INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RURAL WATER SERVICESINTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RURAL WATER SERVICESSPEKE RESORT HOTEL MUNYONGOSPEKE RESORT HOTEL MUNYONGO

KAMPALA UGANDA KAMPALA UGANDA

1313THTH -15 -15THTH APRIL, 2010 APRIL, 2010

ADDRESSING SUSTAINABILITYADDRESSING SUSTAINABILITY

OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY WITHIN THE MOVE OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY WITHIN THE MOVE TOWARDS A SWAPTOWARDS A SWAP

THE GHANA EXPERIENCETHE GHANA EXPERIENCE

Minta A. AboagyeMinta A. AboagyeDirector (Water)Director (Water)

Ministry of Water Resources, Works and HousingMinistry of Water Resources, Works and Housing

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Key Development IssuesKey Development Issues::

About About 40%40% of population ( of population (23 million23 million, 2008) have no , 2008) have no access to safe water access to safe water

66% have no access to adequate sanitation66% have no access to adequate sanitation

MDG target: 76% by 2015MDG target: 76% by 2015

GPRS II target: 85% by 2015GPRS II target: 85% by 2015

Both require substantial investments to achieveBoth require substantial investments to achieve

Sector Reforms and ProgressSector Reforms and Progress Prior to 1994 W&S (gray water) services sole responsibility Prior to 1994 W&S (gray water) services sole responsibility

of one agency, Ghana Water and Sewerage Corporation of one agency, Ghana Water and Sewerage Corporation (GWSC)(GWSC)

Service to rural communities suffered as GWSC gave more Service to rural communities suffered as GWSC gave more attention to urban than to ruralattention to urban than to rural

Government Introduced the National Community Water and Government Introduced the National Community Water and

Sanitation Programme (NCWSP) 1994 to correct imbalanceSanitation Programme (NCWSP) 1994 to correct imbalance

Decoupled Rural Water Supply from Urban Water supply Decoupled Rural Water Supply from Urban Water supply (1994)(1994)

Established Community Water and Sanitation Agency Established Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) in 1998 for rural water and water related sanitation(CWSA) in 1998 for rural water and water related sanitation

GWSC converted to limited liability co. Ghana Water Co Ltd GWSC converted to limited liability co. Ghana Water Co Ltd

Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)

Also established Water Resources Commission (WRC) for Also established Water Resources Commission (WRC) for water resources management (Act 522, 1996)water resources management (Act 522, 1996)

Separation of rural fro urban water supply engendered Separation of rural fro urban water supply engendered increase donor support to the rural water sector increase donor support to the rural water sector

Resulted in multiplicity of projects with varied project Resulted in multiplicity of projects with varied project implementation strategies including monitoring and implementation strategies including monitoring and evaluationevaluation

CWSA had to attend to all DP projects and missions with CWSA had to attend to all DP projects and missions with attendant increase in transaction cost!attendant increase in transaction cost!

Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)

Water Directorate established in the Ministry in 2004 as focal point Water Directorate established in the Ministry in 2004 as focal point for sector coordination, harmonization, sector-wide monitoring and for sector coordination, harmonization, sector-wide monitoring and evaluation of GPRS outcomes and MDG targets, as well as evaluation of GPRS outcomes and MDG targets, as well as coordination of foreign assistancecoordination of foreign assistance

Water and Sanitation Sector Group (WSSG) established to Water and Sanitation Sector Group (WSSG) established to provide platform for coordinating and harmonizing DP programmes. provide platform for coordinating and harmonizing DP programmes. (later on membership widened to include other sector players (later on membership widened to include other sector players including NGOs and philanthropic organisations)including NGOs and philanthropic organisations)

Notable achievement was formulation of the National Water Policy Notable achievement was formulation of the National Water Policy (NWP) led by WD and received Cabinet approval policy in 2007 (NWP) led by WD and received Cabinet approval policy in 2007 providing sector with clear policy direction in water resources providing sector with clear policy direction in water resources management and water supply (rural and urban)management and water supply (rural and urban)

Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)Sector Reforms and Progress (cnt’d)

Catalysed development of Strategic Investment Plans Catalysed development of Strategic Investment Plans (SIPs) for both rural and urban. Provide a sector-wide (SIPs) for both rural and urban. Provide a sector-wide investment view for better targeting of resources.investment view for better targeting of resources.

Effective collaboration with NGOs through CONIWAS, Effective collaboration with NGOs through CONIWAS, umbrella body for NGOs in Water and Sanitation.umbrella body for NGOs in Water and Sanitation.

Provided a platform for testing DP collaboration on funds Provided a platform for testing DP collaboration on funds disbursement (DANIDA, DFID, Netherlands) for water and disbursement (DANIDA, DFID, Netherlands) for water and sanitation projects.sanitation projects.

Challenges PersistChallenges Persist

Though significant growth and development has been Though significant growth and development has been achieved, sector still hampered by lack of clear over-achieved, sector still hampered by lack of clear over-arching vision of strategy and coordination framework arching vision of strategy and coordination framework covering the different parts of the sectorcovering the different parts of the sector

Added to this is difficulty in harmonising and alignment of Added to this is difficulty in harmonising and alignment of donor support to government programmes and proceduresdonor support to government programmes and procedures

Led to poor prioritisation and planning of investments; Led to poor prioritisation and planning of investments; increased transaction costs; limited ability of sector to increased transaction costs; limited ability of sector to absorb increased funding and thereby militating against absorb increased funding and thereby militating against achieving desired outcomes. achieving desired outcomes.

Overcoming the challenge Overcoming the challenge

Though sector had made prior attempt at SWAp, not much Though sector had made prior attempt at SWAp, not much was achievedwas achieved

Call for a national sector strategy to be developed backed by Call for a national sector strategy to be developed backed by SWAp SWAp

Intention is to adopt more holistic, coordinated, harmonised, Intention is to adopt more holistic, coordinated, harmonised, and results-oriented approach to improve programme and results-oriented approach to improve programme implementation delivery and maximise use of fundsimplementation delivery and maximise use of funds

Reduce costs associated with implementing sector Reduce costs associated with implementing sector programmes by developing Sector Strategic Development programmes by developing Sector Strategic Development Plan covering all three sub-sectors, i.e. Plan covering all three sub-sectors, i.e.

Water Resources ManagementWater Resources Management

Urban Water SupplyUrban Water Supply

Rural Water Supply and related sanitation Rural Water Supply and related sanitation

The SWAp RoadmapThe SWAp Roadmap

The SWAp Roadmap essentially serves as a work plan for a The SWAp Roadmap essentially serves as a work plan for a

SWAp by 2011SWAp by 2011

To successfully achieve this milestone , the ff were agreed:To successfully achieve this milestone , the ff were agreed: Prepare and sign Code of Conduct between GoG and DPsPrepare and sign Code of Conduct between GoG and DPs Prepare and sign Memorandum of Understanding with Prepare and sign Memorandum of Understanding with

sector DPssector DPs

Areas to obtain consensusAreas to obtain consensus

Sector AssessmentsSector Assessments

Funding MechanismsFunding Mechanisms

Common sector M&E SystemCommon sector M&E System

Sector Operational Guidelines, andSector Operational Guidelines, and

Development of Comprehensive Sector Strategic Dev. PlanDevelopment of Comprehensive Sector Strategic Dev. Plan

Sector AssessmentSector Assessment

What does it entail?What does it entail?

Identification of existing assessmentsIdentification of existing assessments

Develop relevant TORs assessments (including Risks, Capacity, Develop relevant TORs assessments (including Risks, Capacity, Gender, Environmental, Civil Society, Private Sector Participation, Gender, Environmental, Civil Society, Private Sector Participation, Sector Coordination, etc)Sector Coordination, etc)

Engage Consultants for all AssessmentsEngage Consultants for all Assessments Consolidate all ReportsConsolidate all Reports Workshop on Assessments to seek stakeholders agreement on Workshop on Assessments to seek stakeholders agreement on

strategies and way forwardstrategies and way forward Monitor implementation of agreed strategiesMonitor implementation of agreed strategies

Funding MechanismsFunding Mechanisms

Activities Activities

Review existing sector funding mechanismsReview existing sector funding mechanisms

Develop sector funding mechanisms including funds flow Develop sector funding mechanisms including funds flow utilisation and reportingutilisation and reporting

Seek agreement of GoG and DPs on sector funding Seek agreement of GoG and DPs on sector funding

mechanismsmechanisms

Common M & E SystemsCommon M & E Systems Agreement on sector definitions, indicators, and Agreement on sector definitions, indicators, and

terminologiesterminologies

Develop sector Monitoring and Evaluation PlanDevelop sector Monitoring and Evaluation Plan

Complete DiMES design, testing and installationComplete DiMES design, testing and installation

Expand Dimes to capture Urban sub-sectorExpand Dimes to capture Urban sub-sector

Complete DiMES roll-out to all districts and train OfficersComplete DiMES roll-out to all districts and train Officers

Link DiMES to NDPC (Nat. Dev. Planning Comm.) SystemLink DiMES to NDPC (Nat. Dev. Planning Comm.) System

Develop and institute Joint M & E FrameworkDevelop and institute Joint M & E Framework

Sector Operational GuidelinesSector Operational Guidelines

Review and develop harmonised sector operational Review and develop harmonised sector operational

Guidelines. Entails review of all NCWSP manuals:Guidelines. Entails review of all NCWSP manuals:

Project Implementation Manual (PIM)Project Implementation Manual (PIM) District Level Implementation Manual (DIM)District Level Implementation Manual (DIM) Community Level Operational Manual (COM)Community Level Operational Manual (COM) Gender Mainstreaming ManualGender Mainstreaming Manual Environmental Mainstreaming GuidelinesEnvironmental Mainstreaming Guidelines Private Sector Participation GuidelinesPrivate Sector Participation Guidelines Water Quality Monitoring FrameworkWater Quality Monitoring Framework Post Construction Support Manual, etcPost Construction Support Manual, etc

Action Oriented WorkshopsAction Oriented Workshops

To move the process forward to achieve set To move the process forward to achieve set objectives within the timeframe set, 8 action-objectives within the timeframe set, 8 action-oriented workshops have been lined up.oriented workshops have been lined up.

Two have been conducted the immediate past Two have been conducted the immediate past was devoted to the SWAp process in general was devoted to the SWAp process in general and, in particular, the preparation and study of and, in particular, the preparation and study of the Code of Conduct for comments from DPsthe Code of Conduct for comments from DPs

The next W/S will focus on the Sector Strategic The next W/S will focus on the Sector Strategic Development Plan to be held in May, 2010Development Plan to be held in May, 2010

ChallengesChallenges

Process is fraught with challenges, s.a.:Process is fraught with challenges, s.a.:

Realistic Timeframe?Realistic Timeframe?

Can we count on ALL DPs? (Bi and Multilateral)Can we count on ALL DPs? (Bi and Multilateral)

Can the process seriously influence funding mechanisms Can the process seriously influence funding mechanisms in the light of increasing move towards basket fundingin the light of increasing move towards basket funding

Government Commitment to funding the processGovernment Commitment to funding the process

Way Forward: Keep Hope AliveWay Forward: Keep Hope Alive

Indications are there is a good measure of goodwill from Indications are there is a good measure of goodwill from some DPs including some International NGOs to the some DPs including some International NGOs to the processprocess

Development of the SSDP will provide an important Development of the SSDP will provide an important

framework for funds mobilisation for sector programmesframework for funds mobilisation for sector programmes

Will provide clear direction of sector development in the Will provide clear direction of sector development in the long term long term

Will create positive impact on long-term sustainability of Will create positive impact on long-term sustainability of services in the sectorservices in the sector

More importantlyMore importantly

Here to learn from the experiences of Here to learn from the experiences of countries such as Uganda, Mozambique, countries such as Uganda, Mozambique, Malawi, etc, who have led the way to help Malawi, etc, who have led the way to help us avoid potential PITFALLS!us avoid potential PITFALLS!

AND AND

TO KEEP HOPE ALIVE!TO KEEP HOPE ALIVE!

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONTHANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION