“Smart Home Appliances Control System Based on Power Line

Communication Technologies”

SEMINAR CLASS

Power Line Communications

Power Line Communications

Digital communications using power linesIs not a new idea since several power

utility companies have used it for a couple of decades

Applications include broadband internet access, indoor wired LAN for residential and business premises, in-vehicle data communications, smart grid applications and other municipal applications, such as traffic lights and lighting control, security, etc.

Challenges•The power line channel is a very harsh and

noisy transmission medium and extremely difficult to model.

•The power line channel poses unique challenges to the modem designer, such as the choice of appropriate modulation, coding and detection schemes.

•Regulatory issues naturally arise due to the unshielded nature of power line cables, which are both the source and target of EMI.

•Other issues include the presence of a transformer, feeder segmentation and obviously, safety.

HistoryIn mid-2001, an industrial standards

organization called the HomePlug Powerline Alliance, originally founded by 13 companies including Cisco, Motorola, Intel, Panasonic and Texas Instruments, announced the completion of the HomePlug 1.0 specification.

In January 2003 at the Consumer Electronics Show, HomePlug was recognized as one of the three attractive in-home networking solutions, together with Ethernet and Wi-Fi.

UpdateIn the past few years, many industry

associations have also been formed, e.g.HomePlug AllianceUniversal Powerline Association(UPA)Consumer Electronics Powerline

Communications Alliance(CEPCA)United Powerline Council(UPLC)

Device Interconnection

Bluetooth - is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. Created by telecoms vendor Ericsson in 1994.

Classifications of domestic network technologies

Device Interconnection

IEEE 1394 interface (FireWire) - developed in late 1980s and early 1990s by Apple as FireWire, is the High-Definition Audio-Video Network Alliance (HANA) standard connection interface for A/V (audio/visual) component communication and control.

Device InterconnectionIrDA (Infrared Data Association) - is an industry driven interest group that was founded in 1993 by around 50 companies. IrDA provides specifications for a complete set of protocols for wireless infrared communications and the name “IrDA” also refers to that set of protocols.

Device InterconnectionUSB (Universal Serial Bus) - is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication and power supply between computers and electronic devices

Device Interconnection

ZigBee - is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios based on an IEEE 802 standard.

Control and Automation Nets

CEBus(Consumer Electronics) - was developed on the foundation of an IR (infrared) protocol developed by GE (General Electric). This work was transferred to the EIA at the beginning of the EIA‘s involvement, under the plan that it would be expanded then maintained by the EIA. Used mostly in Australia.

Control and Automation Nets

LonWorks (Local Operation Network) - is a networking platform specifically created to address the needs of control applications. The platform is built on a protocol created by Echelon Corporation for networking devices.It is used for the automation of various functions within buildings such as lighting and HVAC.

Control and Automation Nets

X10 – was developed in 1975 by Pico Electronics of Glenrothes, Scotland, in order to allow remote control of home devices and appliances. It was the first general purpose domotic network technology and remains the most widely available.

Data nets

Ethernet – was developed at Xerox PARC between 1973 and 1974. It was inspired by ALOHAnet, which Robert Metcalfe had studied as part of his PhD dissertation.

Data netsHomePlug – The first HomePlug specification, HomePlug 1.0, was released in June 2001. All of the HomePlug specifications were developed by the HomePlug Powerline Alliance, which also owns the HomePlug trademark.

Data nets

HomePNA Alliance (formerly the Home Phoneline Networking Alliance, also known as HPNA) is an incorporated non-profit industry association of companies that develops and standardizes technology for home networking over the existing coaxial cables and telephone wiring within homes.HomePNA promoter companies are AT&T, Pace plc (formerly 2Wire), Sigma Designs (formerly CopperGate) Motorola, Cisco Systems (formerly Scientific-Atlanta), Sunrise Telecom and K-Micro

Data nets

WiFi is the trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance and a popular technology that allows an electronic device to exchange data wirelessly (using radio waves) over a computer network, including high-speed Internet connections. The Wi-Fi Alliance defines Wi-Fi as any “wireless local area network (WLAN) products that are based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers‘ (IEEE) 802.11 standards.

Data netsThe term Wi-Fi, first used commercially in August 1999,[15] was coined by a brand-consulting firm called Interbrand Corporation that the Alliance had hired.In 1992 and 1996, Australian organisation the CSIRO obtained patents for a method later used in Wi-Fi to "unsmear" the signal.[7] In April 2009, 14 tech companies agreed to pay CSIRO $250 million for infringements on the CSIRO patents.[8] This led to WiFi being attributed as an Australian invention, [9] though this has been the subject of some controversy. The CSIRO won a further $220 million settlement for Wi-Fi patent infringements in 2012 with global firms in the United States required to pay the CSIRO licensing rights estimated to be worth an additional $1 billion in royalties.

References•http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?

tp=&arnumber=1650327&contentType=Journals+%26+Magazines&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A34608%29

•http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1200105

•https://www.homeplug.org/about/roster/

•http://www.docstoc.com/docs/43214831/Consumer-Electronics-Powerline-Communication-Alliance

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_automation

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_1394_interface

References•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_Data_Association

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZigBee

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEBus

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LonWorks

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X10_(industry_standard)

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HomePlug

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HomePNA

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiFi

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING