Simón Gaviria Muñoz - Smart Cities

National Planning Departmentwww.dnp.gov.co

June 2016dnp.gov.co

Simón Gaviria MuñozGeneral Director DNP

@simongaviriaSimonGaviriaM

SMART

CITIES

June 2016dnp.gov.co



AGENDASMART

CITIES

1. Current situation of cities in Colombia

2. Smart cities indicators3. Proposed strategies

Smart CitiesJune 2016

RELEVANCE OF CITIES

Source: Cities System Mission estimates

1951 2010 2035 2050 -

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

11.2

45.4

57.5 61.1

3.1

27.6 37.0 40.2

URBAN POPULATION IN THE SYSTEM OF CITIES1951 -2050

Milli

ons

2050Urban population will increase in 18 million.

In 2050 we will have 69 cities with a population higher than 100,000

27,4% 60,7% 64% 65,8%

Total populationUrban Population in the System of Cities

201061% of Colombian population live in urban centers of the System of Cities

Close to 76% of National GDP is generated in those centers41 cities larger population larger than 100,000


RELEVANCE OF CITIESSystem of Cities

Shorter than 100,000

TOTAL

151MUNICIPALITIES

CAPITAL CITIES

8MUNICIPALITIES

SUBREGIONALFUNCTION

14MUNICIPALITIES

Larger than 100,000

UNI-NODAL CITIES

16MUNICIPALITIES

18 METROPOLITAN

AREAS

113MUNICIPALITIES


URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNINGUrban and Regional planning must articulate rural areas and be approached from a regional perspective

Source: National Study of Water 2014SDP (2014)

Availability of natural hydrological sources

52,5% of the Cities System urban population is located in areas of low availability of natural hydrological sources.

33% of Colombian population is at risk to be affected by landslides and 48% by flooding.

Conflicts between protected areas and urban growth (urban sprawl and conurbation)


URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNINGCurrent land development plans (POT) lack of a continuous view of the territory,

needed to take into account the urban and rural dynamics

Technical, methodological and information shortfalls in the POT formulation

• 60% define inadequately the urban perimeter (in smaller towns)

• 50% determine expansion areas without adequate information and criteria.

• 61% determine mistakenly the protected areas.

• The maps of 21% of POT are not geo-referenced.

• 60% do not take into account the agricultural, livestock and forestry uses.

1 Outdated POT

• 916 municipalities (83% from total) lost the long term validity at the end 2015

• No municipalities include regional determinants in the POT

• The territorial planning ends at the political – administrative limit

2 Lack of positioning POT as a development tool

• Low application of land value capture instruments

• The resources of betterment levies are between 0,02% and 0,13% of income

• Only 12% on municipalities use land capture value instruments

• Only 3% include strategies and programs in order to develop the rural component

3


URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNINGCurrent state of Cadaster

Source: IGAC, estimate DNP 2015

RURALURBAN

14MUNICIPALITIES

WITHOUT CADASTER FORMATION

728OUTDATED

MUNICIPALITIES

370UPDATED

MUNICIPALITIES

80MUNICIPALITIES

WITHOUT CADASTER FORMATION

664OUTDATED

MUNICIPALITIES

378UPDATED

MUNICIPALITIES


URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNINGCadaster Structural Problematic

Incomplete• The cadaster does not cover the entire territory neither the required variables for the users

• 28,5% of the national area does not have cadastral formation (without information)

• 63,9% of municipalities has outdated cadaster

1 Imprecise• Lack of process and

methodologies under international standards

• Lack of cartographic inputs with cadaster purposes

• The majority of cadaster appraisals do not reflect a reasonable value of land

• Indefinite areas and boundaries

2 Sectorial disjoint

• Inadequate interrelation between cadaster and register (46% rural plots and 68% urban plots interrelated - IGAC)

• There is no articulation between the cadaster and other sectoral databases

• No Open Data

3


CONNECTIVITYCities must connect better between and inside them

Colombian cities were developed in isolated territories, with little relationship and complementaritybetween them

Urban mobility in the main cities is reducing the quality of life and competitiveness

A trip across the cities can take more than an hour and a half (Bogotá 119 min, Medellín 91 min, Barranquilla 82 min, Cartagena 45 min.)

2011



2020






2035





LIFE QUALITY

Fuente: Misión Sistema de Ciudades

The cities present changes in the population structure an differential opportunities for development

EMBRYONIC• Care for early childhood• Strengthening sexual and

reproductive education• Reduce rate of infant mortality• Extending coverage of public

services and health• Housing deficit

STARTDEMOGRAPHIC BONUS

RiohachaPre-bonus after 2023

QuibdóPre-bonus after 2027

Different levels of ageing population

Dependent population is more vulnerable


LIFE QUALITYThe cities present changes in the population structure an

differential opportunities for development

ADOLESCENT

• Care of early childhood• Reduce adolescent pregnancy• Extend coverage of high school

and promote quality

ENDDEMOGRAPHIC BONUS

Santa MartaAfter 2035MonteríaAfter 2035

ValleduparAfter 2035SincelejoAfter 2035FlorenciaAfter 2035







YOUNG AND BIG

• Reduce the NEET population• Expand projects of new and

improve housing• Define productive and

employment routes


Barranquilla2020

Cartagena2020

Cúcuta2020

VillavicencioAfter 2035







ADULT

• Promote savings• Capital human qualification• Formalization of employment


Ibagué2018Neiva2020

Popayán2020Pasto2020







MATURE

• Care for senior citizen• Extend coverage of secondary

and higher education• Strengthening the planning

process in metropolitan areas


Cali2016

Armenia2013







SENIOR

• Care for senior citizen• Attraction of young population in

order to extend the bonus• Effective access to health

services


Bogotá: 2015Tunja: 2022

Bucaramanga: 2018 Medellín: 2013Pereira: 2015

Manizales: 2013




June 2016dnp.gov.co



AGENDASMART

CITIES

2

Smart Cities Indicators


CITY PROSPERITY INDEX – ONU HABITATResults of CPI for 23 Colombian cities

Source: ONU HABITAT (2015)

• Big cities: The stragglers are Cali and Barranquilla.• Medium-sized cities: Highlight on Manizales, Pereira, Pasto and Ibagué. Still lag far behind cities of similar size as Cúcuta, Santa Marta or

Montería,• Small cities: Positive result on cities like Tunja and Armenia, but greater challenges for Riohacha and Quibdó.

Productivity

Life quality

InfrastructureEnvironmental sustainability

Equity and social inclusion

0.0

0.5

1.0

Bogotá New York São Paulo

June 2016dnp.gov.co



AGENDASMART

CITIES

3

Proposed strategies


PROPOSED STRATEGIES OF SMART CITIES

1.Public Policy of Smart Cities

2.Strengthening Project for territorial entities

3.Observatory of System of Cities

4. New Land Development Plans (POD / POT Modernos)

5.Multipurpose Cadaster

6.Big Data


1. PUBLIC POLICY OF SMART CITIES

• High cost associated to environmental degradation

• High rates of non-sustainable motorization

• Weakness of Land developing plans• Conflicts between protected areas

and urban growth• Delay in reorganization of

traditional public transportation • Low broadband penetration• Low productivity sectors

• Long term vision and participatory construction

• Reduce greenhouse gases• Urban sustainable mobility• More and better public space• Supra-municipal vision and

differential approach• Integrate urban and rural territories• Digital Connectivity• Improve productivity and

competitiveness• Improve municipal revenues• Safer and fairer cities

From the current situation to a Smart city


1. PUBLIC POLICY OF SMART CITIESGovernment Articulation Initiatives

• Logistic Mission• Policy on Science, Technology

and Innovation

GREEN GROWTH MISSION

• Sustainable Mobility and Urban Transport

• Master Plan of Intermodal Transport PMTI (2015-2035).

• Sustainable Urbanism• Urban Drains• Multipurpose Cadaster

• Budget by results

• Subsidies Statute Nuevo Sisben

• Citizen Security

• Scientific, technological and innovation Parks

• Regional Plans ICT• Smart City Policy• Big Data Initiative

AGENDAS

Smart City

MOBILITY AND

TRANSPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

GOBERNANCE AND FINANCIATION

URBAN AND TERRITORIAL

PLANNING

PRODUCTIVITYAND

COMPETITIVENESS

LIFE QUALITY

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY-

TIC

STRUCTURANT AXES

TRANSVERSAL AXIS


2. PLATFORM OF TERRITORIAL MANAGEMENTSolution in the cloud

Municipalidades

GobiernoCentral, Entes de Control

Ciudadano

Modelo de Gestión Territorial

Rendición de Cuentas y

Consolidación

Software used as service in the cloud with no PC storage required

Reduce time in report writing to national institutions (unified platform for report)

Reduce cost associated to software licensing, infrastructure and dedicated staff

Allowed access from any device

Facilitate the citizen participation through the use of tools of Open Government

Flexible informatic tool adjusted to the requirements of every territorial entity

Citizens Government

Control entities

Municipalities

Territorial model

Accountability processes


3. OBSERVATORY SYSTEM OF CITIES

TENDENCIES

COMPARATIONS LAYERS 3D

OBJECTIVES

• Generate, compile, process, analize y spread information (National, territorial, sectorial etc.)

• Support the monitoring and evaluation of the urban development situation of cities

• Comparative analysis of national and international level with supra-municipal approach

PROFITS

• Knowledge transfer

• Decision-making in planning and urban management with territorial approach

• Prioritization of investments

• Promote regional development


3. OBSERVATORY SYSTEM OF CITIES

Source: Observatory of the System of Cities. DNP

22

7

193

Themes

Sub-themes

IndicatorsMonitoring

Evaluation

Research areas

• Structure and efficiency of markets

• Economies of scale• Economies of aglomeration

• Sophistication and innovation

Productivity

• Ecologic structure• Climate change• Risk management

Environment

• Population structure and dynamics

• The cost of living• Life conditions

Life quality

• Physical connectivity• Digital connectivity

Connectivity

• Territorial planning• Territorial management• Rural-Urban relationship

Land managememt

• Transport infrastructure• Urban Facilities• Domestic public utilities

Infrastructure

• Public finance• Institutional coordination• Gobernability

Institutional

Index of Smart CitiesObservatory System of

CitiesImplemented

2016 2017


4. POT / POD MODERNOSProposal: Technical assistance and accompaniment for municipalities and departments in the update and formulation of their

New Land Development Plans in order to face challenges of the national territorial planning, through three components:

Enlistment• Institutional arrangement of the national and regional entities to obtain inputs.

• Strengthen the local institutional capacities

• Support on technical studies required.

1 Formulation• Engage the municipalities

with the POT update, reflected in the Development Plan

• Supra-municipal vision and differential approach

• Integrate the urban and rural territories

• Delimitation of risk areas

2 Implementation• Strengthen the local institutional capacities in order to generate resources trough the POT

• Incorporation and application of planning, management and financing instruments for urban and rural lands

3


4. POT / POD MODERNOSA POD/POT Moderno must have

VISION

•Long-term vision with differential approach•Articulation of regional, metropolitan and national levels

INFORMATION

Geographic Information Systems for the decision-making over the territory

COMPETITIVENESS•Efficient mix of land uses and optimization•Clarity in housing policy•Promote economic development through the territorial model

INSTITUTIONALITY•Qualitative and participative management of the territorial visions.•Strengthen the municipality institutions

• Supra-municipal vision with differential approach

• Integrate the urban and rural territory

• Improve productivity and competitiveness

A POD/POT must reach

LIFE QUALITY


4. POT / POD MODERNOSA POD/POT Moderno must have

MOBILITY

•Road infrastructure and mobility according to growth

•Sustainable public transport system

ENVIRONMENT

•Delimitation of risk areas•Adopting mitigation measures•Rural dimension with productivity approach

INFRASTRUCTURE

•Collective facilities according to the kind of city•Public Services adjusted to the city model•Sustainable urbanism and construction•Identification and intervention on slums

INSTRUMENTS

Incorporation and application of planning, management and financing instruments for urban and rural land.

• Reduce travel times

• Reduce Greenhouse Emissions

• Improve municipal income

Un POD/POT must reach

LIFE QUALITY


5. MULTIPURPOSE CADASTERSo where does the Cadaster transformation take us?

TO A COMPLETE CADASTER

• Covering the entire territory

• Incorporating all kind of forms of land tenure

• Inventory of wastelands

• With physical updated variables of the plots

• Complying the methodological international standards

• Locating precisely the georeferenced plots

• Individualizing the plots with detail

• Reflecting a cadaster value close to the reality

• With information of areas and boundaries coinciding with cadaster and register

• Articulated with other sectors through spatial data infrastructure

• Warrantying the information access by all users (big data)

TO A PRECISE CADASTER

TO A CADASTERARTICULATED WITH SECTORS


6. BIG DATACAOBA First PPP in Big Data: CAOBA and Challenges of Public Policy

WATER

Analysis for optimize the collect and

generate saving schemes

MOBILITY

Analysis of the movement patterns of population

EDUCATION

Evaluation of profitability of

education investment by chain

analysis

SOLID WASTE

Analysis of volumen and sort of wastes

in area and its utilization

SISBEN

Analysis for better use of existent

data and optimize the public resources

National Planning Departmentwww.dnp.gov.co

Simón Gaviria Muñoz - Smart Cities

Business

Transcript of Simón Gaviria Muñoz - Smart Cities