SPEECH ORGANIZATION

COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION

or Stage Fright!

Caused by three things: Fear of Failure

Physical Tension

Mental Tension

FEAR OF FAILURE

Fear of Failure: 1. have something to do 2. know how to do it well 3. practice 4. preparation

Physical Tension: Learn to Relax

Mental Tension: Concentrate on Physical Relaxation

BUILDING A SPEECH

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

INTRODUCTIONS

There are three purposes of an introduction:

1) to gain the attention of the audience

2) to establish knowledge and credibility

3) to inform the audience of the purpose

ATTENTION GETTERS

The first sentence that you say to your audience should get their attention and make them want to listen to your message. There are 8 types of “attention getters” to help you do this.

1) Story – to tell an event that happened to someone else. Ex. Ann was a hard working student that

had every intention of going to college.

ATTENTION GETTERS

2) Quote: To restate the words of someone famous or credible Ex. In the words of the great Dr. Martin Luther King

Jr., “I have a dream…” 3) Humor: To start with a joke or funny

anecdote Ex. There, on 5th Avenue, marched a pack of dogs

all wearing dresses. 4) Personal Experience: To tell a story about

yourself Ex. I had always intended to go to college

someday.

ATTENTION GETTERS

5) Startling Statement: To say something that will shock the audience and make them want to listen for clarification Ex: Don left his house that day without knowing that it

would be the last time he would see his family. 6) Question: A rhetorical questions that doesn’t

require an answer. Only used to promote thought. Ex: Do you know what it would be like to plummet 60

stories through the air and live to tell about it? 7) Reference to Surroundings: Make Reference to

something in the room so the audience can compare. Ex: Refugees in prison camps slept in closets the size of

that closet.

8) Statistics: Using numerical facts Ex: 50% of American smokers started

smoking before the age of 13.

Never start your speech with: 1) I did mine over… 2) I didn’t find… 3) I am going to tell you about… This sounds like you don’t think your topic is

interesting enough to put effort into. If you don’t think that it is interesting then your audience won’t want to listen to it either.

ASSIGNMENT

On your own paper write one example for each of the 8 attention getters.

Write the number and the title of that attention getter and then the example. 1. Story – Last year, at Randall High School

there was a student who qualified for the National Speech Tournament.

INTRODUCTIONS

Thesis Statement

Preview

BODY

Within each speech are sub points of the original topic. These are called body points. When giving a speech each body point should be discussed separate from the others.

Transitions: Words or phrases that link separate ideas together and add flow to the rhythm of the speech. Ex. On the other hand, whereas, ultimately, therefore

Organizational Patterns: arranging sub-points of your speech so that the audience will be able to follow along with ease and the speaker can make sure that the points are well supported by their information.

ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS

Temporal pattern: Organizing information on a timeline

Spatial Pattern: Organizing points by use of space. For example, size, east to west, top to bottom.

Compare and Contrast: Compare each of the sub points to each other.

Advantages and Disadvantages: Listing bad and good things about the sub points

Problem-Solution: Stating a problem and listing possible solutions.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions are the last and lasing statement that you will make to your audience. It should be clear and final, never using any new points or information.

Purposes for conclusions: Summarize your sub-points Leave the audience with a thought

Types of conclusions:1) Request2) Quote3) Reference to opening story4) Emotional appeal

CONCLUSIONS

NEVER SAY:

That’s it

I’m done

Thank you

The End

SPEECH ORGANIZATION

Introduction Attention Getter Thesis Statement Preview

Body Conclusion

Summary Concluding Statement