Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Vocabulary

Scientific Revolution Vocabulary

Scientific Revolution--The series of events that led to the birth of modern science

New World—America

Circumnavigate-- Travel all the way around the earth

Scientific Revolution Vocabulary

Galileo--Italian scientist that published a book in which he stated that the Earth orbited the sun

Sir Isaac Newton--Made contributions in both Math and Science- Known for his observations about gravity, the force that attracts objects to each other

Scientific Revolution Vocabulary

Queen Isabella-- Queen of Spain that funded the explorations of Christopher Columbus

Vasco da Gama--Portuguese explorer that sailed around the southern tip of Africa and on to the west coast of India

Scientific Revolution Vocabulary

Christopher Columbus-- Italian sailor. He led voyages to the Americas in 1492 while trying to find a route east to India and China.

Ferdinand Magellan-- Portuguese navigator and explorer. He was the first person to try and circumnavigate the Earth

Enlightenment Vocabulary

Enlightenment—(Age of Reason) The use of reason in shaping people’s ideas about society and politics

John Locke--English philosopher; had a major influence on Enlightenment. Thought government should be a contract between the ruler and the people

Enlightenment Vocabulary

Jean-Jacques Rousseau—philosopher who believed that citizens give the government the power to make and enforce laws. He believed that if a government created laws that did not serve the people the government should give up its power.

English Bill of Rights--1689 Outlawed cruel and unusual punishment. Guaranteed free speech for members of Parliament

Declaration of Independence--1776 Declared that people have natural rights that governments must protect. Argued that people have the right replace their government

Enlightenment Vocabulary

French Revolution– started by anger over the differences between social classes. Started in 1789 with the storming of the Bastille.

Declaration of the Rights of Men and of the Citizen— An attempt made during the French Revolution to write a French constitution that guaranteed French citizens some rights and fairer taxes. Those rights included: freedom of speech, press and religion.

Reign of Terror--Bloody period of the French Revolution during which the government executed

Enlightenment Vocabulary

Napoleon Bonaparte--French General who took control over France after the French Revolution and conquered much of Europe

Congress of Vienna– Occurred in 1814. It was when European leaders met and redrew the map of Europe in hopes of keeping any country from ever becoming powerful enough to threaten Europe again.