RSA Raja Abdullah

Introduction/Objectives

Scope and Implementation Plan

Site Description

Sensors

Network Architecture

Roles of Agencies

PoC Outcomes

Issue

Advantage

Conclusion

Hillside development has resulted in the increasing occurrence of landslides in Malaysia

Landslides have occurred not only in residential areas but also at highways, resulting in loss of lives and economic hardship to the public, authorities and government

•To showcase WSN technology for slope monitoring

•To develop an effective landslide hazard monitoring, predictive and analytical system by utilizing WSN motes - real time data can be accessed remotely.

Date of Occurrence Landslide Location Fatality Injury Highway Closure

11 Dec 1993 Highland Tower 48 - -

30 Jun 1995 Genting Sempah 20 22 -

6 Jan 1996 Km 303.8, Gua Tempurung 1 - YES

29 Aug 1996 Pos Dipang, Perak 38 - -

20 Nov 2002 Hillview 8 - -

26 Oct 2003 Km 21.8, Bukit Lanjan - - YES

12 Oct 2004 Km 303, Gua Tempurung - 1 YES

31 May 2006 Zooview 4 - -

17 Jan 2008 Plantation at Comeron Highlands 3 - -

6 Sept 2008 Teluk Bahang, Penang YES

15 Oct 2008 Pinggir Bukit Segar, Cheras, Selangor - - YES

17 Oct 2008 Ganesan Quarry, Hulu Langat,Selangor 2 - -

19 Oct 2008 Sungai Kayu Ara in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, - - -

30 Nov 2008 Ulu Yam Perdana near Kuala Kubu Baru, Selangor 2 - -

4 Dec 2008 Jalan Semantan, Kuala Lumpur. - - -

6 Dec 2008 Bukit Antarabangsa, K. Lumpur 5 15 -

SAFETY IMPACT

NATIONAL SLOPE MASTER PLAN

Develop a national landslide hazard monitoring, prediction and early warning

system.

Develop real-time monitoring and prediction capabilities on both site specific

and regional scales, to assist Federal, State, and local emergency managers

determine the nature of landslide hazards and the extent of ongoing risks.

Propose latest available technologies and application framework for monitoring

landslide movement nationwide.

Propose state-of-the-art techniques with respect to real-time monitoring for

incorporation with slope stability models.

National Monitoring Centre for Slope

Km 21.8, Bukit Lanjan

Taman Zooview

Pos Dipang, Perak

Bukit Antrabangsa, K. Lumpur

Sungai Kayu Ara,PJ Selangor,

Bkt Stong-Jelawang (101.9629E , 5.246N)• Size : 140m slope height• Location : Located in Kelantan• Method: Sub surface monitoring• Slope monitored starting 2008• Moderate slope movement but active during raining season

Typical Slope in Malaysia

Rain gauge (RG)•Capturing rainfall data

Vibrating Wire Piezometer (VWP)•Measure pore water pressure

Soil Moisture•Monitor soil suction In Place Inclinometer (IPI)

•Sub surface soil movement

-1 hour data granularity-

6 sensors were chosen

Each sensor node configured with1 hour data granularity

Network architecture based on pointto point connection (sensor node-gateway)

Point to point connectivity to longer battery power at sensor node (sleep mode)

Gateway

Radio Communication to Gateway

RG

Gateway sends data to server via satellite SMS RG - Rain Gauge

VWP - Vibrating WirePiezometer

IPI - In-Placed Inclinometer

VWP

VWP

VWP

Soil Moisture

IPI

GSM phone collocated at DB & Application server

WWW

Thuraya Satellite

End UserPWDMICCLocal Authority

SMS

Entities Roles & Responsibility

National CoE Coordination of WSN Slope Monitoring implementation.Network and system architecture designSensor node interface design and integration

PWD-Slope Department To provide Slope Master PlanTo provide list of critical slope for monitoringGovernment policy on Slope monitoring methodology & techniqueInterface between National CoE to current contractor

MICC To provide backbone communication for WSNMain coordinator for WSN implementation

System Integration Company Local industry expertise in WSN technologyDevelopment and integration of Slope Monitoring PoC

Instrumentation Company To provide details sensor specification for WSN development

Telecommunication Service Provider To provide telecommunication infrastructure

Non line of sight for radio transmission

Power scavenging issue that require alternative power

Eg. Solar panel

Canopy clearance required for solar panel

Sensor output sharing capability between Data Logger &

Sensor Node

Lack of electricity communication backbone

Data delivery model & aggregation

The cloudy weather and thick fog limit sunshine for solar

panel at hill side area

Continuous slope monitoring

On line slope monitoring that could be accessed via Internet

Trend of various type of sensor information, sensor node

health & battery condition

Could prevent landslide with the Decision Support System

implemented which save life and contribute to economic

stability

A reference model for other disaster prone country

• Slope monitoring is one of the critical application that could be supported by WSN

• 24x7 monitoring is the main advantage by implementing WSN Slope Monitoring

• The successfully of WSN Slope Monitoring to be implemented nation wide depends on government and authority policy.