SOCIAL SYSTEM and Organizational Culture_v3
description
Transcript of SOCIAL SYSTEM and Organizational Culture_v3
SOCIAL SYSTEM IN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Prepared by:Dr. Mohd. Shahadt Hossain MahmudDirector (Joint Secretary)Bangladesh Institute of Management (BIM)Email: [email protected]
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Key Concepts of Discussion
Society, System, Social system Organization, Culture, Orgnl culture Organization culture profile Types of Organizational culture Elements of Organizational Culture Creating organizational culture Organizational values Organizational structures & analysis
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Society, System, Social system
Society is a grouping of individuals which are united by a network of social relations, traditions and may have distinctive culture and institutions.
System is a set of interacting or interdependent components forming an integrated whole.
Social system is the patterned series of interrelationships existing between individuals, groups, and institutions and forming a coherent whole.
SOCIETY: A BONDAGE
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIETY
came from Latin word societas means comrade/ friend/ally
used to describe interaction between parties that are friendly or at least civil
refer to the entirety of humanity (those who are unfriendly or uncivil are deemed as antisocial)
feelings of belongingness (rights/ownership/possession)
sharing of peace and sorrow (cooperation/sympathy)
norms, values, cohesion (ethics, morals, unity )
SYSTEM
CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMmeans "something to look at“refer to a set of rulesgoverns structure and/or behaviorcomplex contextcommon characteristics in structure, behavior, interconnectivity.
SOCIAL SYSTEM
CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL SYSTEM complex set of human relationships group is a subsystem within larger
groups system includes people and their inter-
relationships inter-relationships between individuals,
groups, institutions theory formulated by Talcott Parsons Talcott Parsons was an American
sociologist
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Organization, Culture, Orgl. culture
Organization is an entity, such as an institution or an association, that has a collective goal and is linked to an external environment.
Culture is defined as the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts
Organizational culture is the behavior of humans within an organization and the meaning that people attach to those behaviors.
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ORGANIZATION
derived from organon means "organ“ entity, such as an institution or an association has collective goal & linked to external
environment ingredients are people, process, culture, structure classified as formal and informal variety of types, viz. corporations, govt, NGOs,
international organizations, armed forces, charities, not-for-profit corporations, cooperatives, universities, political organizations.
CULTURE
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CULTURE
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CULTURE
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CULTURE
derived from "colere" means “cultivation & nurture”
defined as the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people
defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts
includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society."
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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
behavior of humans within an organization represents the collective values, beliefs
and principles of organizational members includes the organization's vision, values,
norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits
is a set of shared assumptions that guide what happens in organizations by defining appropriate behavior for various situations
ORGANIZATION CULTURE PROFILE
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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE PROFILE
Organizational culture is values and norms shared by people and groups in an organization & it controls the ways to interact with each other & stakeholders outside the organization. Organizational culture profile includes:
Innovation / Risk Taking Detail Oriented/ Attention to Detail Team Orientation People Orientation/Individual Autonomy Stable/ Stability Outcome Orientation Aggressive/ Aggressiveness
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Types of Organizational culture
Gerard Hendrik Hofstede 5 dimensions O’Reilly al & Denison 4 dimensions Deal and Kennedy 4 Types Edgar Schein 3 levels Gerry Johnson 7 elements Schein 5 factors Stanley G. Harris 5 categories Charles Handy 4 types Kim Cameron and Robert Quinn 4 types Robert A. Cooke 2 types
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Types of Organizational culture contd..
6 types apart from the 10 schools Bullying culture Culture of fear Personal culture Corporate culture National culture Tribal culture
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CREATING STRONG ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE (contd.) Rituals Openness, Communication, and
Supervision Market and Customer Orientation Excitement, Pride, and esprit de corps Commitment
Process of Organizational Culture
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Building Blocks of Organizational Culture
Characteristics of people within the organization
Organizational ethics
Employment relationship
Organizational structure
National culture
What are Organizational Values? Guiding principles
behaviors, events, situations, and outcomes are desirable or undesirable
Types Terminal
Instrumental
Terminal Values vs. Instrumental Values
Terminal Values signify the objectives of the life of a person – the ultimate things the person wants to achieve through his or her behaviour (the destination he wants to reach in life)
whereas Instrumental Values indicate the methods an individual would like to adopt for achieving his life’s aim (the path he would like to take to reach his destination).
Terminal and Instrumental Values
Terminal Quality Responsibility Innovativeness Excellence Economy Morality Profitability
Instrumental Working hard Respecting traditions Respecting authority
Being conservative
Being frugal
Being creative
Being honest
Terminal and Instrumental Values
Organizational Values
Terminal Values
InstrumentalValues
Specific norms, rules, and SOPs
Ways of Transmitting Organizational Culture
Employees learn
through:
Formal socialization practices
Signs, symbols, stories
Ceremonial Ritesand
Ceremonies
The organizational
language
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Organizational structures
It defines how activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. 4 types according to management science:
Committees or juries Ecologies Matrix organizations Pyramids or hierarchies
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Organizational analysis
Referred as organizational structure/studies/behaviour. Influential theories are:
Activity theory Actor–network theory Complexity theory and organizations Contingency theory Critical management studies Economic sociology Enterprise architecture Garbage Can Model Principal–agent problem Scientific management Social entrepreneurship Transaction cost theory Weber's Ideal of Bureaucracy