Supporting Information from Blue to Green and Red ...Supporting Information Postmodification...
Transcript of Supporting Information from Blue to Green and Red ...Supporting Information Postmodification...
Supporting Information
Postmodification Strategy to Modulate the Photoluminescence of Carbon Dots
from Blue to Green and Red: Synthesis and Applications
Min Zhenga*, Lihong Qiaoa, Ya Sua, Pengli Gaoa, and Zhigang Xieb*
a School of Chemistry and Life Science, Advanced Institute of Materials Science,
Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012,
P. R. China
b State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of
Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun,
Jilin 130022, P. R. China
*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] (Min Zheng); [email protected]
(Zhigang Xie)
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry B.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019
Experimental Section
Materials. All reagents were purchased from commercial sources and used without
further treatment.
Characterizations.
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were carried out on a JEOL
JEM–1011 (Japan) at the accelerating voltage of 100 kV. High-resolution TEM (HR-
TEM) images were recorded with a FEI-TECNAI G2 transmission electron
microscope operating at 200 kV. X-Ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) were obtained
on a Thermo Scientific ESCALAB 250 Multitechnique Surface Analysis. Fourier
Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker Vertex 70
spectrometer. Fluorescence emission spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer LS-55
phosphorescence spectrophotometer. UV-Vis absorption spectra were conducted on
Shimadzu UV-2450 spectrophotometer. The Edinburgh FLS 920 spectrometer with a
calibrated integrating sphere was used to measure absolute Quantum Yield.
MTT [3-(4,5-dmethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay cell
lines and cell culture
HeLa cell lines were purchased from the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. HeLa cells were grown in
Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, GIBCO) supplemented with 10%
heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (GIBCO), 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL
streptomycin (Sigma), and the culture medium was replaced once very day.
Cellular uptake
Cellular uptake by HeLa cells was examined using a confocal laser scanning
microscope. HeLa cells were seeded in 6-well culture plates (a sterile cover slip was
put in each well) with a density of 5 x 104 cells per well and allowed to adhere for 24
h. After that, the cells were treated with CD-B, CD-V and CD-A (2 mg/mL) for 1 h
at 37 °C, respectively. After that, the supernatant was carefully removed and the
cells were washed three times with PBS. Subsequently, the cells were fixed with 800
μL of 4% formaldehyde in each well for 20 min at room temperature and washed
twice with PBS again. The slides were mounted and observed with a confocal laser
scanning microscope imaging system (Zeiss LSM 780).
In vivo fluorescence imaging.
Kunming male mice were obtained from Jilin University, China (56–84 days, 20–25
g) and maintained under required conditions. Their use for this study was approved
by the Animal Ethics Committee of Jilin University. Before the subcutaneous
injection, the back area of the mouse was shaved to minimize autofluorescence. The
mouse were subcutaneously injected with CD-V and CD-A (2 mg/mL, 25 μL) on
their back after being anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 1% pentobarbital.
The mouse was imaged by using a Maestro in vivo optical imaging system
(Cambridge Research & Instrumentation, Inc., Woburn, Massachusetts). Various
excitations including green (503–555 nm) and yellow (575–605 nm) light were
applied during imaging.
Fig. S1 (A) The photo of the six samples under UV light on the eighth day. (B) 3D
PL spectra of B vs time.
400 500 600 7000
60
120
180
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
20 min 20 min 40 min 40 min 60 min 60 min
60 oC
400 500 6000
50
100
150In
tens
ity (a
.u.)
Wavelength (nm)
20 min 20 min 40 min 40 min 60 min 60 min
40 oC
350 400 450 500 550 600 6500
255075
100125150175200
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
20 min 20 min 40 min 40 min 60 min 60 min
RT
350 400 450 500 550 600 6500
200
400
600
800
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
20 min 20 min 40 min 40 min 60 min 60 min
80 oC
A B
C D
Fig. S2 PL spectra changes of the reaction mixtures of CD-B with VC at RT (A), 40
oC (B), 60 oC (C), and 80 oC (D), the emissions were excited at 300 nm and 440 nm,
respectively.
7 8 9 10 11 12 13Diameter (nm)3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0Diameter (nm) 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5Diameter (nm)
A B C
Fig. S3 Size distribution of CD-B (A), CD-V (B) and CD-A (C) determined by TEM
images.
4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500
Tran
smitt
ance
Wavenumbers (cm-1)
C=N
4000350030002500200015001000 500
Tran
smitt
ance
Wavenumbers (cm-1)4000350030002500200015001000 500
C-OTran
smitt
ance
Wavenumbers (cm-1)
C=O
A B C
Fig. S4 FT-IR spectrum of CD-B (A), CD-V (B) and CD-A (C).
0 10 20 30 40
IRF CD-V
Inte
nsity
Time (ns)
500 550 600 650 700 7500
20
40
60
80
100
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Wavelength (nm)
460 nm 480 nm 500 nm 520 nm 540 nm 560 nm
0 10 20 30 40
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
Time (ns)
IRF CD-A
A B
C D
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
0
200
400
600
800
1000In
tens
ity (a
.u.)
Wavelength (nm)
360 nm 380 nm 400 nm 420 nm 440 nm 460 nm 480 nm
Fig. S5 (A) PL spectra of CD-V under the excitation of 360-480 nm. (B) PL decay
curve of CD-V. (C) PL spectra of CD-A under the excitation of 460-560 nm. (D) PL
decay curve of CD-A.
Table S1 A series of control experiments of CD-B with VC.
Samples CD-B (mg/mL) VC (mg/mL)
A 0.5 0.5
B 0.05 0.5
C 0.005 0.5
D 0.1 0.1
E 0.1 0.25
F 0.1 0.5