Status of horizontal MBK for XFEL

Vladimir Vogel,Stefan Choroba, Andrzej Bienkowski, Andrey Cherepenko, Jens

Hartung, Thomas Froelich, Richard Wagner

Status of horizontal MBK for XFEL

2

XFEL Project meeting, DESY, August 19, 2009V. Vogel (DESY - MHF-p)


Outline

Specification and klystron interfaceTest resultsKlystron life time and fast protection Plans

3



Specification

Version 10/02/2006A

Pulsed Klystron Amplifier: Description10 MW (peak) 150 kW (average)sealed-off, 1.3 GHz, fixed-tuned

Electromagnetically focused, waveguide output,Coaxial input, water cooled, ion-pumped

Including:Klystron tubes

Solenoid magnetsX-ray shielding

Ion pumpsTube socketsSupport case

TestingShipping crates

Specification for a 10 Megawatt (Peak)Amplifier at 1.3 GHz

Horizontal version MBK for the XFEL

4



Klystron interface

D 600

750

1560

5



180 ~2800

1400

Double tanks

Pulse transformer+Filament+U,I measurement

Cables matchingplate

Oil coolingsystem

Tank hatch for filament connection

~500

Öl

Connection of horizontal klystron to the pulse transformer

6



Why we need the connection module?

HV cable tothe HV pulsetransformer

HF filamenttransformer

Tubesocket

Klystron gun insulator320

HF powersupply

~3000

No open oil inside tunnel!!!1. 9 ton pulse transformer and 2 ton klystron

don’t need to be mechanical connected!2. Pulse transformer don’t need filament p/s and

Voltage-Current measurements!

7



Connection module

High voltage cable connectionto the pulse transformer

Current monitor

Voltage monitor

High voltagescreens

Primary windingSecondary winding

Core material

BINP, Novosibirsk

~120 kV

8



HV cable

Nadezhda Evmenova, BINP Novosibirsk

Cable connection betweenklystron and pulse transformerWe have a plan to design it and testin cooperation with BINP, Novosibirsk

250 kV DC cable

klystron

Connectionmodule

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Horizontal MBK status

Workingtime

DESYAcceptance test

Deliveryto DESY

Factory testCompanyname

-October 2009, (plan)

September 2009, (plan)20.10.2008

Thales,TH 1802

160hours10.07.200914.05.200902.04.2009

CPI,VKL-8301B

1100 hours27.02.200818.09.200723.08.2007Toshiba,E3736H

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Halle 2, horizontal MBK test stands

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Toshiba horizontal MBK, exterior view

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Toshiba MBK, Gain and Bandwidth

U = 118.8kV, I = 129.5A

Frequency (MHz)1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303

Out

put p

ower

(MW

)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Saturation90% of Saturation

Input power (W)0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Out

put p

ower

(MW

)0

2

4

6

8

10

U=116.1kV, I=128.1AU=106.8kV, I=111A

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Toshiba MBK, Efficiency and Output Power

Uhv (kV)70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

Effi

cien

cy (%

)

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

70

Saturation mode

U hv (kV)70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

Pou

t (M

W)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

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Toshiba MBK, Plug-in power

PRR=10Hz, Thv=1.7mSec, Trf=1.5mSec, saturation mode

Pout DC HVPS (kW)80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Pou

t RF

(MW

)

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

New PPT modulator +ABB pulse transformer

15



Toshiba MBK, short pulse

Input

Reflection frominput cavity

Output WEST

Output OST

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Toshiba MBK, second harmonic (one of modes)

Toshiba E3736H#1

Pin (db)-20 -15 -10 -5 0P

out (

dbm

, for

1.3

GH

z. d

bm+1

06, f

or 2

.6G

Hz

)

70

75

80

85

90

95

1.3GHz2.6GHz

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Toshiba MBK, spectrum of output signal

2 APCLRWR

3 APCLRWR

B

Att 20 dB*Ref 0 dBm

Center 1.3 GHz Span 20 MHz2 MHz/

*

*

RBW 10 kHzVBW 1 MHzSWT 100 s

1 PKMAXH

*

PRN

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

01

Marker 1 [T1 ] -1.64 dBm 1.300000000 GHz

2

Marker 2 [T1 ] -54.63 dBm 1.296320000 GHz

3

Delta 3 [T1 ] -53.64 dB 3.620000000 MHz

Date: 5.AUG.2009 11:45:16

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Toshiba MBK, output amplitude and phase

OST amplitude (diode)300kW-1mV

WEST forward amplitude, logarithmic

phase1degree-25mV

OST reflected amplitude, logarithmic

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CPI MBK, exterior view

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CPI MBK, gain

July 24, 2009 Trf=1500uSec, prr=10

Pin (W)0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Pou

t (M

W)

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

UhV=106.4kVU hV=111.9kVU hV=116.8kV

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CPI MBK, bandwidth

Frequency (MHz)1296 1297 1298 1299 1300 1301 1302 1303 1304

Pou

t (M

W)

0

2

4

6

8

10

Pin =95 W, SaturationPin = 33 WPin= 43 W, 90% Power

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CPI MBK, Efficiency and Output Power

CPI, 23.07.2009

Uklystron (kV)85 90 95 100 105 110 115

Effic

ienc

y (%

), sa

tura

tion

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

Uklystron (kV)90 95 100 105 110 115

Pou

t (M

W),

satu

ratio

n2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

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Thales MBK

Factory data18.08.2009

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Test results

Both of tested klystron full meet to DESY specificationWe can work on the level of 5 MW power in the one of arm without SF6, (Dry air flow~70 l/min and overpressure of 0.35bar), BDR~5*10-6 , now limited by loads and bellowsWe have new type of very high efficiency tubes, and we don’t have much time to get experience of tube operation before we will put these tubes in XFEL tunnel for ~20 years.

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Klystron protection and Klystron Life Time

Factors which can reduce the lifetime of the tube:Bad vacuum: ions’ current, RF and HV breakdown, reduction of cathode emissionGun arc: destruction of cathode and anode surfaces, metal evaporation what canpollute the HV insulator and cathode.RF breakdown: destruction of cavities surface, the pollution of the ceramic of RF windows. Cycles of cathode heater P/S: Thermal stress, the switch off the P/S in the bad vacuum conditionscan reduce the cathode emission. Waveguide breakdown: over voltage in RF window, shockwaves can destroy the ceramic

Maximum electric field strength on cathode ~ 60 kV/cmMaximum electric field strength in the output cavity ~ 200kV/cmMaximum electric field on the surface of output window ~ 4.7 kV/cm

Beam energy ~25.4kJ, RF energy ~15kJ

MBK 10 MW, 10 pps, 1.7 ms HV and 1.5 ms RF,is very expensive device

M type dispenser cathode with beam loading of 2.A/cm^2 can provideaverage lifetimes of 145,000 hours!

Lifetime of the tube should be in excess of 60,000 hours.Our goal:

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World experience in operation of RF systemsСредний срок службы КИУ на ЛУЭ-2 ГэВ

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1965 1969 1973 1977 1981 1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005

Календарный год

Дол

гове

чнос

ть, тыс.

час

.

SLS Event Logging: Experience

Л.С. Белянинова, В. Н. Борискин, Ю.Д. Тур, А.И.ХудяковНациональный научный центр «Харьковский физико-технический институт»,

ул. Академическая,1, Харьков,61108, УкраинаE-mail: [email protected]

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Connection between MBK and waveguide distribution system

Lightsensors

Westloads

RFi

n, 5

MW

RFout1, 2.5MW

RFout2, 2.5MW

Harmonicabsorbers

Forward

Reflected

Harmonics ~ -23db + HOM from beam

the volume where is 5MW power level, should be minimum.+ the length of power divider together with DC can be shortened.- New power divider with harmonics and HOM absorber need to be developed and tested

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Fast protection system for XFEL MBK

Main point: detect all events which can destroy the tube, as quickly aspossible, then stop input power to the tube and send signal to stop HV.The tube recovery procedure should depend on the kind of events has happened.

Impulse shape analyzer (DC) (Analog Prototype exists, needs to be improved, work in progress. )

Reflected power sensor (DC) (Prototype exists, DC needs to be improved)

Light detectors (the development is started based on the new electronics)

Sound sensors (the development is started using ultrasonic sensors)

Gun arc detector (the development is started)

X-ray sensor (the investigation is started)

Partial discharge sensor (discussion with BINP Novosibirsk, the investigation is started)

Vacuum tube measurement (Prototype exists, needs to be improved.)

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Block diagram of fast protection system

τ1

ττ=25 nSec

maintrigger

directionalcoupler

RF switchercontrol

Fast channel

Window or tubebreakdown

Waveguidebreakdown

0.5 – 5 Sec

Att1300MHzoscillator

Main trigger

tube vacuum

waveguides pressureor air flower

Light

sensor

X-raysensor

Light

sensor

Klystron protection

fastchannel

slowchannel

Protection level

Protectionlevel, recoverytime, delay, status…

Sound sens.

Preamp.

Interlock

Gun arcsensor

Stop mod.

Partialdischarge sensor

Klystron ready

Stop cathodeheater p/s

5 – 15 SecCondition betweennormal pulses

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Status of horizontal MBK for XFELdirectional coupler is one of important devices

~88%over voltage

~20%over voltage

after modification

Many of them are used in FLASH and in PITZ. DC has attenuation about 60 db, directivity more than of 40db and enough wide bandwidth, but not in 5 MW power level!

(S.P.A. Ferrite Ltd St. Petersburg)

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Pulse shape analyzer

τ1

τ2

maintrigger

Crystal detectorafter DC

ShapeAnalyzerdP/dt

Protection level

blank impulse

Without shape analyzer

With shape analyzer

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Examples of fast protection system working

Breakdown with arcRecovery time several minutes

Breakdown without arcRecovery time several seconds

Forward WEST

Forward OST

Reflection WEST

Reflection OST

Signal from Light detector

Input power

Reflection OSTlogarithmic detector

Reflection OSTdiode detector

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Waveguide breakdowns in the stage of arcing and in the stage of pre-breakdown

Stage of arc

Stage of prebreakdowng

Input power

Signal from Light detector

Forward WEST

Forward OST

Reflection OST

Reflection WEST

Switch off in the stageof the pre-breakdown,

without shockwave

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Preparation to the harmonic level measurement

SMA connector as an antenna• Cheap• good reproducible • Low disruption

PC

64Relays

Unit

Phase Measurement

Unit

Reference

LevelMeasurement

Unit

Control

AD

AD

Relays Unit with HF coax relays• high Isolation • high Input Level

Measurement of• 1.3 GHz • 2.6 GHz 1.harmonic• 3.9 GHz 2.harmonic• 5.2 GHz 3.harmonic• 6.5 GHz 4.harmonic

Timing

WR650

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Plans for 2009

August - October 2009: Continue test of CPI MBKSeptember-October 2009: Thales MBK testSeptember-November 2009: Connection module + HV cable testOctober 2009: Start operation in 30 Hz PRRNovember 2009: Start measurement of harmonics levelNovember-December 2009: discussion with companies, modification of specification and preparation for call of tender for MBK for XFELKlystron Life Time (KLT): build in, the present fast protection system, to the DOOC system (together with MSK)

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Thank you for yours attention!

Status of horizontal MBK for XFEL

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