SOC 204 Goldberg Chapter 13 Hallucinogens
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Transcript of SOC 204 Goldberg Chapter 13 Hallucinogens
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GOLDBERG CHAPTER 13 HALLUCINOGENS
SOC 204 Drugs & Society
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Hallucinogens
Naming this class of drugs is complex
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Terms Hallucinogens
Drugs that induce perceived distortions in time and space
Phantasticants Term used to describe drugs that create a fantasy world
Psychedelic (“mind-manifesting”) A term that controversially implies a beneficial, visionary type of
effect
Psychotomimetic Refers to drugs that produce psychotic-like symptoms
Psychotogenic Refers to drugs that generate psychosis
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Classical Phantastica
Alter perceptions while allowing the user to remain in communication with the present world
Indole hallucinogens
Serotonin
LSD, psilocybin
Catechol hallucinogens
Norepinephrine & dopamine
Mescaline, MDMA, belladonna, amanita muscaria
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Deliriants
Produce more mental confusion, greater clouding of consciousness, and a loss of touch with reality
Anticholinergic hallucinogens
Acetylcholine
PCP, ketamine
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Hallucinogens
About 6,000 different types of plants are capable of altering consciousness
About 150 plants are used for hallucinogenic purposes
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are synthetic hallucinogens
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LSD Discovery
Synthesized from alkaloids extracted from the ergot fungus
Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann developed LSD as a possible headache remedy in 1938
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Albert Hofmann, who was responsible for developing LSD, died from an LSD overdose soon after developing the drug.
A. True.
B. False. He died at 57, jumping off a roof during a flashback.
C. False. He lived to be 102 and died of natural causes.
True.
False
. He d
ied at
57, j
um...
False
. He li
ved to
be 1
02...
12%
50%
38%
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Early Use of LSD
Theories of Benefit
Psychotherapy
Enhanced understanding
Military Experiments
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At one time, hallucinogenic drugs were associated with witchcraft and sorcery.
A. True
B. False
True
False
11%
89%
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Timothy Leary
Experiments on Harvard graduate students
Religion: League of Spiritual Discovery
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At twice its normal dosage, LSD can be fatal.
A. True
B. False
True
False
85%
15%
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Pharmacology
Mouse Party Different hallucinogens are classified by which
neurotransmitter they impact
Tolerance develops rapidly
Metabolized by liver, half-life is approximately 3 hours
No physical dependence or withdrawal symptoms
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LSD
A. Is the most potent psychoactive chemical known to man
B. Causes a distressing withdrawal syndrome
C. Does not create tolerance
Is th
e most
pote
nt psy
ch...
Causes a
dist
ress
ing w
it...
Does not c
reat
e tole
rance
93%
4%4%
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Trips
Perceptions Altered
Visual Images
Time Altered
Synesthesia
Emotionality
6-9 hours
Unique and variable experiences
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The phenomenon of hearing colors or seeing sounds is called:
A. Flashback
B. Trip
C. Synesthesia
D. Overdose
Flash
backTrip
Synest
hesia
Overd
ose
0% 0%
85%
15%
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Use of LSD makes one more creative.
A. True
B. False
True
False
23%
77%
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Adverse Reactions
Bad Trips
Panic Reactions
Flashbacks
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LSD has been shown to be as addictive as heroin.
A. True
B. False
True
False
96%
4%
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Expert Group Activity
Study the hallucinogen
What is it?
How is it used?
How is it regulated?
What are the effects?
Are there negative effects or warnings?
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Psilocybin “Magic Mushrooms”
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Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
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PeyoteMescaline
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MDMA - Ecstasy
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PCP (Phencyclidine)
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BelladonnaMandrakeHenbaneDatura
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Amanita Muscaria
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Salvia Divinorum
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Morning GloryHawaiian Baby Woodrose