Statistic Concepts in Research * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

8/3/2019 Statistic Concepts in Research * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

1/31


3/31

;. Nogmnkc Ghkqx|hghnp Qakch

Ghkqx|h` l} akphbo|mhq o| cklhcq

Bmuhn ao`hq / akphbo|mhq k|h mn nxgh|makc

ukcxhq / kcvjklhpXqh` po ghkqx|h {xkcmpkpmuh uk|mklchq

h.b.4 bhn`h|# |kah# v|ob|kg oe

qpx`}# p}vhq oe joxqhq# p}vh oe ak|q

Corhqp chuhc oe ghkqx|hghnp


4/31


5/31

1. Mnph|ukc Ghkqx|hghnp Qakch

Ghkqx|hghnp mq mn {xknpmpkpmuh qao|hq /

ukcxhq

Bmuhn / ghkqx|h` {xknpmpmhq gk} jkuh )uh /'uh ukcxhq

Qxmpklch eo| {xknpmpkpmuh uk|mklchq

h.b.4 Vh|eo|gknah mn k qxldhap# M[ qao|hq# chuhcqoe qhce'aonahvp# dol qkpmqekapmon chuhcq


6/31

0. \kpmo Ghkqx|hghnp Qakch

Ghkqx|hghnp mq mn {xknpmpkpmuh ukcxhq

Eo| kcc uk|mklchq pjkp jkuh klqocxph th|o

ukcxh

Bmuhn/ghkqx|h` {xknpmpmhq gk} jkuh )uh/

'uh# kn` |kpmo ukcxhq

h.b.4 P|kmnmnb pmgh# nxglh| oe gmqpkihq#pmgh pkihn po |xn ;66g# lo`} rhmbjp#

`mqpknah p|kuhcch`


7/31

P}vh oe Uk|mklchq

AONPMNXOXQ UK\MKLCH4

Uk|mklchq pjkp `o nop jkuh k gmnmgxg xnmp ukcxh.

Aonahvpxkcc}# pjh ukcxh gk} oaax| pmcc mnemnmp}.

h.b.4 @mqpknah ghkqx|h`# qao|h# pmgh# kbh

@MQA\HPH UK\MKLCH

Uk|mklchq pjkp xqh emnmph aoxnpklch gmnmgxg xnmp ukcxh Xqh rjoch nxglh|q goqp oe pjh pmgh

Ukcxh aknnop lh qxl`mum`h` ex|pjh|

h.b.4 Nxglh| oe ajmc`|hn# nxglh| oe ak|q#

nxglh| oe v|ob|kgq


8/31

Qpkpmqpmaq

K gkpjhgkpmakc phajnm{xh o| v|oahqq po

aocchap# o|bknmth# knkc}th# kn` mnph|v|hp

nxgh|makc `kpk olpkmnh` e|og kn olqh|uh`b|oxv eo| k |hqhk|ajh` b|oxv.

Qoghpmghq xqh` eo| `hqa|mlmnb aocchaph`nxgh|makc `kpk.


9/31

@kpk Qpkpmqpmaq

@hqa|mlhq b|oxv lhjkumox| o| ajk|kaph|mqpmaq

olpkmnh` pj|oxbj olqh|ukpmonq on mn`mum`xkcq

mn k b|oxv# qo pjkp bhnh|kcmtkpmonq gk} lhgk`h.

h.b.4 Ghkn oe gonpjc} mnaogh 7 |g1#666.66

Ghkn kbh oe }hk| 0 qpx`hnpq 7 ;6}hk|q


10/31

VOVXCKPMON QKGVCH

@KPKE\OGVOV?

@HQA\MLH

PJH VOV.

MNEH\HNPMKC

QPKP.

@KPKE\OGQKGVCH?

\HCKPMONQJMVQ LHPRHHN VOVXCKPMON %

QKGVCH


11/31

[xknpmpkpmuh \hqhk|aj

@hqa|mvpmuh

Vx|voqh mq dxqp po

`hqa|mlh k qpx`mh`b|oxv

h.b.4 Po qpx`} phkajh|kppmpx`h pork|`q xqh oeao|vo|kc vxnmq.jghnp

Mneh|hnpmkc

Vx|voqh mq po `hqa|mlh

k vovxckpmon lkqh` onaocchaph` `kpk e|og k

qkgvch


12/31

@hqa|mvpmuh Qpkpmqpmaq

Ghpjo` oe `hqa|mlmnb olqh|uh`# v|oahqqh`#

kn` knkc}th` `kpk.

Gkmn vx|voqh mq po olpkmn k vmapx|h o|

`hqa|mvpmon oe pjh olqh|uh` `kpk.

Knopjh| vx|voqh mq po bmuh ghknmnb kn` po

qxggk|mth pjh `kpk.


13/31


[xknpmpkpmuhc}

@hqa|mlmnb xqmnb nxgh|ma ukcxhq o| {xknpmpmhq

Aonpkmnq phzpq `hqa|mlh` xqmnb {xknpmpkpmuh `kpkknkc}qmq

[xkcmpkpmuhc} @hqa|mlmnb mn pjh eo|g oe vmapx|hq# phzpq# hpa.


14/31


O|bknmtmnb `kpk qo pjkp mp roxc` lh go|hghknmnbexc *{xknpmpkpmuh-

Pklchq

Ghkqx|hq oe ahnp|kc phn`hnamhq

Xqmnb vmapx|hq *{xkcmpkpmuh-

Vmh / lk| ajk|pq Jmqpob|kgq

Voc}bon e|h{xhnamhq


15/31

Phajnm{xh oe @hqa|mlmnb @kpk Xqmnb Vmapx|hq

Nogmnkc o| O|`mnkc @kpk

E|h{xhna} `mqp|mlxpmonpklch

Lk| ajk|p

Vmh ajk|p

Aonpmnbhna} pklch

Mnph|ukc o| \kpmo @kpk

E|h{xhna} mqp|mlxpmonpklch

Jmqpob|kg

Voc}bon e|h{xhna}

Qakpph| mkb|kg

\hb|hqqmon cmnh


16/31

E|h{xhna} @mqp|mlxpmon Pklch

\HQXCPQ G E

K

L

A

@

H

E

POPKC


17/31

Aonpmnbhna} Pklch

LH`.PHQC LH`.*B%A- POPKC

KB\HH POVXNMQJGHNP

;


18/31

Phajnm{xh oe @hqa|mlmnb @kpk

Ghkqx|hq oe Ahnp|kc Phn`hnamhq Go`h

Nogmnkc `kpk

Goqp e|h{xhnpc} oaax||mnb qao|h

Aoggonc} xqh` ghkqx|hghnp

Gh`mkn O|`mnkc `kpk

Gm``ch ghkqx|hghnp

Qxmpklch eo| qihrh` `mqp|mlxpmon

Ghkn Mnph|ukc o| |kpmo `kpk

P}vmakc ghkqx|hghnp

Kuh|kbh ghkqx|hghnp

Qxmpklch eo| ex|pjh| knkc}qmq


19/31

Ghkqx|hq oe Ahnp|kc Phn`hna}


20/31

No|gkc Ax|uh

go`h

gh`mkn

ghkn


21/31

Qihrh` po pjh \mbjp *)uh-

go`h gh`mkn ghkn


22/31

Qihrh` po pjh Chep *'uh-

ghkn gh`mkn go`h


23/31

Uk|mklmcmp}

Qv|hk` o| `mqvh|qmon `mqp|mlxpmon aonahvp4

k. Jogobhnhoxq

l. Jhph|obhnhoxq


24/31

Ghkqx|hq oe Uk|mklmcmp}

\knbh4 jmbjhqp gmnxq corhqp qao|h

Mnph|{xk|pmch \knbh4 `hqa|mlhq |knbh oeukcxhq eo| gm``ch 86( oe qao|hq

Qhgm' Mnph|{xk|pmch \knbh4 `hqa|mlhq kub.Qv|hk` oe qao|hq eo|


25/31

Mneh|hnpmkc Qpkpmqpmaq

Ghpjo` oe gkimnb aonacxqmon on pjh |hqhk|ajh`

vovxckpmon lkqh` on olqh|ukpmonq gk`h on pjh

qkgvch .h.b.4

Ghkn @meeh|hnah

Knkc}qhq oe \hckpmonqjmvq

V|oahqq oe `hqa|mlmnb o| hqpmgkpmnb pjh vovxckpmon

ajk|kaph|mqpmaq xqmnb pjh ajk|kaph|mqpmaq oe qkgvchq

pjkp k|h |hv|hqhnpkpmuh oe pjh vovxckpmon.


26/31

Mneh|hnpmkc Qp|kphbmhq

Hqpmgkpmon hqpmgkpmnb pjh vk|kghph|

ukcxh lkqh` on qkgvch qpkpmqpmaq.

J}vopjhqmq Phqpmnb phqpmnb pjh hzphnp pjh

vk|kghph| ukcxh mq qmgmck| po pjh ukcxh

olqh|uh` e|og pjh qkgvch.


27/31

Mneh|hnpmkc V|hamqmon

Qkgvch Qmth

Uk|mklmcmp} oe Vovxckpmon @kpk

\hv|hqhnpkpmuhnhqq oe Olqh|uh` Qkgvch#

Pkimnb mnpo Aonqm`h|kpmon pjh Ao||hap

Qkgvcmnb V|oah`x|h Xqh`


28/31

Mneh|hnpmkc Phajnm{xh

Vk|kghp|ma Phqp Gkimnb Kqqxgvpmonq onpjh Vovxckpmon E|og Rjmaj pjh QkgvchRkq Qhchaph`.

Go|h Vorh|exc Pjkn Nonvk|kghp|ma Phqpq% Klch po Qjor @meeh|hnahq o| P|xh

\hckpmonqjmvq.


29/31

Kqqxgvpmonq oe Vk|kghp|ma Phqpq

\h{xm|hq @kpk Pjkp K|h Kp Chkqp4

Mnph|ukc `kpk

@mqp|mlxpmon mq no|gkc

Mnuocuhq qpkpmqpmakc % j}vopjhqmq

phqpmnb


30/31

Mneh|hnpmkc Phajnm{xh

Nonvk|kghp|ma phqpq gkih ehrh|kqqxgvpmonq kloxp pjh vovxckpmon e|og

rjmaj pjh qkgvch rkq qhchaph` 7`mqp|mlxpmon'e|hh phqpq.

K`uknpkbh qkeh| po xqh me pjh kqqxgvpmonqnhahqqk|} eo| vk|kghp|ma phqpq kvvhk| pojkuh lhhn umockph`.


31/31

J}vopjhqmq Phqpmnb

Phqpmnb nxcc j}vopjhqmq xqmnb `meeh|hnp phqpq

lkqh` on p}vh oe ghkqx|hghnp qakch kn`

`kpk. Gkimnb aonacxqmon on pjh nxcc j}vopjhqmq.

Gkimnb `hamqmon on pjh kcph|nkpmuh

j}vopjhqmq.

Statistic Concepts in Research * Dr. Azadeh Asgari

Documents

Transcript of Statistic Concepts in Research * Dr. Azadeh Asgari