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125 March 2009

Sahana & Sahana & Disaster Management Software:Disaster Management Software:

Past, Present & FuturePast, Present & FutureWhat can we learn from the experience of

professional disaster managers and humanitarian aid workers to build better humanitarian FOSS

software

Mark PrutsalisPresident, Globaliist Inc.

Living-Prepared.comSahana PMC

March 25, 2009

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Employers, Customers, Employers, Customers, ClientsClients• NGOs

Refugees International Rocky Mountain Institute World Vision International

• UN Agencies UNHCR UNICEF UNJLC

• US Government Center of Excellence in Disaster

Management & Humanitarian Assistance

US Navy’s Third Fleet DARPA

• Private Sector Crisis Response Team (IBM) IT Crisis Services

On Site Emergency On Site Emergency Management ExperienceManagement Experience• Cambodia 1993 (elections)• Bosnia & Herzegovina 1993-94 (conflict)• Tanzania 1994 (refugees)• Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire

1994-96 (Great Lakes region refugee emergency & civil conflict)

• Kenya, Southern Sudan, 1997 (OLS)• Mali 1997 (emergency response team

training)• Central America 1998 (Hurricane Mitch)• East Timor 1999 (conflict)• Ecuador 1999 (volcano)• Turkey 1999 (earthquake)• Taiwan 2000 (emergency planning)• Gujarat, India 2000 (earthquake)• New York 2001 (9/11)• India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia 2004-05

(earthquake, tsunami)• Kashmir, Pakistan 2005 (earthquake)• City of New York 2004-08 (emergency

planning)

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Today’s TalkToday’s Talk• Part 1 : History of Disaster Management Software

Early efforts (1993-2004) Indian Ocean tsunami (2004-05) Post-tsunami experience (2005-09)

• Part 2 : the Present State of Sahana Challenges of moving Sahana into a public stable 1.0 release What 1.0 means for Sahana and the humanitarian community

• Part 3 : the Future of Disaster Management Software Mission critical functions that have yet to be developed:

logistics

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PART ONEPART ONE

Personal History with Disaster Management Software

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Tanzania 1994Tanzania 1994Estimated 200,000+ Rwandan Refugees enter Tanzania in a single day.

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Turkey 1994Turkey 1994Kocaeli Earthquake and resulting influx of international donations of drugs and medical supplies cripple Turkish Ministry of Health’s ability to respond.

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Organizing the WarehouseOrganizing the Warehouse

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Deploying the SystemDeploying the System

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Commodity Tracking System Commodity Tracking System Architecture Architecture

for Turkish Ministry of Healthfor Turkish Ministry of Health

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• Affected Population: 16,972,606• Human Fatalities: 30,000 +• Injured Persons: 68,478• Destroyed Houses: 228,906• Damaged Buildings 397,538

Bhuj, IndiaJanuary, 2001Gujarat Earthquake M7.9

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The Mission: The Mission: Logistics ManagementLogistics Management

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Gujarat Earthquake Relief:Gujarat Earthquake Relief:Receipt, Packaging and Distribution of SuppliesReceipt, Packaging and Distribution of Supplies

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Deploying CommTrack Deploying CommTrack System:System:

Ahmadabad, India, 7 February Ahmadabad, India, 7 February 20002000

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Cell phone Cell phone towers still towers still operatingoperatingBachau, India, 5 February 2000

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Bhuj, IndiaBhuj, India

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Bhuj Relief WarehouseBhuj Relief Warehouse

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Our Pony ExpressOur Pony Express

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Anjar, IndiaAnjar, India13 February 200013 February 2000

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Semankyali Checkpoint, IndiaSemankyali Checkpoint, India

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Adasar Checkpoint, IndiaAdasar Checkpoint, India

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The Indian Ocean TsunamiThe Indian Ocean Tsunami

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India: Sunil RaghavanIndia: Sunil Raghavan

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India: Tsunami Management India: Tsunami Management System:System:

Victim Tracking, Logistics, Information SystemVictim Tracking, Logistics, Information System

Open source, Linux Operating System, MYSQL Database

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India: Warehouse India: Warehouse ManagementManagement

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India: Logistics SystemIndia: Logistics System

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India: Information SystemIndia: Information System

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Sri LankaSri Lanka

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Person/Victim Registration SystemPerson/Victim Registration System

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Camp/Shelter Registration SystemCamp/Shelter Registration System

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Request/Assistance Management SystemRequest/Assistance Management System

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Organization Registration SystemOrganization Registration System

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Students configuring Sahana Students configuring Sahana in Colomboin Colombo

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Sahana Training Sahana Training Provided by Crisis Provided by Crisis Response Team’s Response Team’s Dr. Tom PhelanDr. Tom Phelan

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IndonesiaIndonesiaBanda Aceh7 Days after tsunami

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SIMBASIMBASistem Informasi Manajemen Bencana Aceh (SIMBA)

Information Management System for Aceh Disaster

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First create a new POSKO, “double-click” on ‘Create new Posko’

SIMBASIMBA

Requirements meeting with Government

Programming Team in Aceh

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Secure Wireless Secure Wireless Infrastructure System Infrastructure System

(SWIS) Installed in Banda (SWIS) Installed in Banda Aceh and TeunomAceh and Teunom

Crisis Response Team installs and adjusts wireless network communications hardware in Teunom camp

Setting up SIMBA in Teunom

SWIS was used in Indonesia to enter and transmit IDP (Internally Displaced Person) information. Previously, these records were hand written and sent by helicopter from Teunom to Banda Aceh .

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Hurricane Katrina, 2005Hurricane Katrina, 2005

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Challenge: Nearly 50 Missing and Challenge: Nearly 50 Missing and

Located Persons Registries Located Persons Registries (examples)(examples)

http://callhome.textamerica.comhttp://www.karmus.com/photo/100350http://neworleansrefugees.blogspot.comhttp://picayunekatrina.blogspot.comhttp://slidell.weblogswork.comhttp://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2005/hurricanes/

listhttp://www.familylinks.icrc.org/katrina/locatehttp://www.bergedalen.com/katrina/

survived.aspxhttp://homeport.uscg.mil/mycg/portal/ep/

home.dohttp://www.hurricanerefugee.comhttp://www.katrinafinder.ushttp://www.katrina-messages.orghttp://connect.castpost.comhttp://msnbc.msn.com/id/9159961http://nokr.org/nok/restricted/home.htm

http://www.tsasw.org/qso/healthandwelfare.asphttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/talking_point/

4202042.stmhttp://208.137.136.144/phpbb2/viewforum.php?

f=111http://survivedkatrina.proboards54.com/index.cgihttp://www.katrinaconnections.comhttp://www.hurricanekatrinasurvivors.com/mainhttp://www.wwltv.com/forums/viewforum.php?

f=15http://katrinacentral.comhttp://katrinafamiliesandfriends.comhttp://www.fullcircle.nethttp://katrinaslost.com/connecthttp://www.katrinaslost.comhttp://neworleans.craigslist.org/laf

* Based on a full compilation as of Sept 2, 2005 at 8:30pm (list available)

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Challenge: Duplicate Challenge: Duplicate ReportingReporting

3595 registrations in just the letter “B”. Over

34,000 in total.

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RecommendationsRecommendations

• Information Sharing MOUs• Agreed data collection standards and

formats• Identifying duplicate records & false

records• Only one official Missing Persons site

per disaster – one database• Sahana can fill this role

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NYC Sahana Intake Based on NYC Sahana Intake Based on Official Paper FormsOfficial Paper Forms

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Kashmir Earthquake 2005Kashmir Earthquake 2005

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Kashmir Earthquake 2005Kashmir Earthquake 2005

Maj. General Khalid Nawaz, GOC Muzaffarabad (GOC 12 DIV)

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Balakot, PakistanBalakot, Pakistan

60% loss of life

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NYC Sahana Branch – NYC Sahana Branch – 2007+2007+

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NYC BranchNYC BranchStaff Registration SystemStaff Registration System

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NYC Branch Site SystemNYC Branch Site System

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NYC Branch – GIS NYC Branch – GIS IntegrationIntegration

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NYC Branch Shelteree NYC Branch Shelteree Registration System ReportingRegistration System Reporting

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NYC Branch SANDS SystemNYC Branch SANDS System

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NYC Branch SANDS:NYC Branch SANDS:Assigning Staff to Activated Assigning Staff to Activated

SitesSites

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NYC Branch SANDS: Staff NYC Branch SANDS: Staff ManagementManagement

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NYC Branch SANDS:NYC Branch SANDS:Tracking and Updating Staff Tracking and Updating Staff

StatusStatus

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NYC Branch SANDS:NYC Branch SANDS:Situation Awareness of Situation Awareness of

StaffingStaffing

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NYC Sahana Branch: Next NYC Sahana Branch: Next StepsSteps

• More automation of business processes• More situational awareness reports

(dashboard)• Logistics management for shelters and

community distribution points• Development, support & maintenance

from City University of New York (CUNY)

• Merging NYC Branch features back into Sahana trunk

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LESSONS LEARNEDLESSONS LEARNED

• Fully functional offline / standalone

• Development priorities driven by emergency/disaster management domain experts

• Stable, reliable, easy to install & run on Windows/IE

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PART TWOPART TWO

The Present State of Sahana: Whither Sahana 1.0?

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“Sahana is not being utilized in Aus [Australia] at this time for fire evacuee and refugee management due to several fundamental considerations:  o Sahana is still in pre-release and thereby not demonstrably robust (hopefully rectified when Sahana 1.0 is released)

o Sahana is not easily installed on Microsoft Windows servers and notebooks

o Sahana is currently considered to be overly complex in terms of features and the complexities of deployment methodologies….”

- e-mail from Don Cameron, Sahana PMC member, 3/16/09

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A call for Sahana 1.0 this A call for Sahana 1.0 this yearyear

• Open Source = constant innovation, results in betas – “release often”

• At odds with need for stable & reliable code that emergency managers can depend on to save lives

• If Sahana wants to be “the disaster management software” it has to be stable & reliable.

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Whither Sahana 1.0?Whither Sahana 1.0?

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Sahana 1.0 Release PlanSahana 1.0 Release Plan• Take a little longer than normal release

schedule.• Clean up code• Fix all outstanding bugs• Rigorous bug test & QA• Professional packaging with

installation/configuration scripts for windows, Linux, MAC OSX, Solaris, portable applets, etc.

• Professional documentation for installation & end-users.

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We need your helpWe need your help• We need developers to support the 1.0 release.• Activities & tasks are documents on wiki:

http://wiki.sahana.lk/doku.php?id=dev:strategic_plan_for_proposed_public_stable_release_of_sahana_1.0

• It is not sexy work, but fulfilling. You will be part of team that will make Sahana 1.0 a reality.

• Get involved. On Sahana-Maindev; IRC #sahana

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Sahana 1.0 launches Sahana Sahana 1.0 launches Sahana into Stratosphereinto Stratosphere

• No, it won’t be in Python.• No, it won’t have all the bells and

whistles planned for with the 0.7 and 0.8 releases and GSoC 2009 projects.

• BUT – when next major sudden onset disaster strikes, no one will hesitate to recommend Sahana’s deployment.

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PART THREEPART THREE

The Future of Sahana and Disaster Management Software

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Sahana needs a Logistics Sahana needs a Logistics Management SystemManagement System

• Emergency experience demonstrates need

• No disaster management system is complete without it

• “Logistics efforts can account up to 80% of disaster relief spending and thus, efficient and effective logistics activities become crucial for successful humanitarian operations.” – ISCRAM 2009

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LogisticsLogistics

• Basic Principle: Get things and people to right place, at right time, for right price.

• Must organize: Procurement Transport Warehousing Distribution

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Design for Sahana Logistics Design for Sahana Logistics (1)(1)

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Design for Sahana Logistics Design for Sahana Logistics (2)(2)

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Next Steps for Sahana Next Steps for Sahana LogisticsLogistics

• GSoC 2009 Project for NGO Warehouse Management

• Again, we need your help!

• Post Sahana 1.0, Sahana logistics should be next major voluntary effort

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THANK THANK YOUYOU

Mark PrutsalisPresident, Glbaliist Inc.Sahana PMChttp://Living-Prepared.comhttp://www.globaliist.commark@globaliist.comSkype: mark.prutsalisIRC #sahana: mprutsalis