11

Organizing Organizing YourYourSpeechSpeech

Chapter 9Chapter 9

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OrganizationOrganization

Speech structureSpeech structure The systematic The systematic

arrangement of arrangement of ideas into a ideas into a coherent wholecoherent whole

Makes speeches Makes speeches listenablelistenable

33

Main points Main points

Give speech focusGive speech focus Most important, Most important,

comprehensive ideascomprehensive ideas Help decide information Help decide information

to include & leave outto include & leave out Overarching themes or Overarching themes or

subjectssubjects

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Organizing ProcessOrganizing Process

Identify main pointsIdentify main points Limit number of points Limit number of points

(2-4)(2-4)

Order main pointsOrder main points

Practice identifying main points in Interactive Activity 9.1: Choosing Main Points at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

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Organizational Organizational PatternsPatterns

ChronologicalChronological SpatialSpatial Problem-and-solutionProblem-and-solution CausalCausal TopicalTopical

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Preparing Main PointsPreparing Main Points

Separate main pointsSeparate main points Word main points Word main points

consistentlyconsistently Balance main pointsBalance main points

Reword main points parallel inWeb Link 9.1: Parallel Form at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

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ConnectivesConnectives

Words & phrases used Words & phrases used to link ideas in a speechto link ideas in a speech

From the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/eihd/2bluewb.htm

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Transitions Transitions

Phrases that indicate Phrases that indicate one point is finished & one point is finished & speaker is moving onspeaker is moving on

List of connectives at Web Link 9.2: Transition Words and Phrases at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

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Internal Preview Internal Preview

Statement in body of Statement in body of speech that details speech that details what discussed nextwhat discussed next

1010

Internal Summary Internal Summary

Opposite of internal Opposite of internal previewpreview

Statement in body of Statement in body of speech that speech that summarizes a point summarizes a point already discussedalready discussed

1111

Signpost Signpost

Simple word Simple word or statementor statement

Lets audience Lets audience know where know where you are in you are in speechspeech

Indicates Indicates important important ideaidea

Visual Advantage Signs by Design http://avisualadvantage.com/images/portfolio/Street%20Signs.jpg

1212

Citing Sources Citing Sources

Adds Adds credibility to credibility to ideasideas

Enhances Enhances speaker speaker credibilitycredibility

Is ethicalIs ethical

1313

Rules for Citing Rules for Citing SourcesSources

Give credit to othersGive credit to others Give specific Give specific

information about information about sourcesource

Deliver all information Deliver all information accuratelyaccurately