85% heavy mining loads with crushers,

conveyors, pumps, etc.

The remainder chiefly consists of air conditioning.

The fault level is low, dipping below 200 MVA in certain

grid situations.

During contingencies, the feeding voltage can drop to

0.8-0.5 p.u.

=> Large motors and other vital functions are lost.

Juna Downs SVC Background – The need of SVC

Improve the present power supply as well as to

accommodate the planned increase of ore

extraction.

The primary function of the SVC is to provide

reliable reactive power support to the area and

stabilise the 220 kV voltage, keeping the system

and loads on line

Steady state conditions

Transient disturbances


±100 Mvar for 1 hour

±75 Mvar continuous

2 TCR, 70 Mvar each

1 TSC, 60 Mvar

Transformer, 75MVA continuous band 100 MVA for 1 hour

3rd Harmonic Filter, 15 Mvar

5th Harmonic Filter, 15 Mvar

7th Harmonic filter, 10 Mvar

2 MSC, 25 Mvar each (Only used in slow regulation, i.e. steady state control.)

Juna Downs SVC Rating and Single Line Diagram


Juna Downs SVC Layout


Juna Downs SVC Photo


Juna Downs SVC Undervoltage Strategy

Low fault levels in the Pilbara network below

200 MVA in certain grid situations.

During contingencies, the feeding voltage

can drop to 0.8-0.5 p.u.

Studies were performed to enable proper

SVC response to fault conditions.

Resulted in a special undervoltage strategy.

Not only detects a symmetrical or

unsymmetrical fault in the network.

Also blocks and deblocks the TSC in such a

way that the TSC operates to fully support the

system with reactive power when needed, but

is blocked at the instant of voltage recovery to

avoid overshoots.


Juna Downs SVC Experience

SVC not in service,

voltage is fluctuating!

SVC in service,

voltage is stable!


Questions?

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