Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
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Transcript of Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
Superconducting Generators for Large Wind Turbines
Markus MuellerOzan Keysan – Joe Burchell
[email protected]@ed.ac.uk
Institute for Energy SystemsThe University of Edinburgh
19/03/2012
Motivation
BARD 5MWGlobal Offshore Wind Energy Markets and Strategies,2009
In 2020, 85% of offshore wind turbine installations will be larger than 5 MW
Wind Turbines: Constantly Growing How big?
UpWind Project: A 20 MW Wind Turbine is Feasible
www.upwind.eu
Mass of Direct-Drive Generators
Harakosan 1.5MW,18 rpm,47 tonnes
(*) D. Bang et.al. “Review of Generator Systems for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines,” 2008,
All data available at goo.gl/ZZivv
Enercon4.5 MW, 13 rpm220 tonnes
Reliability of Wind Turbines
Hahn, B., & Durstewitz, M. (2007). Wind Energy-Reliability of Wind Turbines.
~1MW, 1500 onshore turbines
Types of HTS Machines Rotating DC Superconducting Field
Most Common Type Transient Torques on HTS wire Cryocooler Coupler + Electrical Brushes
Low Reliability + Maintenance Magnetized Bulk HTS
Very Difficult to Handle Demagnetization?
All Superconducting Machines AC Losses on HTS wire
Reliability?
Cooling System Cryogenic Couplers Electric Brushes Transient torques on SC Demagnetization for
Bulk SC AC losses on SC wire
Issues with Superconducting GeneratorsSeaTitan
AMSC, 10 MW, 10 rpmDirect-drive superconducting generator
Homopolar HTSG
Homopolar HTSG Pros
Stationary SC Field No Brushes No Transient Torque
on SC Simplified Cooling,
Isolation
Homopolar HTSG
Cons Uni-directional flux
density Reduced power
density
Bipolar HTSG
Bipolar HTSG
Bipolar HTSG Pros
Bidirectional Flux Increased Power
Density Cons
Double SC field winding
Mechanical Issues
Transverse Flux HTSG
Pros Single Stationary SC Coil Bidirectional flux High Torque Density
Cons Magnetic Attraction
Forces 3D Flux (Soft magnetic
composites needed)
Transverse Flux HTSG
3D FEA Verification
Main Specifications
Power Output
70 kW
Speed 100 rpm
Diameter 1.3 mAxial Length 0.5 mSC Wire Current
216 A
SC Wire Length
880 m
Next Stage: Linear Prototype
Next Stage: Linear Prototype
Some Publications "A Homopolar HTSG Topology for Large Direct-Drive Wind Turbines",
Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 21(5), 3523 - 3531. doi:10.1109/TASC.2011.2159005.
"Superconducting Generators for Renewable Energy Applications", Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011, IET Renewable Power Generation Conference, Edinburgh.
"A Transverse Flux High-Temperature Superconducting Generator Topology for Large Direct Drive Wind Turbines", Keysan O., and Mueller M., 2011. Superconductivity Centennial Conference, 2011, Den Haag, The Netherlands.
THANKS