States of Matter & Phase Changes

Solid, Liquid, & Gas

Temperature The amount of kinetic energy

(movement) of the particles.

Higher temperature- faster motion

Lower temperature- slower motion

GAINING THERMAL ENERGY

Particles move faster

temperature rises

Melting

Change from solid to liquid

Increase in kinetic energy

Vaporization Liquid becomes a

gas

2 TYPES

1. Evaporation- takes place at surface & below boiling point.

2. Boiling- occurs below the surface and at a certain temperature

Gaining thermal energy

Sublimation A solid changing

DIRECTLY into a gas.

Ex: Dry Ice

LOSING THERMAL ENERGY

Particles move slower

temperature drops

Freezing

liquid to solid

Freezing Point- temp when liquid changes to solid

Losing thermal energy

Condensation

gas changes into a liquid

Ex- Beads of water that form on a glass

Losing thermal energy

Deposition

Gas changing directly into a solid

Ex: frost

Brain Pop Videohttp://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078778085/student_view0/brainpop_movies.html#

Solid, Liquid, or Gas 1.) Which state of matter

does this picture represent?

Solid, Liquid, or Gas 2.) Which state of matter

does this picture represent?

Solid, Liquid, or Gas 3.) Which state of matter

does this picture represent?

Identify the state of matter that matches each

statement.

4.) Has a definite shape & volume

5.) Completely fills the container

6.) Has a definite volume but no definite shape because it takes on the shape of the container

7.) Particles have a lot of energy & move very fast; there is space between the particles

8.) Particles have enough energy to slide past each other but are still touching

9.) Particles have very little energy & vibrate in fixed positions

Heat+ Heat

Gaining thermal energy

Particles move faster & temperature rises

- Heat Losing thermal

energy

Particles move slower & temperature drops

Melting Change from a solid to a

liquid

Crystalline Solid Crystalline Solid-

solids in which the particles are arranged in a repeating pattern.

Forms crystals

Ex- salt, sugar diamonds, sand, snow

Amorphous Solid

Amorphous Solid- particles are arranged randomly

Does not form crystals

Ex- rubber, glass, plastics

Viscosity Viscosity- a liquids

resistance to flow.

High viscosity- flows slow

Low viscosity – flows quickly

Plasma Plasma- an

electrically charged gas that exists at extremely high temperatures

Ex- lightning, stars, neon lights, the northern lights,