Science,orPseudoScience,in Chemical’RiskBased’ Decisions’ · CCS Chemical Compliance Systems,...
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CCS Chemical Compliance Systems, Inc. “Anticipating the Unanticipatable” Science, or PseudoScience, in Chemical RiskBased Decisions George R. Thompson, Ph.D. ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT HAZARD RISK LIFECYCLE SUSTAIN ABILITY Presented by SPFA SprayFoam 2015 Convention January 26-29,2015 in Albuquerque, NM
Transcript of Science,orPseudoScience,in Chemical’RiskBased’ Decisions’ · CCS Chemical Compliance Systems,...
CCS Chemical Compliance Systems, Inc.
“Anticipating the Unanticipatable”
Science, or Pseudo-‐Science, in Chemical Risk-‐Based
Decisions
George R. Thompson, Ph.D.
ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT
HAZARD
RISK
LIFECYCLE
SUSTAIN-‐ABILITY
Presented by
SPFA SprayFoam 2015 Convention January 26-29,2015 in Albuquerque, NM
Science: • LaHn “scienHa” = knowledge • “a system of acquiring knowledge” • “knowledge as disHnguished from ignorance or
misunderstanding” • “knowledge covering general truths… as obtained
and tested through the scienHfic method”
Pseudo: • “being apparent rather than actual” • “false; decepHve; sham”
Pseudo-‐Science: • “false or decepHve knowledge that creates misunderstanding and leads to decepHve conclusions”
• “Strikes educated, raHonal people as too nonsensical and preposterous to be dangerous… unfortunately can be extremely dangerous… penetraHng poliHcal systems… educaHonal systems… the field of health… [and] the communicaHon media” (Cokes, 2011)
DicHonary and Published DefiniHons
CCS
CCS
Paracelsus – The Father of Toxicology
“Alle Ding sind Gi2, und nichts ohn Gi2, allein die Dosis macht, das ein Ding kein Gi2 ist”
The Dose Makes the Poison
(1493-‐1541)
All things are poisons, and nothing is without poison; only the dose permits something not to be poisonous
“Substances considered toxic are harmless in small does, and conversely, an ordinarily harmless substance can be deadly if over-‐consumed”
“’Poisons’ were not necessarily something negaHve…poisons could have beneficial medical effects”
[toxicology vs. pharmacology]
CCS
Science, or Pseudo-‐Science, in Chemical and Product Assessments
Chemical Mispercep5ons Cause Anxiety When Needn't Be, and Complacency When Shouldn’t Be
Science Pseudo-‐Science
• Risk = Hazard x Exposure
• Hazard or Regulatory List Decisions • Dose-‐ Response Effects! Exposures with NOAELs
• Exposure Is MulH-‐Factorial -‐ Determines the Dose
• Exposure ConsideraHons Cannot Be Trusted
• Usage / FuncHonality / Lifecycle Stage Impacts Concerns
• Not Worthy ConsideraHons • UHlized For Drug, PesHcide, Food Assessments
• Not Applicable to Other Consumer Products
• Appropriate ApplicaHon Assures Safety • Disconnects Reality and PercepHons
• Assumes NOAELs Do Not Exist
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The DisconnecHon Between Chemical Science and Pseudo-‐Scienceᵅ
Pseudo-‐Science Science
ᵅ From: Making Sense of Chemical Stories, Sense About Science, 2014.
• Chemicals Can Be Avoided
• Everything Is Made of Chemicals
• Chemicals Should be Eliminated
• Nothing Can Be= “Chemical Free”
• Chemicals Cause Only Harm to Health and Damage to the Environment
• Chemicals Can Improve Health and the Environment
• SyntheHc Chemicals Are Worse Than “Natural”
• SyntheHc Chemicals O[en Much Safer
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Chemical Pseudo-‐Science MisconcepHons ᵅ
1. You Can Lead a Chemical-‐Free Life • Everything is made of chemicals • No alternaHves to chemicals, just choices of which to use & how they are made
3. SyntheHc Chemicals Are Causing Diseases
• Presence ≠ CausaHon • Dose-‐ response & usage constraints impact effects
5. Beneficial to Avoid Man-‐Made Chemicals • SyntheHc chemicals offer benefits to society • NutriHon, health, environment
• “SyntheHc,” arHficial, “man-‐made” ≠ damaging; natural ≠ safer • Increasing societal demand: contracepHves, mouthwash, cell phones, computers
4. Human Exposure to a cocktail of chemicals is a Hcking Hme-‐bomb
• Nature is a “cocktail of chemicals;” our bodies designed to detox cocktails • Chemical detecHon ≠ toxic effects
6. People are Subjects in an Uncontrolled, Unregulated Experiment
• ExisHng, hierarchical regulatory system • Legal liability, avoidance moHvaHon
ᵅ From: Making Sense of Chemical Stories, Sense About Science, 2014.
“[Green] chemical scien5sts have been at the forefront of iden5fying safety thresholds and promp5ng beGer chemical handling in workplaces, homes, and the world’s environment”
2. Man-‐Made Chemicals are Inherently Dangerous
CCS
LEVEL 1
Performance Assessment
1. FuncHonality 2. Appearance 3. Efficacy 4. Cost
Spectrum of AlternaHve Assessment ApplicaHons
Balancing Trade-‐Offs
LEVEL 2
Hazard Assessment
1. ANSI 355 CharacterisHcs 2. Data Quality 3. QSAR
LEVEL 3
Risk Assessment
1. QuanHty 2. Exposure
• Consumer • Worker • Environment
3. Frequency 4. DuraHon
LEVEL 4
Life Cycle Assessment
1. 4 Phases • Design • Manufacture • Use • End of Life
2. Trade offs
LEVEL 5
Sustainability Assessment
1. Planet Impacts 2. Social Impacts 3. Economic Impacts
Hazard Assessments by Restricted Substance Lists (RSLs)
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SELECTED EXAMPLES
• California ProposiHon 65 – Carcinogens & ReproducOve Toxins • EU Annex VI – Carcinogens, Mutagens & ReproducOve Toxins • EU ArHcle 59 – PotenOal Endocrine Disrupters • EPA IRIS – Neurotoxins • EPA CERCLA – Persistent, BioaccumulaOve Toxins
Typically – Any Chemicals on These Lists to be Banned/Replaced
Manufacturing Processes vs. Products vs. Usage/Exposure Levels?
Hazard Assessments by GreenScreen® CHEMICALS & BREAKDOWN PRODUCTS
CCS
Benchmark 1 AVOID/BAN
• 5 Levels (a-‐e) • Very High PBT • Very High Acute/Chronic Health • Very High Ecotoxicity
Benchmark 2 SEARCH FOR SUBSTITUTE
• 7 Levels • Moderate to High PBT, Ecotoxicity & Health • High Flammability • High ReacHvity
Benchmark 3 USE BUT IMPROVE
• 4 Levels • Moderate PBT, Ecotoxicity & Health • Moderate Flammability & ReacHvity
Benchmark 4 PREFERRED/SAFER CHEMICAL
• 1 Level • Low PBT, Ecotoxicity & Health • Low Flammability & ReacHvity
Benchmark 5 UNSPECIFIED
• Insufficient Data
Does NOT consider • Exposure • Risk • Lifecycle Stages
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Hazard Assessment Unintended Consequences
HAZARD ASSESSMENT UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCE
• DDT Banned in U.S. 1972 Ø Safe to Humans Ø Sotened Birds of Prey Eggshells Ø WHO 9/2006 Indoor Use Safe
• GeneHcally Modified Rice Ø Philippines Delay Approval 12 Years Ø Contains Vitamin A Ø Vitamin A Deficiency: Blindness, Death
• Keystone Oil Pipeline Ø 830,000 barrels/day Ø ↓ Dependence of Venezuela/Middle East Ø Thousands of Well-‐paying Jobs
50 Million deaths from Malaria, mostly African children
8 Million children died during the 12-‐year delay
American Economy & NaHonal Security At Risk
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Hazard Assessments vs. Risk Assessments
HAZARD of CONCERN RISK MODIFICATION STRATEGIES RESULTANT BENEFITS
• Medicines/Vaccines • Food ConsHtuents
Potatoes – Arsenic/Bromine/Nickel Mushrooms, Duck, Pears, Cauliflower -‐ Formaldehyde Tea – Fluoride
• Vehicle Fuel Flammability
Product/Process Chemicals
Dosages, Frequency, DuraHon Small concentraHons, Vary Diet Engineering Controls Exposure MinimizaHon Engineering Controls
Prevent/Cure Diseases NutriHon/Health Efficient TransportaHon Diverse Product Availability
Cross Reference DicHonary
Physical/Chemical
Health
Safety
Ecological
AlternaHves
— Chemical Names — Common Names — Foreign Names — Numeric IdenHfiers
— Acute — Chronic
— IncompaHbiliHes — Storage Codes — Flammables — Explosives — RadioacHves
— Toxicity — PesHcides — Long-‐term Effects — Persistence — Exposure
Green
— Acids — AnHoxidants — Bases — Binders — Chelators — Oxidizers — Propellants — Reducers — Solvents — Surfactants — UV Absorbers — Viscosity Agents — Other (~30)
— Ecological — Health — Safety
Available Resources – CCS RelaHonal Chemical and Product Database (R–CPD)
— Product DicHonary — Mfr.-‐ Supplier Links — Supplier-‐Supplier Links — CBI
— Manufacturers — ComposiHon — DescripHon — Generic Categories — Inventories — Alloys — MSDS Links
— U.S. EPA — U.S. DOL — U.S. DOT — U.S. FDA — U.S. Other — States — Canada — Europe — Pacific Rim — InternaHonal — Compounds — CCS Compiled — TexHles
Eco-‐Risk — Species Factors — Wildlife Toxicity — Dietary ConsideraHons — IngesHon Rates — BioconcentraHon — BioaccumulaHon — Biotransfer
Human Health Risk — Biotransfer Animals
Biotransfer & ConcentraHon Factors — Biotransfer Plants
BioconcentraHon Factors — Health Benchmarks
Cancer Slopes Toxicity Equivalency
— Physical/Chemical ProperHes Diffusivity ParHHon Coefficients
Regulatory Product Supplier Chemical
CCS RelaHonal Chemical and Product Database (R-‐CPD)
• AAFA • AFIRM • H&M • NIKE • NSF 336 (Current) • NSF 140 (Current) • Oeko-‐Tex • PUMA • SAC
— Elemental ComposiHon — Redox PotenHal — Pka/Pkb — Log Koc, Log Kow — BP, FP, VP — SolubiliHes
Exposure — Use Category — ProducHon Volume — Persistence/BioaccumulaHon — TRI Emissions
CCS
Enhanced GreenSuite® “One tool cannot do it all!”
CCS [ 8 Optional Hazard & Risk Assessments ]
1. Product Stewards &
Toxicologists
2. Process Engineering
3. Research/Development Procurement /Acquisitions
Enhanced GreenSuite® Data Entry Screen
Supplier “Family Tree”
ConsExpo Chemical (Exposure
Scenario OpHons)
ConsExpo Product (Exposure
Scenario OpHons)
Product (GP-‐CAS)
(44 Criteria-‐ CCS) [Design/Evaluate]
Chemical (COC-‐DDS)
(44 Criteria-‐ CCS)
Process (G-‐PACS)
(44 Criteria-‐ CCS) [Design/Evaluate]
Waste Stream (G-‐WACS)
(44 Criteria-‐ CCS)
[Evaluate/Design]
Process Engineering (G-‐PEAS) (24 Criteria-‐Customer)
Persistence Exposure Toxicity Long-‐Term Effects
Water Score
Persistence Exposure Toxicity Long-‐Term Effects
Air Score
Persistence Exposure Toxicity Long-‐Term Effects
Soil Score
Significance of each sub-‐score can be individually weighted
HEALTH SCORE (0-‐100%)
SAFETY SCORE (0-‐100%)
FINAL
GREENER CHEMICAL GRADE
(0 -‐ 100%)
ECOLOGICAL
SCORE (0-‐100%)
44 “Endpoint” Criteria
LONG-‐TERM EFFECTS -‐ SOIL Groundwater Mobility Factor
CERCLA RQ
TOXICITY-‐WATER Fish LC50
Daphae LC50 Green Algae EC50
(Solubility W-‐LC50) BCF
LONG-‐TERM EFFECTS -‐ WATER EutrophicaHon
TheoreHcal Oxygen Demand
LONG-‐TERM EFFECTS -‐ AIR Global Warming PotenHal Ozone-‐DepleHng PotenHal
Smog AcidificaHon
TOXICITY -‐ AIR (V.P. LC50) BCF
TOXICITY -‐ SOIL (Koc O-‐LD50) BCF 14-‐day Worm LC50
FLAMMABILITY Flash Point Boiling Point
“Greener” Chemical Scoring Process Chemicals – Products – Processes – Wastestreams
Subchronic Toxicity ReproducHve Effects Carcinogenicity Genotoxicity Neurotoxicity RfC RfD SensiHzer TLV
Chronic Health Score
Oral LD50 Dermal LD50 IDLH STEL/Ceiling InhalaHon LC50 Skin IrritaHon Eye IrritaHon Odor Threshold Value
Acute Health Score
Flammability Fire Score
RadioacHvity Oxidizer Water-‐ReacHve Corrosive
Special Score
Explosivity ReacHvity Score
44 ENDPOINTS IN THE NSF/GCI/ANSI 355-‐2011 NATIONAL STANDARD CCS
GreenSuite® Scoring Hierarchy Descriptor OpHons
97-‐100 A+ Highly Probable Non-‐Risk 93-‐96 A Very Probable Non-‐Risk 90-‐92 A-‐ Probable Non-‐Risk 87-‐89 B+ Reasonable Non-‐Risk 83-‐86 B Possible Non-‐Risk 80-‐82 B-‐ CauHous Non-‐Risk _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 77-‐79 C+ Minimal Risk 73-‐76 C Slight Risk 70-‐72 C-‐ Moderate Risk 65-‐69 D AcHonable Risk <65 F Highly AcHonable Risk
Green Alpha Text Score Score Descriptors
CCS
Design
New Constituents
A
L T
E R
N A
T I
V E
S Manufacturing
Precursor Materials
Finished Manufactured
Product
Transport &
Storage
Disposal Usage
Emissions
Design Manufacturing Transportation, Storage & Usage Disposal
[Screening Test Data
Requirements]
[Product Specific]
[Product Specific]
Chemical Module
Product Module (Design)
Process Module/Chemicals
Process Module/Engineering
Product Module (Evaluate) Waste Module
CCS
GreenSuite® Lifecycle AlternaHve Assessments
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Enhanced GreenSuite® Exposure Algorithms
Chemical BOM
(%/Each)
Usage Level (%)
Amount Released
(%)
EXPOSURE LEVEL (PPM)
X X FormulaHon
Process
Waste Stream
Enhanced GreenSuite® Input Screen (1) Secure, Web-‐based Data Entry -‐ NDA
CCS
Manufacture Name → Manufacture ID − Authorized User/Password
Trade Name Assembly Sealant Product IdenHficaHon Number 1234 SpecificaHon Number CCS1 NaHonal Stock Number N/A CAGE Number NA Polymethylene polyphenylenenediisocyanate propoxylated glycerin (PPPG) 57029-‐46-‐6 17%
Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chlorinated (PW,HW-‐C) 63449-‐39-‐8 7% MDI/polypropylene glycol prepolymer (MDI) 53862-‐89-‐8 17%
Phosphoric acid, tris(2-‐chloro-‐1-‐methylethyl) ester (PATE) 13674-‐84-‐5 7% Polymethylenepolyphenyl Isocyanate (PI) 9016-‐87-‐9 18%
Isocyanic acid, methylenedi-‐p-‐phenylene ester (IA-‐MPE) 101-‐68-‐8 18% Methyl ether 115-‐10-‐6 3% 2-‐methyl-‐propane 75-‐28-‐5 10% Propane 74-‐98-‐6 3%
A. Product Data
B. Product Category Data Primary Categories Sub-Categories Specific Scenario Selection
Cleaning Products CosmeHcs Disinfectant Products Do-‐It-‐Yourself -‐ X Paint Products Children's Toys
Glue Sealant Fillers and Pu~y Plasters and Equalizers CoaHng Remover Miscellaneous-‐ X
Glue Sealant Fillers and Pu~y Plasters and Equalizers CoaHng Remover Miscellaneous-‐ X
InsulaHon Foam – X Joint Color
Enhanced GreenSuite® Input Screen (2) Secure, Web-‐based Data Entry -‐ NDA
CCS
C. ConsExpo Scenario Default Parameters with Override Options
D. ConsExpo Mode of Release:
Instantaneous Release (Tier I) Constant Rate X Evaporation
Parameter Units InsulaHon Foam Value Industry Override Values General data Frequency Per year 0.2 Body weight kilograms 65 InhalaHon data Room volume m³ 57.5 VenHlaHon rate 1/hr 11.5 Release area m² 20 Product amount grams 825 ApplicaHon duraHon minutes 10 Exposure duraHon minutes 340 Dermal data Exposed area cm² 1900 Product amount minutes 10 Contact Rate mg/minute 10
Enhanced GreenSuite® AnalyHcal Results
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Product /Chemical Name Percentage Green Grade Ecological Score Health Score Safety Score
InsulaHon Spray Foam Sealant 81 74 80 89 (Fire=73)
PPPG 17% 91 83 91 100 PW, HW-‐C 7% 92 83 91 100
MDI 17% 90 83 87 100
PATE 7% 87 77 92 92
PI 18% 75 71 66 89 IA-‐MPE 18% 71 59 61 92
Methyl ether 3% 66 74 89 33 2-‐methyl-‐propane 10% 75 71 87 67
Propane 3% 62 71 81 33
Product /Chemical Name Percentage Acute Mean ConcentraHon
(mg/m3)
Chronic Mean ConcentraHon (mg/m3/day)
Acute Dose
(mg/kg)
Chronic Dose
(mg/kg/day) Isocyanic acid, methylenedi-‐p-‐
phenylene ester 18% 33.2 0.0182 17.7 0.0091
D1. GreenSuite® Evaluation Summary
D2. ConsExpo Inhalation Exposure Summary – Insulation Spray Foam
D3. Insulation Spray Foam Inhalation Risk Characterization Ratio (RCR <1 =No Risk)
Product /Chemical Name Percentage Chronic Mean ConcentraHon
(mg/m3) InhalaHon DNEL (mg/m3)
Risk CharacterizaHon RaHo
( > 1.0 = Risk )
Isocyanic acid, methylenedi-‐p-‐phenylene ester
18% 0.0182 0.05 0.364
"Green" Grade Report Card Product : Spray Foam InsulaHon Adjustable Weight : Preferred Manufacturer: ACC Pilot Project
Persistence: 62 (10% AW) Water Score: 63 ParHHon: 68 (10% AW) (33.34% AW) Toxicity: 62 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 64 (30% AW) Persistence: 65 (10% AW) Ecological Score: 74 Air Score: 88 ParHHon: 88 (10% AW) (33.34% AW) (33.33% AW) Toxicity: 90 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 93 (30% AW) Persistence: 62 (10% AW) Soil Score: 72 ParHHon: 80 (10% AW) (33.33% AW) Toxicity: 60 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 92 (30% AW) Oral LD50: 91 (12.5% AW) Dermal LD50: 93 (15% AW) IDLH: 53 (25% AW)
Acute Score: 73 STEL/Ceiling: 64 (20% AW) (50% AW) InhalaHon LC50: 86 (18% AW) Skin IrritaHon: 63 (3% AW)
FINAL GREEN GRADE:
Eye IrritaHon: 57 (4.5% AW)
Health Score: 80 Odor Threshold Value: 75 (2% AW)
81 (33.33% AW) ReproducHve Effects: 92 (20% AW) (100%) Carcinogenicity: 90 (22% AW)
RfC: 85 (4% AW) Chronic Score: 86 RfD: 84 (3% AW) (50% AW) SensiHzer: 43 (5% AW) Neurotoxicity: 90 (22% AW) TLV: 64 (10% AW) Subchronic Toxicity: 100 (6% AW) Genotoxicity: 100 (8% AW) Fire Score: 73 Flammability: 73 (100% AW) (33.33% AW) RadioacHvity: 100 (25% AW) Safety Score: 89 Special Score: 98 Oxidizer: 100 (25% AW) (33.33% AW) (33.34% AW) Water-‐ReacHve: 94 (25% AW) Corrosive: 100 (25% AW) ReacHvity Score: 94 Explosivity: 94 (100% AW) (33.33% AW)
Copyright © 2014 Chemical Compliance Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
"Green" Grade Report Card Chemical : Isocyanic acid, methylenedi-‐p-‐phenylene ester
CAS# : 101-‐68-‐8 Adjustable Weight : Preferred
Persistence: 38 (10% AW) Water Score: 25 ParHHon: 39 (10% AW) (33.34% AW) Toxicity: 8 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 45 (30% AW) Persistence: 65 (10% AW) Ecological Score: 59 Air Score: 95 ParHHon: 99 (10% AW) (33.34% AW) (33.33% AW) Toxicity: 100 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 94 (30% AW) Persistence: 38 (10% AW) Soil Score: 59 ParHHon: 61 (10% AW) (33.33% AW) Toxicity: 38 (50% AW) Long-‐Term Effects: 100 (30% AW) Oral LD50: 84 (12.5% AW) Dermal LD50: 90 (15% AW) IDLH: 0 (25% AW)
Acute Score: 41 STEL/Ceiling: 5 (20% AW) (50% AW) InhalaHon LC50: 72 (18% AW) Skin IrritaHon: 50 (3% AW)
FINAL GREEN GRADE:
Eye IrritaHon: 25 (4.5% AW) Health Score: 61 Odor Threshold Value: 1 (2% AW)
71 (33.33% AW) ReproducHve Effects: 95 (20% AW) (100%) Carcinogenicity: 90 (22% AW)
RfC: 90 (4% AW) Chronic Score: 81 RfD: 90 (3% AW) (50% AW) SensiHzer: 0 (5% AW) Neurotoxicity: 95 (22% AW) TLV: 9 (10% AW) Subchronic Toxicity: 100 (6% AW) Genotoxicity: 100 (8% AW) Fire Score: 75 Flammability: 75 (100% AW) (33.33% AW) RadioacHvity: 100 (25% AW) Safety Score: 92 Special Score: 100 Oxidizer: 100 (25% AW) (33.33% AW) (33.34% AW) Water-‐ReacHve: 100 (25% AW) Corrosive: 100 (25% AW) ReacHvity Score: 100 Explosivity: 100 (100% AW) (33.33% AW)
Copyright © 2014 Chemical Compliance Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
“Greener” Engineering Scoring Process
CCS
FINAL
GREENER PROCESS GRADE
(0 -‐ 100%)
Input Chemical Recovered/Recycled Reactant Auxiliary Chemical Recovered/Reused Auxiliary Chemical Product Output Co-‐product Output
MASS EFFICIENCY & WASTE SCORE (0-‐100%)
24 “Endpoint” Criteria
Freshwater Used Discharged QuanHty Discharged Quality Impact Adjusted Usage
WATER USAGE SCORE (0-‐100%)
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
SCORE (0-‐100%)
Total Energy Inputs Waste Treatment/Disposal (including GHG) Renewable Energy Sources R3 Energy Sources Energy Sold Product Output Co-‐product Output
Biobased Carbon Organic Carbon
BIOBASED CONTENT SCORE (0-‐100%)
Industry Performance Standard Incident Rate & Severity Records Available Process Safety Policy Risk Management Program
PROCESS SAFETY SCORE (0-‐100%)
24 ENDPOINTS IN THE NSF/GCI/ANSI 355-‐2011 NATIONAL STANDARD
3S 3S 3S 3S 3S 3S
2S 2S 2S 2S
1S 1S
MFR = Manufacturer/Brand: (1) enters only their Facility & Materials data into SSCS (2) requires their Suppliers to enter their CBI data into SSCS
S = Suppliers, Levels 1-‐3: (1) enters their own CBI data into SSCS once (2) 1X entry available for all of their manufacturing customers (3) same product, different names for different customers – CBI dicHonary
Cleans the supply chain from bo~om up − NOT top down
MFR (6S)
MFR (12S)
MFR (7S)
MFR (4S)
MFR (5S)
MFR (4S)
6 Manufacturers 12 Suppliers 18 Data Sources vs. 43 Data AcquisiHons
Supply Chain “Family Tree”
CCS
CCS
RISK = Hazard X Exposure
• Only Looks at Exposure During Use ● Use & Exposure-‐Consumer & Lifecycle
• Does NOT Encompass Lifecycle Exposure ● Does Lifecycle Stages Exposure
• Does NOT Include Complete Costs of Toxic Chemical Use ● Includes Health, Ecology, Safety ·∙Human Health ·∙Cleanup & Disposal ·∙Long-‐term Management Over Lifecycle-‐ Rate of Exposure
• Difficult & Expensive to Implement – ● Affordable to Small Businesses Especially for Small Businesses
• NOT Adequate to Address All Impacts Posed ● 44 Ecological, Health & Safety by Toxic Chemicals Over LifeHme-‐ Specific Exposure
Scenarios
• AlternaHve Assessments CANNOT be Based Upon Risk ● Does AlternaHve Chemical, Product, (or Lifecycle… or Sustainability) Process, Lifecycle, Sustainability &
Consumer Risk Assessments
IC2 Risk Assessment CriHcisms Enhanced GreenSuite® Capability
Enhanced GreenSuite® Capability vs. IC2 Risk Assessment CriHcisms
What Is Your Business Story Going To Be?
CCS
Chemical Data
Chemical Hazard Assessments Pseudo-‐Science Unintended
Consequences Costly
Chemical/Product Risk Assessments Science Safer
Products Business Success
Your Hme to choose is growing short!
CCS
Conclusions
• The Science of Risk Assessment Is Based In Reality; the Pseudo-‐Science of Hazard Assessment Ignores CriHcal Lifecycle Factors
• Ecological, Health and Safety Risks Can Be Evaluated Independently, or CollecHvely • QuanHtaHve Hazard and Exposure Factors Have Been Merged
Into Automated, Web-‐based Risk Assessments
• Automated Systems Expedite Chemical, Product, Process, Wastestream, and Lifecycle Risk Assessments
CCS
Please send quesHons/comments to:
George R. Thompson, Ph.D. [email protected]
Chemical Compliance Systems, Inc. 706 Route 15 South, Suite 207
Lake Hopatcong, NJ 973-‐663-‐2148
www.chemply.com
Thank You ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT
HAZARD
RISK
LIFECYCLE
SUSTAIN-‐ABILITY
“Anticipating the Unanticipatable”
